Receptor Fragments: Intracellular Signaling and
... An intracellular fragment is also produced from the GPCR, D-frizzled 2, a post-synaptic protein which interacts with the presynaptic protein, “wingless”. Following endosome internalization, the cytoplasmic domain is cleaved and translocated to the nucleus where it is involved in transcriptional even ...
... An intracellular fragment is also produced from the GPCR, D-frizzled 2, a post-synaptic protein which interacts with the presynaptic protein, “wingless”. Following endosome internalization, the cytoplasmic domain is cleaved and translocated to the nucleus where it is involved in transcriptional even ...
Gram stain reagents - Bakersfield College
... disrupting them. In this class we will use an electric fixing tray that will dry and fix the smears in one step. Slides must be completely dry and fixed before staining, or they will wash off. Note - Smears made from a broth look shiny even when they are dry. ...
... disrupting them. In this class we will use an electric fixing tray that will dry and fix the smears in one step. Slides must be completely dry and fixed before staining, or they will wash off. Note - Smears made from a broth look shiny even when they are dry. ...
Effects of natural antimicrobials on bacterial cell hydrophobicity
... rosmarinic acid substantially decreased adhesion, whereas the effect of epigallocatechin gallate was neglectful. Similar results were found for the zeta potential, indicating that natural antimicrobials reduce bacterial adhesion. Targeting bacterial adhesion using natural extracts we can eliminate p ...
... rosmarinic acid substantially decreased adhesion, whereas the effect of epigallocatechin gallate was neglectful. Similar results were found for the zeta potential, indicating that natural antimicrobials reduce bacterial adhesion. Targeting bacterial adhesion using natural extracts we can eliminate p ...
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
... unlikely to be an energetically efficient strategy for killing algal cells suspended in seawater, based on the calculated volume/ volume ratio of bacterial cells/seawater of 1027 (Azam, Smith, and Carlucci 1992). However, this approach may be efficient in low-diffusion microhabitats, such as marine ...
... unlikely to be an energetically efficient strategy for killing algal cells suspended in seawater, based on the calculated volume/ volume ratio of bacterial cells/seawater of 1027 (Azam, Smith, and Carlucci 1992). However, this approach may be efficient in low-diffusion microhabitats, such as marine ...
Hormones & Chemical Messengers
... nervous system (ANS) – Also binds muscarine (a mushroom toxin) that • Mimics Ach (agonistic action) and can cause a severe parasympathomimetic to the point of death ...
... nervous system (ANS) – Also binds muscarine (a mushroom toxin) that • Mimics Ach (agonistic action) and can cause a severe parasympathomimetic to the point of death ...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exolysin promotes - HAL
... Exolysin (ExlA) is a recently-identified pore-forming toxin secreted by a subset of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains identified worldwide and devoid of Type III secretion system (T3SS), a major virulence factor. Here, we characterized at the ultrastructural level the lesions caused by an ExlA-secretin ...
... Exolysin (ExlA) is a recently-identified pore-forming toxin secreted by a subset of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains identified worldwide and devoid of Type III secretion system (T3SS), a major virulence factor. Here, we characterized at the ultrastructural level the lesions caused by an ExlA-secretin ...
Measuring the mechanics of biofilms at multiple lengthscales
... these biofilms from bulk measurements taken by an oscillatory rheometer15 (see Figure 2). Rheometers are either strain- or stress-controlled. A strain-controlled rheometer applies an oscillatory shear strain, D 0 sin.!t), and the stress response of the material D 0 sin.!t C ı/ D 0 [G0 sin.!t/ ...
... these biofilms from bulk measurements taken by an oscillatory rheometer15 (see Figure 2). Rheometers are either strain- or stress-controlled. A strain-controlled rheometer applies an oscillatory shear strain, D 0 sin.!t), and the stress response of the material D 0 sin.!t C ı/ D 0 [G0 sin.!t/ ...
Intercellular signalling and the multiplication of prokaryotes
... the Grampositives with the exception of the butanolides of streptomycetes tend to use proteins and polypetides as their signals (Greenberg, et al., 1996; Kell, et al., 1995; Kleerebezem, et al., 1997). The important properties of such molecules in this context, which discriminates them from ...
... the Grampositives with the exception of the butanolides of streptomycetes tend to use proteins and polypetides as their signals (Greenberg, et al., 1996; Kell, et al., 1995; Kleerebezem, et al., 1997). The important properties of such molecules in this context, which discriminates them from ...
Mechanisms associated with phagocytosis of
... Abstract Acanthamoeba castellanii is a free-living amoeba widely found in environmental matrices such as soil and water. Arcobacter butzleri is an emerging potential zoonotic pathogen that can be isolated from environmental water sources, where they can establish endosymbiotic relationships with amo ...
... Abstract Acanthamoeba castellanii is a free-living amoeba widely found in environmental matrices such as soil and water. Arcobacter butzleri is an emerging potential zoonotic pathogen that can be isolated from environmental water sources, where they can establish endosymbiotic relationships with amo ...
Sample
... Lysosomes fuse with an ingested vesicle so that their enzymes can perform intracellular digestion. ...
... Lysosomes fuse with an ingested vesicle so that their enzymes can perform intracellular digestion. ...
Powdered versus liquid bacterial preparations
... an average temperature of 15 ° C the life of the bacteria in a closed bottle is about 5 to 7 months. In the past, people often assumed that these classical nitrifying bacteria where the only bacteria that determined the quality of pond water . Today we have to note and except however, the fact that ...
... an average temperature of 15 ° C the life of the bacteria in a closed bottle is about 5 to 7 months. In the past, people often assumed that these classical nitrifying bacteria where the only bacteria that determined the quality of pond water . Today we have to note and except however, the fact that ...
Variations of bacterial-specific activity with cell size and nucleic acid
... ABSTRACT: In most aquatic bacterial communities, it is possible to discriminate bacterial cells with a high nucleic acid content (HNA) from those with a low nucleic acid content (LNA) by flow cytometry. The distribution of leucine incorporation rate per cell (specific activity) within the fraction o ...
... ABSTRACT: In most aquatic bacterial communities, it is possible to discriminate bacterial cells with a high nucleic acid content (HNA) from those with a low nucleic acid content (LNA) by flow cytometry. The distribution of leucine incorporation rate per cell (specific activity) within the fraction o ...
Innate host defense mechanisms of fish against viruses and bacteria
... damaged. If a microbe gains access to the tissues of the ®sh, it is met with an array of soluble and cellular defenses. The complement system, present in the blood plasma, plays a central role in recognising bacteria and its activated products may lyse the bacterial cells, initiate in¯ammation, indu ...
... damaged. If a microbe gains access to the tissues of the ®sh, it is met with an array of soluble and cellular defenses. The complement system, present in the blood plasma, plays a central role in recognising bacteria and its activated products may lyse the bacterial cells, initiate in¯ammation, indu ...
Pharmacological Characterization and Identification of Amino Acids
... Received March 7, 2003; accepted June 13, 2003 ...
... Received March 7, 2003; accepted June 13, 2003 ...
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS)
... lactones (AHLs)[2,3]. To date, about six different quorum sensing pathways have been identified; hence different bacteria use different pathways and autoinducers for their community behaviours. The gram negative bacteria use AHLs and gram positive bacteria use autoinducing peptides (AIPs) as signali ...
... lactones (AHLs)[2,3]. To date, about six different quorum sensing pathways have been identified; hence different bacteria use different pathways and autoinducers for their community behaviours. The gram negative bacteria use AHLs and gram positive bacteria use autoinducing peptides (AIPs) as signali ...
magnetosome formation in prokaryotes
... Bacteria from northern-hemisphere sites swim preferentially parallel to the magnetic field, which corresponds to a northward migration in the geomagnetic field; these bacteria are known as north-seeking (NS)1. Bacteria from southern-hemisphere sites swim preferentially anti-parallel to the magnetic ...
... Bacteria from northern-hemisphere sites swim preferentially parallel to the magnetic field, which corresponds to a northward migration in the geomagnetic field; these bacteria are known as north-seeking (NS)1. Bacteria from southern-hemisphere sites swim preferentially anti-parallel to the magnetic ...
Roseicyclus mahoneyensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic
... novel lineage. As bootstrap values are at this level very low, the branching point may change when novel sequences are included. The phylogenetic distance between ML6T and ML42 (96?9 %) is like that which is generally found for well-separated species. However, physiological differences clearly place ...
... novel lineage. As bootstrap values are at this level very low, the branching point may change when novel sequences are included. The phylogenetic distance between ML6T and ML42 (96?9 %) is like that which is generally found for well-separated species. However, physiological differences clearly place ...
Effect of Natural Sunlight on Bacterial Activity and Differential
... propidium iodide and SYBR green I. In contrast, a significant inhibition of heterotrophic bacterial activity was detected, measured by 5-cyano-2,3 ditolyl tetrazolium chloride reduction and leucine incorporation. We applied microautoradiography combined with catalyzed reporter deposition-fluorescenc ...
... propidium iodide and SYBR green I. In contrast, a significant inhibition of heterotrophic bacterial activity was detected, measured by 5-cyano-2,3 ditolyl tetrazolium chloride reduction and leucine incorporation. We applied microautoradiography combined with catalyzed reporter deposition-fluorescenc ...
Proteobacteria as the Origin of Eukaryotes: The Syntrophic Hypothesis
... 1991). Among other mechanistic difficulties, this hypothesis fails to explain the origin of the nuclear membrane. A previous model attempting to overcome this problem had already been proposed by Cavalier-Smith, suggesting that the origin of this structure was the fusion of cytoplasmic cisternae (Ca ...
... 1991). Among other mechanistic difficulties, this hypothesis fails to explain the origin of the nuclear membrane. A previous model attempting to overcome this problem had already been proposed by Cavalier-Smith, suggesting that the origin of this structure was the fusion of cytoplasmic cisternae (Ca ...
Staining and Bacterial Cell Morphology
... have a positively charged chromophore and high affinity for negatively charged cellular components. Since bacteria carry a net negative charge at pH 7, such dyes can be used to stain the cells directly. Some examples of cationic dyes are crystal violet, safranin, methylene blue and basic fuchsin. Th ...
... have a positively charged chromophore and high affinity for negatively charged cellular components. Since bacteria carry a net negative charge at pH 7, such dyes can be used to stain the cells directly. Some examples of cationic dyes are crystal violet, safranin, methylene blue and basic fuchsin. Th ...
Isolation of obligately alkaliphilic magnetotactic bacteria from
... were present in all the highly alkaline sites sampled. Three strains from different sites were isolated and cultured and grew optimally at pH 9.0–9.5 but not at 8.0 and below, demonstrating that these organisms truly require highly alkaline conditions and are not simply surviving/growing in neutral ...
... were present in all the highly alkaline sites sampled. Three strains from different sites were isolated and cultured and grew optimally at pH 9.0–9.5 but not at 8.0 and below, demonstrating that these organisms truly require highly alkaline conditions and are not simply surviving/growing in neutral ...
Cell Structure and Function Chapter 4 Outline Cell Theory Cell Size
... Cell theory states all organisms are composed of cells and that cells come only from preexisting cells. – One of unifying concepts of biology. ...
... Cell theory states all organisms are composed of cells and that cells come only from preexisting cells. – One of unifying concepts of biology. ...
Culturability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cells isolated from
... Keywords : Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Macrophages; Non-culturability ; Resuscitation; Growth factor; Phage ...
... Keywords : Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Macrophages; Non-culturability ; Resuscitation; Growth factor; Phage ...
PPT - Yavapai College
... Fermentation is oxygen-free respiration where organic molecules are ultimate electron acceptor. Many groups of bacteria are fermenters. ...
... Fermentation is oxygen-free respiration where organic molecules are ultimate electron acceptor. Many groups of bacteria are fermenters. ...
Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis (from chemo- + taxis) is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. Somatic cells, bacteria, and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. This is important for bacteria to find food (e.g., glucose) by swimming toward the highest concentration of food molecules, or to flee from poisons (e.g., phenol). In multicellular organisms, chemotaxis is critical to early development (e.g., movement of sperm towards the egg during fertilization) and subsequent phases of development (e.g., migration of neurons or lymphocytes) as well as in normal function. In addition, it has been recognized that mechanisms that allow chemotaxis in animals can be subverted during cancer metastasis.Positive chemotaxis occurs if the movement is toward a higher concentration of the chemical in question; negative chemotaxis if the movement is in the opposite direction. Chemically prompted kinesis (randomly directed or nondirectional) can be called chemokinesis.