Theme 1 Molecules, Cells and the Basis for Disease
... 26.1 A cellular approach to understand congenital eye malformations .................................................... 28 27.1 Using human iPS cells to identify genetic variants that influence cellular differentiation ............... 29 28.1 Mef2 role in control of striated muscle growth a ...
... 26.1 A cellular approach to understand congenital eye malformations .................................................... 28 27.1 Using human iPS cells to identify genetic variants that influence cellular differentiation ............... 29 28.1 Mef2 role in control of striated muscle growth a ...
Hypoosmotic shock adaptation by prolactin involves upregulation of
... package (version 10.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test was used to compare differences in the data (P B 0.05). Values are expressed as means9SD. ...
... package (version 10.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test was used to compare differences in the data (P B 0.05). Values are expressed as means9SD. ...
Lipid modulation of skeletal muscle mass and function
... target of Akt is glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) which becomes phosphorylated and inhibited by active Akt. Repression of GSK3 acts to relieve its inhibition of the initiation factor eIF2B, leading to increased protein synthesis.25 In addition, Akt also phosphorylates and inhibits the Forkhead bo ...
... target of Akt is glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) which becomes phosphorylated and inhibited by active Akt. Repression of GSK3 acts to relieve its inhibition of the initiation factor eIF2B, leading to increased protein synthesis.25 In addition, Akt also phosphorylates and inhibits the Forkhead bo ...
ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF NFκB
... Salivary gland cells are destroyed via autophagy during metamorphosis. This project sought to determine what, if any, role the NFκB transcription factors have in autophagic cell death. Using the Drosophila model, it was determined that a loss of AMP activity during metamorphosis results in a failure ...
... Salivary gland cells are destroyed via autophagy during metamorphosis. This project sought to determine what, if any, role the NFκB transcription factors have in autophagic cell death. Using the Drosophila model, it was determined that a loss of AMP activity during metamorphosis results in a failure ...
Coers, J, Bernstein-Hanley, I, Grotsky, D
... carry the 129 alleles of Irgm2 and Irgb10 (data not shown). Irga6⫺/⫺ mice have also been described previously (25) and were generated in B6-derived (Bruce4) embryonic stem cells. The third exon encoding the whole open reading frame of Irga6 was flanked by LoxP sites and deleted in vivo by crossing t ...
... carry the 129 alleles of Irgm2 and Irgb10 (data not shown). Irga6⫺/⫺ mice have also been described previously (25) and were generated in B6-derived (Bruce4) embryonic stem cells. The third exon encoding the whole open reading frame of Irga6 was flanked by LoxP sites and deleted in vivo by crossing t ...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay - Case Western Reserve University
... followed by 30 -to-50 degradation and/or decapping and 50 -to-30 degradation. In yeast, NMD triggers rapid deadenylation, removes the inhibition of decapping by the poly(A) tail, and accelerates the rate of decapping [47!,59]. These events result in the mRNA being degraded primarily by rapid deadeny ...
... followed by 30 -to-50 degradation and/or decapping and 50 -to-30 degradation. In yeast, NMD triggers rapid deadenylation, removes the inhibition of decapping by the poly(A) tail, and accelerates the rate of decapping [47!,59]. These events result in the mRNA being degraded primarily by rapid deadeny ...
PDF - Bezanilla Lab
... The Hxk2 hexokinase is needed for inhibiting Snf1 by glucose, but details of its involvement are not clear. There is some evidence that similar systems may exist in plants and P. patens provides excellent material to advance these studies (113). Two Snf-related genes, Snf1a and Snf1b, have been clon ...
... The Hxk2 hexokinase is needed for inhibiting Snf1 by glucose, but details of its involvement are not clear. There is some evidence that similar systems may exist in plants and P. patens provides excellent material to advance these studies (113). Two Snf-related genes, Snf1a and Snf1b, have been clon ...
FOXO1 Plays an Essential Role in Apoptosis of Retinal
... siRNA-B had a partial effect and scrambled siRNA was not able to decrease FOXO1 DNA-binding activity (Figure 3A). To further investigate the functional role of FOXO1 activity on TNF-α- or CML-collagen-induced apoptosis, we measured pericyte apoptosis in the presence of different siRNAs. In the absen ...
... siRNA-B had a partial effect and scrambled siRNA was not able to decrease FOXO1 DNA-binding activity (Figure 3A). To further investigate the functional role of FOXO1 activity on TNF-α- or CML-collagen-induced apoptosis, we measured pericyte apoptosis in the presence of different siRNAs. In the absen ...
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1
... ERK activation by MEK is also dispensable in a cell free assay in which mitotic cytosol is used to cause disassembly of purified Golgi stacks (Lowe et al., 1998). Although it may be that these tests failed to inhibit a novel MEK1 activity (Colanzi et al., 2000), another explanation is that MEK1 faci ...
... ERK activation by MEK is also dispensable in a cell free assay in which mitotic cytosol is used to cause disassembly of purified Golgi stacks (Lowe et al., 1998). Although it may be that these tests failed to inhibit a novel MEK1 activity (Colanzi et al., 2000), another explanation is that MEK1 faci ...
Calcium regulates ricin transport to the Golgi apparatus
... 37°C in the same buffer. The cells were then loaded with fluorescent calcium indicators by incubation with buffer containing Fluo-3 AMester (5 µM) and Fura Red AM-ester (50 µM) for 1 hour at room temperature in the absence or presence of thapsigargin or A23187 (a ten times lower concentration of Flu ...
... 37°C in the same buffer. The cells were then loaded with fluorescent calcium indicators by incubation with buffer containing Fluo-3 AMester (5 µM) and Fura Red AM-ester (50 µM) for 1 hour at room temperature in the absence or presence of thapsigargin or A23187 (a ten times lower concentration of Flu ...
regionally specific induction by the spemann
... important test for the triple-inhibition model is to demonstrate for each growth-factor class that its inhibition is required in vivo for head structures to form. This test has been met most prominently for Wnt signalling and in three species — X. laevis, zebrafish and mouse (FIG. 3). Furthermore, i ...
... important test for the triple-inhibition model is to demonstrate for each growth-factor class that its inhibition is required in vivo for head structures to form. This test has been met most prominently for Wnt signalling and in three species — X. laevis, zebrafish and mouse (FIG. 3). Furthermore, i ...
COWDRIA RUMINANTIUMIN PROTECTIVE ROLE OF LYT -2+ T CELLS J .
... oxytetracycline2 as early as Day 8 and again on Day 10. They were subsequently re-infected with the same inoculum 30 days after the last treatment. No additional treatment was necessary. Thirty days after re-infection, cells were prepared from the donor immune mice for transfer and depletion of T ce ...
... oxytetracycline2 as early as Day 8 and again on Day 10. They were subsequently re-infected with the same inoculum 30 days after the last treatment. No additional treatment was necessary. Thirty days after re-infection, cells were prepared from the donor immune mice for transfer and depletion of T ce ...
The Type B Phosphatidylinositol-4-Phosphate 5
... To identify the physiological role of the PIP5K3 gene, a loss-offunction approach was pursued. A search of the Salk Institute Genomic Analysis Laboratory collection for T-DNA mutants of the PIP5K3 gene locus (At2g26420) identified several independent T-DNA insertions (Figure 3A) that were screened f ...
... To identify the physiological role of the PIP5K3 gene, a loss-offunction approach was pursued. A search of the Salk Institute Genomic Analysis Laboratory collection for T-DNA mutants of the PIP5K3 gene locus (At2g26420) identified several independent T-DNA insertions (Figure 3A) that were screened f ...
Complement-dependent immune complex-induced - AJP-Lung
... was sealed, and readings were monitored by computer. Because the box was a closed system, a change in lung volume was represented by a change in box pressure (Pbox) that was measured by a differential transducer. The system was calibrated with a syringe that delivered a known volume of 2 ml. A secon ...
... was sealed, and readings were monitored by computer. Because the box was a closed system, a change in lung volume was represented by a change in box pressure (Pbox) that was measured by a differential transducer. The system was calibrated with a syringe that delivered a known volume of 2 ml. A secon ...
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of sex differences in renal
... while it caused a rapid and sustained rise in JNK phosphorylation. These rapid effects of estrogen are thought to occur through the nongenomic action of sex steroids. Kousteni et al. [50] have described these nongenomic actions in the bone. They showed that estrogen through ...
... while it caused a rapid and sustained rise in JNK phosphorylation. These rapid effects of estrogen are thought to occur through the nongenomic action of sex steroids. Kousteni et al. [50] have described these nongenomic actions in the bone. They showed that estrogen through ...
Biochemical Journal
... of nuclear factor κB) kinase; IL, interleukin; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; JIP, JNK-interacting protein; JLP, JNK-associated leucine zipper protein; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MAP2K, MAPK kinase; MAP3K, MAP2K kinase; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; ...
... of nuclear factor κB) kinase; IL, interleukin; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; JIP, JNK-interacting protein; JLP, JNK-associated leucine zipper protein; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MAP2K, MAPK kinase; MAP3K, MAP2K kinase; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; ...
Misregulation of autophagy and protein degradation systems in
... finally, an inhibition of the autophagic flux that impacts on endosome trafficking and on maturation or delivery of GAA (Malicdan and Nishino, 2012; Malicdan et al., 2008; Nascimbeni et al., 2012a; Nascimbeni et al., 2012b; Raben et al., 2008). The precise contribution of each of these mechanisms in ...
... finally, an inhibition of the autophagic flux that impacts on endosome trafficking and on maturation or delivery of GAA (Malicdan and Nishino, 2012; Malicdan et al., 2008; Nascimbeni et al., 2012a; Nascimbeni et al., 2012b; Raben et al., 2008). The precise contribution of each of these mechanisms in ...
The neutrophil in vascular inflammation
... allows a neutrophil to find an endothelial junction in the shortest period of time. This inherent response to shear might be important for rapid transmigration, as neutrophils have been shown to preferentially transmigrate through junctions5–11 unless crawling was specifically inhibited5. In CD11b-d ...
... allows a neutrophil to find an endothelial junction in the shortest period of time. This inherent response to shear might be important for rapid transmigration, as neutrophils have been shown to preferentially transmigrate through junctions5–11 unless crawling was specifically inhibited5. In CD11b-d ...
The Role of the Arabidopsis ELD1 Gene in Cell
... processes: division, growth, and differentiation. Changes in cell division and cell growth processes or their control affect the growth and differentiation of the entire plant. Plants with altered cell division and growth often display abnormal morphology and alterations in organogenesis and interna ...
... processes: division, growth, and differentiation. Changes in cell division and cell growth processes or their control affect the growth and differentiation of the entire plant. Plants with altered cell division and growth often display abnormal morphology and alterations in organogenesis and interna ...
Cellular Biology - Circulation Research
... overexpressing cardiomyocytes were in S phase compared to 8% infected with a LacZ control virus (Figure 2A). The efficiency of cyclinG1 to induce S-phase entry was similar to E2F2 (29% cardiomyocytes in S phase), which was used as a positive control. We also wanted to know whether and to what extent ...
... overexpressing cardiomyocytes were in S phase compared to 8% infected with a LacZ control virus (Figure 2A). The efficiency of cyclinG1 to induce S-phase entry was similar to E2F2 (29% cardiomyocytes in S phase), which was used as a positive control. We also wanted to know whether and to what extent ...