Direct binding of Nur77/NAK-1 to the plasminogen activator inhibitor
... response to hypoxia.11 The regulation of PAI-1 by inflammatory mediators is, however, still unclear. Nuclear factor–B (NF-B) is the major transcription factor translocated to the nucleus in response to inflammatory stimuli where it directly drives transcription of responsive genes such as E-select ...
... response to hypoxia.11 The regulation of PAI-1 by inflammatory mediators is, however, still unclear. Nuclear factor–B (NF-B) is the major transcription factor translocated to the nucleus in response to inflammatory stimuli where it directly drives transcription of responsive genes such as E-select ...
Detergent-Insoluble Membrane Compartment CD20 Required for Its
... loops. Complete digestion of extracellular regions would be expected to result in either 8- or 15-kDa N-terminal fragments depending on whether the polypeptide is exposed at the cell surface on the carboxyl side of TM1. For these studies we used both trypsin, which cuts specifically on the carboxyli ...
... loops. Complete digestion of extracellular regions would be expected to result in either 8- or 15-kDa N-terminal fragments depending on whether the polypeptide is exposed at the cell surface on the carboxyl side of TM1. For these studies we used both trypsin, which cuts specifically on the carboxyli ...
Connecting muscles to tendons - Development
... Tendon determination: autonomous versus non-autonomous induction The precise connectivity between muscles, tendons and bones is crucial for optimal locomotion of the organism, yet the pathways involved in this process are poorly understood. Several mechanisms could underlie the accurate connectivity ...
... Tendon determination: autonomous versus non-autonomous induction The precise connectivity between muscles, tendons and bones is crucial for optimal locomotion of the organism, yet the pathways involved in this process are poorly understood. Several mechanisms could underlie the accurate connectivity ...
cIAP-1 Controls Innate Immunity to C. pneumoniae Pulmonary
... including XIAP, cIAP-1 and cIAP-2, interact with caspase-3, 7 and 9 and block apoptosis if over expressed in cells [17,18], the function of IAPs in vivo is still unknown. XIAP is probably the only potent direct inhibitor of caspase-3, 7 or 9 [19], but an apoptosis related phenotype has not yet been ...
... including XIAP, cIAP-1 and cIAP-2, interact with caspase-3, 7 and 9 and block apoptosis if over expressed in cells [17,18], the function of IAPs in vivo is still unknown. XIAP is probably the only potent direct inhibitor of caspase-3, 7 or 9 [19], but an apoptosis related phenotype has not yet been ...
Imaging of the Yellow Cameleon 3.6 Indicator
... to attenuate Ca21 influx by the alternative means of chelating extracellular Ca21. Treatment with 4 mM EGTA also led to rapid bursting of almost all growing root hairs within 10 min of treatment (Table I). These results indicate that expansion of the root hair tip can be sustained by processes that ...
... to attenuate Ca21 influx by the alternative means of chelating extracellular Ca21. Treatment with 4 mM EGTA also led to rapid bursting of almost all growing root hairs within 10 min of treatment (Table I). These results indicate that expansion of the root hair tip can be sustained by processes that ...
Full text (external site)
... The study of human muscle and the mechanisms by which humans muscles grow has persisted for thousands of years. The ancient story of Milo of Crete details how Milo carried a calf until it was a grown bull and by doing so gained extraordinary size (Verkhoshansky & Siff, 2009). This may seem outrageou ...
... The study of human muscle and the mechanisms by which humans muscles grow has persisted for thousands of years. The ancient story of Milo of Crete details how Milo carried a calf until it was a grown bull and by doing so gained extraordinary size (Verkhoshansky & Siff, 2009). This may seem outrageou ...
Early Event of Sexual Induction in Volvox: Chemical Modification of
... embryo, differentiation into somatic and reproductive cells is seen at the division from 32 to 64 cells. At this stage, 16 out of the 32 cells undergo unequal cleavage, forming a small somatic and a large reproductive initial. Whereas cell division soon ceases in the reproductive initials, the remai ...
... embryo, differentiation into somatic and reproductive cells is seen at the division from 32 to 64 cells. At this stage, 16 out of the 32 cells undergo unequal cleavage, forming a small somatic and a large reproductive initial. Whereas cell division soon ceases in the reproductive initials, the remai ...
FGF signaling is essential for the early events in the development of
... histology. Overall growth and development was also adversely affected as seen from the measurement of body axis length. Further, treatment of embryos with FGF resulted in differential modulation of expression of two genes important in normal development as studied by whole mount in situ hybridizatio ...
... histology. Overall growth and development was also adversely affected as seen from the measurement of body axis length. Further, treatment of embryos with FGF resulted in differential modulation of expression of two genes important in normal development as studied by whole mount in situ hybridizatio ...
Cloning, Expression, and Functional Characterization of TL1A-Ig
... primarily by T lymphocytes, including CD4+, CD8+, and NKT cells and is efficiently upregulated after T cell stimulation. The natural ligand for TNFRSF25, TL1A, is a type II transmembrane protein can be subsequently cleaved as a soluble trimeric protein by a member of metalloproteases. Our lab previo ...
... primarily by T lymphocytes, including CD4+, CD8+, and NKT cells and is efficiently upregulated after T cell stimulation. The natural ligand for TNFRSF25, TL1A, is a type II transmembrane protein can be subsequently cleaved as a soluble trimeric protein by a member of metalloproteases. Our lab previo ...
Selective kinase inhibitors as tools for neuroscience research
... inhibitor should allow neurotrophic signaling to be completely blocked. There is a dual interest in Trk inhibitor development. A specific inhibitor of the receptors would be an invaluable research tool for the study of neurotrophin action, but the elevated Trk kinase activity associated with a number ...
... inhibitor should allow neurotrophic signaling to be completely blocked. There is a dual interest in Trk inhibitor development. A specific inhibitor of the receptors would be an invaluable research tool for the study of neurotrophin action, but the elevated Trk kinase activity associated with a number ...
hematopoietic stem cells: to be or notch to be
... Lack of the X-linked Notch locus in the fly resulted in embryonic death, yet heterozygous females showed the serrate/notched wing margin first observed by T.H. Morgan’s group 3, a phenotype that named the whole pathway. Drosophila ...
... Lack of the X-linked Notch locus in the fly resulted in embryonic death, yet heterozygous females showed the serrate/notched wing margin first observed by T.H. Morgan’s group 3, a phenotype that named the whole pathway. Drosophila ...
S1P promotes murine progenitor cell egress and
... AMD3100 injection (Figure 2A), which were back to baseline in the plasma after 1 hour of AMD3100 administration (Figure 2A). At 1 hour after AMD3100 injection, S1P levels in the BM were also normal (Figure 2B). Moreover, an increase in the percentage of S1P1 expressing BM c-Kit⫹/Lin⫺ (KL) progenitor ...
... AMD3100 injection (Figure 2A), which were back to baseline in the plasma after 1 hour of AMD3100 administration (Figure 2A). At 1 hour after AMD3100 injection, S1P levels in the BM were also normal (Figure 2B). Moreover, an increase in the percentage of S1P1 expressing BM c-Kit⫹/Lin⫺ (KL) progenitor ...
Low Catecholamine Concentrations Protect Adult Rat Ventricular
... cardiac myocytes (10.03 ⫾ 0.71 versus 8.74 ⫾ 0.38% TUNELpositive myocytes, n ⫽ 5, NS). Myocyte pretreatment with 50 M genistein totally suppressed the protective effect of epinephrine (41.12 ⫾ 0.85 versus 23.86 ⫾ 0.76% TUNEL-positive myocytes with and without genistein, respectively, n ⫽ 12, P ⬍ .0 ...
... cardiac myocytes (10.03 ⫾ 0.71 versus 8.74 ⫾ 0.38% TUNELpositive myocytes, n ⫽ 5, NS). Myocyte pretreatment with 50 M genistein totally suppressed the protective effect of epinephrine (41.12 ⫾ 0.85 versus 23.86 ⫾ 0.76% TUNEL-positive myocytes with and without genistein, respectively, n ⫽ 12, P ⬍ .0 ...
Chapter 1 - Origin of Vertebrate Limb Muscle
... myoblasts, myocytes, and myofibers in the somite and in the limb express members of the MRF family of bHLH transcription factors. The MRFs consist of four proteins: Myf5, MyoD, Mrf4 (Myf6), and Myogenin. These factors were originally identified by their in vitro ability to convert 10T1/ 2 fibroblast ...
... myoblasts, myocytes, and myofibers in the somite and in the limb express members of the MRF family of bHLH transcription factors. The MRFs consist of four proteins: Myf5, MyoD, Mrf4 (Myf6), and Myogenin. These factors were originally identified by their in vitro ability to convert 10T1/ 2 fibroblast ...
Fibroblast growth factor during mesoderm induction
... formation of non-axial mesoderm in ectodermal animal caps of Xenopus blastula (Slack et al. 1987). The limited capacity of bFGF to induce muscle actin, which is the earliest marker for muscle differentiation (Gurdon, 1987), can be increased by transforming growth factor-/? (TGF-/3, Kimelman and Kirs ...
... formation of non-axial mesoderm in ectodermal animal caps of Xenopus blastula (Slack et al. 1987). The limited capacity of bFGF to induce muscle actin, which is the earliest marker for muscle differentiation (Gurdon, 1987), can be increased by transforming growth factor-/? (TGF-/3, Kimelman and Kirs ...
Text - Enlighten: Publications
... vti13 is evidence that the cell wall has gone through another reorganization, not a loss of specific constituents of the matrix. Our results also show that this methodology can also be used for studying wall mutant lines, especially those deficient in the synthesis of specific wall polymers. The xxt ...
... vti13 is evidence that the cell wall has gone through another reorganization, not a loss of specific constituents of the matrix. Our results also show that this methodology can also be used for studying wall mutant lines, especially those deficient in the synthesis of specific wall polymers. The xxt ...
Left-right axis determination - Izpisua Belmonte Lab
... The L–R axis is determined during embryonic development, after the two other primary body axes [anteroposterior (A-P) and dorsoventral (D-V)] have been established. In the last decade, pioneering studies showed that L–R axis determination is under genetic control.3 Subsequently, genetic cascades and ...
... The L–R axis is determined during embryonic development, after the two other primary body axes [anteroposterior (A-P) and dorsoventral (D-V)] have been established. In the last decade, pioneering studies showed that L–R axis determination is under genetic control.3 Subsequently, genetic cascades and ...
The role of ABA and MAPK signaling pathways in
... ABA into yeast and BY2 cells expressing AtBCG40 showed a timedependent increment, whereas ABA uptake into protoplasts of atabcg40 plants decreased when compared with control cells. The delay in ABA uptake in atabcg40 mutant correlated with the delayed expression of several ABA-inducible genes, indic ...
... ABA into yeast and BY2 cells expressing AtBCG40 showed a timedependent increment, whereas ABA uptake into protoplasts of atabcg40 plants decreased when compared with control cells. The delay in ABA uptake in atabcg40 mutant correlated with the delayed expression of several ABA-inducible genes, indic ...
5. Possible outcomes and significance
... differential amount of or activity of ABPs. However, the fact that declination of leaves in the double mutant abp1/abp4 was greater than in WT (Fig. 3), while ABP1 was not detected in the double mutant (Im et al. 2000) makes the role of ABPs and their cross-talk in leaf angle development puzzling. d ...
... differential amount of or activity of ABPs. However, the fact that declination of leaves in the double mutant abp1/abp4 was greater than in WT (Fig. 3), while ABP1 was not detected in the double mutant (Im et al. 2000) makes the role of ABPs and their cross-talk in leaf angle development puzzling. d ...
antoniadi_et_al._2015.
... et al., 2005), their biological importance remains to be fully ascertained. Genetic studies of both PUPs and ENTs are hampered by the large number of genes in each family and by the fact that the proteins appear also to transport non-CK purine molecules in addition to CKs. The ATP binding cassette t ...
... et al., 2005), their biological importance remains to be fully ascertained. Genetic studies of both PUPs and ENTs are hampered by the large number of genes in each family and by the fact that the proteins appear also to transport non-CK purine molecules in addition to CKs. The ATP binding cassette t ...
How and why does β-actin mRNA target?
... et al., 1994). The EF1α implicated in β-actin binding and bundling (Yang et al., 1990; Edmonds et al., 1995) is the translationally competent form of EF1α based on enzymic activity in vitro (Yang et al., 1993). EF1α associates with actin filaments in regions where β-actin mRNA is anchored in crawlin ...
... et al., 1994). The EF1α implicated in β-actin binding and bundling (Yang et al., 1990; Edmonds et al., 1995) is the translationally competent form of EF1α based on enzymic activity in vitro (Yang et al., 1993). EF1α associates with actin filaments in regions where β-actin mRNA is anchored in crawlin ...
Sorting of plant vacuolar proteins is initiated in the ER
... Transport of soluble cargo molecules to the lytic vacuole of plants requires vacuolar sorting receptors (VSRs) to divert transport of vacuolar cargo from the default secretory route to the cell surface. Just as important is the trafficking of the VSRs themselves, a process that encompasses anterogra ...
... Transport of soluble cargo molecules to the lytic vacuole of plants requires vacuolar sorting receptors (VSRs) to divert transport of vacuolar cargo from the default secretory route to the cell surface. Just as important is the trafficking of the VSRs themselves, a process that encompasses anterogra ...
Effects of the regulatory proteins MITF and TFEB on
... binding of mTORC1 to the lysosomal surface and the assembly of an active mTORC1 complex (Martina et al. 2012). 1.2.1 The role of TFEB In recent years, a new protein has been found to play a role in the regulation of autophagy. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a part of the basic Helix-Loop-Helix (b ...
... binding of mTORC1 to the lysosomal surface and the assembly of an active mTORC1 complex (Martina et al. 2012). 1.2.1 The role of TFEB In recent years, a new protein has been found to play a role in the regulation of autophagy. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a part of the basic Helix-Loop-Helix (b ...
Using monoclonal antibodies to label living root hairs: a novel tool
... vti13 is evidence that the cell wall has gone through another reorganization, not a loss of specific constituents of the matrix. Our results also show that this methodology can also be used for studying wall mutant lines, especially those deficient in the synthesis of specific wall polymers. The xxt ...
... vti13 is evidence that the cell wall has gone through another reorganization, not a loss of specific constituents of the matrix. Our results also show that this methodology can also be used for studying wall mutant lines, especially those deficient in the synthesis of specific wall polymers. The xxt ...