ANALYSIS OF A BACTERIAL SERINE/THREONINE KINASE
... in the late 1970s. Since that time several protein kinases have been characterized in this organism particularly those which are part of the canonical two-component system. Phosphorylation of protein and non-protein substrates plays an important role in Salmonella physiology governing chemotaxis, th ...
... in the late 1970s. Since that time several protein kinases have been characterized in this organism particularly those which are part of the canonical two-component system. Phosphorylation of protein and non-protein substrates plays an important role in Salmonella physiology governing chemotaxis, th ...
Plant development, auxin, and the subsystem
... called IAA-inhibitor-binding proteins perform a regulatory function in response to endogenous, naturally occurring substances, such as flavonoids. These proteins, which were originally described as NPA-binding proteins, are ATP-dependent transporters belonging to the phosphoglycoprotein B subclass of ...
... called IAA-inhibitor-binding proteins perform a regulatory function in response to endogenous, naturally occurring substances, such as flavonoids. These proteins, which were originally described as NPA-binding proteins, are ATP-dependent transporters belonging to the phosphoglycoprotein B subclass of ...
Progress in understanding the role of microtubules in plant cells
... extension in one direction (elongation) but it does not explain how walls expand laterally when microfibrils remain abundant and transversely oriented. I suggest that microtubule disorganization results in relatively short microfibrils or induces periodic weaknesses in cellulose chains. This allows ...
... extension in one direction (elongation) but it does not explain how walls expand laterally when microfibrils remain abundant and transversely oriented. I suggest that microtubule disorganization results in relatively short microfibrils or induces periodic weaknesses in cellulose chains. This allows ...
The role of mitochondria in aging
... ATP ratio that activates AMPK. In its turn, AMPK activates PGC-1α and increases mitochondrial metabolism and respiration rate, which consequently results in transient ROS production. The transient increase in ROS levels activates the expression of scavenging enzymes, e.g., SOD and catalase, resultin ...
... ATP ratio that activates AMPK. In its turn, AMPK activates PGC-1α and increases mitochondrial metabolism and respiration rate, which consequently results in transient ROS production. The transient increase in ROS levels activates the expression of scavenging enzymes, e.g., SOD and catalase, resultin ...
The cell walls of streptococci
... The methods developed by Salton (1953)made possible the study of the cell-wall composition as a relatively simple procedure and recent work by others has suggested that cell-wall composition may be of use in classifying streptococci (Roberts & Stewart, 1961 ; Slade & Slamp, 1962). As part of a gener ...
... The methods developed by Salton (1953)made possible the study of the cell-wall composition as a relatively simple procedure and recent work by others has suggested that cell-wall composition may be of use in classifying streptococci (Roberts & Stewart, 1961 ; Slade & Slamp, 1962). As part of a gener ...
Plant immune and growth receptors share common signalling
... also LRR-RKs (Aan den Toorn et al., 2015). Structural and biochemical analysis of FLS2- and BRI1SERK hetero-oligomers revealed that flg22 and BRs act as ‘molecular glues’ that stabilise or induce receptor complexes (Sun et al., 2013; She et al., 2011; Hothorn et al., 2011). Ligand binding additional ...
... also LRR-RKs (Aan den Toorn et al., 2015). Structural and biochemical analysis of FLS2- and BRI1SERK hetero-oligomers revealed that flg22 and BRs act as ‘molecular glues’ that stabilise or induce receptor complexes (Sun et al., 2013; She et al., 2011; Hothorn et al., 2011). Ligand binding additional ...
Distinct and collaborative roles of Drosophila EXT family proteins in
... together, these results suggest that both botv and sotv are segment-polarity genes, and are likely to be involved in Hh and/or Wg signalling. botv and sotv encode the Drosophila homologues of mammalian EXTL3 and EXT2, respectively, and are required for HS GAG biosynthesis botv and sotv were subseque ...
... together, these results suggest that both botv and sotv are segment-polarity genes, and are likely to be involved in Hh and/or Wg signalling. botv and sotv encode the Drosophila homologues of mammalian EXTL3 and EXT2, respectively, and are required for HS GAG biosynthesis botv and sotv were subseque ...
Auxin and the Communication Between Plant Cells
... grows continuously. This balance is kept by iterative patterning, whereby preexisting heterocysts suppress the differentiation of new heterocysts in a range of around ten cells. When, in consequence of cell divisions, the distance between them exceeds this threshold, a new heterocyst will differenti ...
... grows continuously. This balance is kept by iterative patterning, whereby preexisting heterocysts suppress the differentiation of new heterocysts in a range of around ten cells. When, in consequence of cell divisions, the distance between them exceeds this threshold, a new heterocyst will differenti ...
The humoral pattern recognition receptor PTX3 is stored in
... Members of the PTX superfamily are usually characterized by a pentameric structure and are highly conserved during evolution (3–6). This family is subdivided into two subclasses that depend on the length and structure of the molecules. The classical short PTXs C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyl ...
... Members of the PTX superfamily are usually characterized by a pentameric structure and are highly conserved during evolution (3–6). This family is subdivided into two subclasses that depend on the length and structure of the molecules. The classical short PTXs C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyl ...
Actin-based motility of endosomes is linked to the polar tip growth of
... uptake, cellular defence responses, and the termination of signaling pathways through internalization and down-regulation of activated receptor-ligand complexes. More recent evidence reveals that endosomes are involved in signaling, transcytosis and synaptic cell-tocell communication (Sorkin and von ...
... uptake, cellular defence responses, and the termination of signaling pathways through internalization and down-regulation of activated receptor-ligand complexes. More recent evidence reveals that endosomes are involved in signaling, transcytosis and synaptic cell-tocell communication (Sorkin and von ...
Caveolae as potential macromolecule trafficking
... non-coated plasma membrane vesicles or invaginations within the alveolar epithelial type I cell has long been recognised. The putative function of these vesicles in macromolecule transport remains the focus of research in both pulmonary physiology and pharmaceutical science disciplines. These vesicl ...
... non-coated plasma membrane vesicles or invaginations within the alveolar epithelial type I cell has long been recognised. The putative function of these vesicles in macromolecule transport remains the focus of research in both pulmonary physiology and pharmaceutical science disciplines. These vesicl ...
distribution of microtubules in the golgi apparatus of euglena gracilis
... cannot be seen in most electron-microscopical preparations and cannot be selectively extracted, nor recognized when isolated. Moreover, constituents like intercisternal fibres (Mollenhauer, 1965; Turner & Whaley, 1965) and bonding plaques (Mollenhauer & Morre, 1973), have so far been demonstrated on ...
... cannot be seen in most electron-microscopical preparations and cannot be selectively extracted, nor recognized when isolated. Moreover, constituents like intercisternal fibres (Mollenhauer, 1965; Turner & Whaley, 1965) and bonding plaques (Mollenhauer & Morre, 1973), have so far been demonstrated on ...
Distinct Roles of PDE4 and PDE10A in the Regulation of cAMP/PKA
... Japan, and 7Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York 10032 ...
... Japan, and 7Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York 10032 ...
The Rhopalosiphum padi virus 59 internal ribosome entry site is
... virus (RhPV) is a member of the Dicistroviridae. These viruses have single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genomes that contain two open reading frames, both preceded by IRES elements. Previously, the activity of the RhPV 59 UTR IRES has been demonstrated in mammalian, Drosophila and wheat germ in vitr ...
... virus (RhPV) is a member of the Dicistroviridae. These viruses have single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genomes that contain two open reading frames, both preceded by IRES elements. Previously, the activity of the RhPV 59 UTR IRES has been demonstrated in mammalian, Drosophila and wheat germ in vitr ...
Reduce Formation of SLP-76 Linker of Activated T Cells and SLP
... a 25- to 34-kDa myristoylated accessory protein encoded by HIV1, HIV-2, and SIV. Ex vivo, Nef enhances the single-round infectivity of virus particles and moderately accelerates virus spread over multiple rounds (17). In vivo, Nef strongly boosts virus replication particularly during primary infecti ...
... a 25- to 34-kDa myristoylated accessory protein encoded by HIV1, HIV-2, and SIV. Ex vivo, Nef enhances the single-round infectivity of virus particles and moderately accelerates virus spread over multiple rounds (17). In vivo, Nef strongly boosts virus replication particularly during primary infecti ...
Lymphatic vessels and tertiary lymphoid organs
... the idea that they can serve to transport CCR7 + DCs and lymphocytes. Indeed, there are several examples of CCL21 expression by TLO-associated LVs in humans with RA, Crohn’s disease, Sjögren’s syndrome, lichen planus (50), and chronic allograft rejection (51) and in the TLOs of pancreatic infiltrate ...
... the idea that they can serve to transport CCR7 + DCs and lymphocytes. Indeed, there are several examples of CCL21 expression by TLO-associated LVs in humans with RA, Crohn’s disease, Sjögren’s syndrome, lichen planus (50), and chronic allograft rejection (51) and in the TLOs of pancreatic infiltrate ...
CURRICULUM VITAE
... J.Virol.Meth. 1990,27:277. 27. Consales CA, Mendonça RZ, Lucchiari MA, Vassão RC, Pereira CA. - The macrophage action on rabies virus infection in genetically selected high and low antibody responder lines of mice. Res. Virol. 1990, 141:57. 28. Braunwald J, Nonnenmacher CA, Pereira CA, Kirn A. - Inc ...
... J.Virol.Meth. 1990,27:277. 27. Consales CA, Mendonça RZ, Lucchiari MA, Vassão RC, Pereira CA. - The macrophage action on rabies virus infection in genetically selected high and low antibody responder lines of mice. Res. Virol. 1990, 141:57. 28. Braunwald J, Nonnenmacher CA, Pereira CA, Kirn A. - Inc ...
Nodal mutant eXtraembryonic ENdoderm (XEN
... unknown genotype were isolated at 3.5 dpc, and XEN cell lines were derived according to a previously published protocol (Artus et al., 2010) (Fig. 1A). The genotype of individual XEN cell lines was confirmed by PCR after isolation and expansion, using primers specific for either Nodal or LacZ, which ...
... unknown genotype were isolated at 3.5 dpc, and XEN cell lines were derived according to a previously published protocol (Artus et al., 2010) (Fig. 1A). The genotype of individual XEN cell lines was confirmed by PCR after isolation and expansion, using primers specific for either Nodal or LacZ, which ...
Protein kinase Ca activation by RET: evidence for a negative
... and GFRa4) gives different ligands the specificity of binding to RET-GFRa complex. The GFRa receptors are linked to the cell membrane via glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchors. This signaling complex is essential for the development of the kidney and some structures of central and peripheral ne ...
... and GFRa4) gives different ligands the specificity of binding to RET-GFRa complex. The GFRa receptors are linked to the cell membrane via glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchors. This signaling complex is essential for the development of the kidney and some structures of central and peripheral ne ...
MEF2 responds to multiple calciumregulated signals in the control of
... animals, however, specialized myo®ber phenotypes are highly plastic, and are subject to physiological control by variations in motor neuron activity (Vrbova, 1963; Williams et al., 1986; Pette and Staron, 1997). Speci®cally, a sustained, tonic pattern of motor nerve ®ring directs myo®bers to the slo ...
... animals, however, specialized myo®ber phenotypes are highly plastic, and are subject to physiological control by variations in motor neuron activity (Vrbova, 1963; Williams et al., 1986; Pette and Staron, 1997). Speci®cally, a sustained, tonic pattern of motor nerve ®ring directs myo®bers to the slo ...
Connecting muscles to tendons - Development
... Tendon determination: autonomous versus non-autonomous induction The precise connectivity between muscles, tendons and bones is crucial for optimal locomotion of the organism, yet the pathways involved in this process are poorly understood. Several mechanisms could underlie the accurate connectivity ...
... Tendon determination: autonomous versus non-autonomous induction The precise connectivity between muscles, tendons and bones is crucial for optimal locomotion of the organism, yet the pathways involved in this process are poorly understood. Several mechanisms could underlie the accurate connectivity ...