Physiology and morphology of Legionella
... the method of Findlay & White (1983). Briefly, 0.5 g lyophilized cells were placed in a cellulose thimble (Whatman) and extracted with chloroform for several hours in a Soxhlet apparatus. After cooling, the extract was transferred to a 100 ml flask and the chloroform removed by rotary evaporation, T ...
... the method of Findlay & White (1983). Briefly, 0.5 g lyophilized cells were placed in a cellulose thimble (Whatman) and extracted with chloroform for several hours in a Soxhlet apparatus. After cooling, the extract was transferred to a 100 ml flask and the chloroform removed by rotary evaporation, T ...
Archives of Microbiology
... process, i.e., s o m e are s y n t h e s i z e d transiently early during the starvation response, while others occur for e x t e n d e d p e r i o d s later in the r e s p o n s e ( G r o a t et al. 1986). Starvation is one o f the e n v i r o n m e n t a l stresses that induce nonculturable bacter ...
... process, i.e., s o m e are s y n t h e s i z e d transiently early during the starvation response, while others occur for e x t e n d e d p e r i o d s later in the r e s p o n s e ( G r o a t et al. 1986). Starvation is one o f the e n v i r o n m e n t a l stresses that induce nonculturable bacter ...
Staphylococcal phenomics: metabolomic and proteomic responses
... The growth and the survivability of bacterial cells under both normal and harsh conditions are mainly dependent on the ability of the bacteria to maintain a proper conformation of proteins which is important for their function [21]. Since it has been proposed that as certain environmental stressors ...
... The growth and the survivability of bacterial cells under both normal and harsh conditions are mainly dependent on the ability of the bacteria to maintain a proper conformation of proteins which is important for their function [21]. Since it has been proposed that as certain environmental stressors ...
Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Delivery System for
... OMVs are spherical structures that pinch off from the cell surface and enclose a broad range of molecules such as lipoproteins, phospholipids, and LPS, which are distributed in the outer membrane. Therefore, in principle, the outer membrane becomes dissociated from the underlying peptidoglycans and ...
... OMVs are spherical structures that pinch off from the cell surface and enclose a broad range of molecules such as lipoproteins, phospholipids, and LPS, which are distributed in the outer membrane. Therefore, in principle, the outer membrane becomes dissociated from the underlying peptidoglycans and ...
Chemical–Biological Studies of Subcellular Organization in Bacteria
... molecules cinnamaldehyde and curcumin, which have been described as FtsZ inhibitors.32,33 Both molecules contain a reactive aromatic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group that may react with nucleophilic amino acid side chains of proteins via Michael addition reactions. Several studies have demonstrated th ...
... molecules cinnamaldehyde and curcumin, which have been described as FtsZ inhibitors.32,33 Both molecules contain a reactive aromatic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group that may react with nucleophilic amino acid side chains of proteins via Michael addition reactions. Several studies have demonstrated th ...
FEMS Microbiology Ecology
... abundance of the isolates in situ was known. The MPN technique for rhizoplane specimens was described previously [8]. Methanotrophs were grown in nitrate mineral salts medium containing (in grams per liter) KNO3 , 1.0; KH2 PO4 , 0.54; Mg2 SO4 W7H2 O, 0.2; CaCl2 W2 H2 O, 0.015 (Mg2 SO4 and CaCl2 were ...
... abundance of the isolates in situ was known. The MPN technique for rhizoplane specimens was described previously [8]. Methanotrophs were grown in nitrate mineral salts medium containing (in grams per liter) KNO3 , 1.0; KH2 PO4 , 0.54; Mg2 SO4 W7H2 O, 0.2; CaCl2 W2 H2 O, 0.015 (Mg2 SO4 and CaCl2 were ...
Patterns of pathogenesis: discrimination of pathogenic and nonpathogenic microbes by the innate immune system.
... defense responses. In contrast to the damage-based models, in which generic cellular injury initiates immune responses, the Guard Hypothesis focuses immune responsiveness on the specific disruptions caused by pathogens. It remains unclear whether mammalian cells utilize a similar ‘‘guard’’ strategy. ...
... defense responses. In contrast to the damage-based models, in which generic cellular injury initiates immune responses, the Guard Hypothesis focuses immune responsiveness on the specific disruptions caused by pathogens. It remains unclear whether mammalian cells utilize a similar ‘‘guard’’ strategy. ...
predation on prokaryotes in the water column and its ecological
... (resource limitation), a negative correlation between bacterial-specific growth rates and abundance is predicted. By contrast, if bacterial abundance and specific growth rates are unrelated, predator control is assumed. b | The empirical model proposed by Gasol68 reflects the observation that bacter ...
... (resource limitation), a negative correlation between bacterial-specific growth rates and abundance is predicted. By contrast, if bacterial abundance and specific growth rates are unrelated, predator control is assumed. b | The empirical model proposed by Gasol68 reflects the observation that bacter ...
Chlamydomonas IFT 88 and Its Mouse Homologue, Polycystic
... from ⵑ400 insertional mutants having behavioral or motility defects and was screened by Southern blotting using a fragment of IFT88 genomic DNA as a probe. One cell line (V79) was identified that had an insertion in the IFT88 gene (Fig. 2 a). The fact that the single hybridizing band in wild-type ce ...
... from ⵑ400 insertional mutants having behavioral or motility defects and was screened by Southern blotting using a fragment of IFT88 genomic DNA as a probe. One cell line (V79) was identified that had an insertion in the IFT88 gene (Fig. 2 a). The fact that the single hybridizing band in wild-type ce ...
Presence of exposed phospholipids in the outer membrane of Vibrio
... Several studies indicate the atypical nature of the cell surface of Vibrio cholerae 569B. While cholera toxin synthesized by Escherichiu coli remained intracellular, the E. coli enterotoxin synthesized in V. choferae was excreted (Neil1 et al., 1983). Furthermore, Vibrio cells are highly sensitive t ...
... Several studies indicate the atypical nature of the cell surface of Vibrio cholerae 569B. While cholera toxin synthesized by Escherichiu coli remained intracellular, the E. coli enterotoxin synthesized in V. choferae was excreted (Neil1 et al., 1983). Furthermore, Vibrio cells are highly sensitive t ...
KIR2DS1-Positive NK Cells Mediate Alloresponse against the C2
... classical HLA class I molecule HLA-E (reviewed in Refs. 1 and (4). The inhibitory receptor LILRB1 (ILT2/LIR1) of the LILR family is expressed on NK cells and has ligand specificity for a broad range of HLA class I molecules (5). There are, however, four inhibitory KIRs that have ligand specificity f ...
... classical HLA class I molecule HLA-E (reviewed in Refs. 1 and (4). The inhibitory receptor LILRB1 (ILT2/LIR1) of the LILR family is expressed on NK cells and has ligand specificity for a broad range of HLA class I molecules (5). There are, however, four inhibitory KIRs that have ligand specificity f ...
Amoeba and Paramecium
... Paramecium Grammers • Growth: 0.05 mm avg. • Respond: -react to chemicals – salt and vinegar -live in slightly acidic environments (stagnant H2O) -anterior end sensitive – move by trial and error ...
... Paramecium Grammers • Growth: 0.05 mm avg. • Respond: -react to chemicals – salt and vinegar -live in slightly acidic environments (stagnant H2O) -anterior end sensitive – move by trial and error ...
Nitric Oxide 9:
... or nitric oxide (NO) via oxidation or nitrosation, respectively, of an OxyR cysteine redox center [9,17–19]. H2 O2 and NO can also activate SoxR, another transcriptional global regulator of genes involved in oxidative stress tolerance, such as sodA, which encodes a manganese SOD [9,20]. NO-related a ...
... or nitric oxide (NO) via oxidation or nitrosation, respectively, of an OxyR cysteine redox center [9,17–19]. H2 O2 and NO can also activate SoxR, another transcriptional global regulator of genes involved in oxidative stress tolerance, such as sodA, which encodes a manganese SOD [9,20]. NO-related a ...
Comparative assessment of heavy metal removal by
... Microorganisms play a vital role in heavy metal contaminated soil and wastewater by the mechanisms of biosorption. In this study, heavy metal resistant bacteria were isolated from an electroplating industrial effluent samples that uses copper, cadmium and lead for plating. These isolates were charac ...
... Microorganisms play a vital role in heavy metal contaminated soil and wastewater by the mechanisms of biosorption. In this study, heavy metal resistant bacteria were isolated from an electroplating industrial effluent samples that uses copper, cadmium and lead for plating. These isolates were charac ...
Evolutionary tradeoffs in cellular composition across
... how cellular composition changes across the diversity of bacteria as connected with physiological function and metabolism, spanning five orders of magnitude in body size. We present an analysis of the trends with cell volume that covers shifts in genomic, protein, cellular envelope, RNA and ribosoma ...
... how cellular composition changes across the diversity of bacteria as connected with physiological function and metabolism, spanning five orders of magnitude in body size. We present an analysis of the trends with cell volume that covers shifts in genomic, protein, cellular envelope, RNA and ribosoma ...
Interaction of Cationic Peptides with Lipoteichoic Acid and Gram
... Despite their structural differences, LTA and PG both activate macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes by binding to CD14 (4, 11, 32), a surface receptor that mediates responses to LPS (27, 28). Thus, substances that bind to bacterial components and ablate their ability to bind to CD14 would be ...
... Despite their structural differences, LTA and PG both activate macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes by binding to CD14 (4, 11, 32), a surface receptor that mediates responses to LPS (27, 28). Thus, substances that bind to bacterial components and ablate their ability to bind to CD14 would be ...
File - Science at St. Dominics
... Bacteria absorb water from their environment by osmosis so most need to live in solutions with a higher concentration of water. Bacteria that live in lower concentration of water may lose water, become dehydrated and die. ...
... Bacteria absorb water from their environment by osmosis so most need to live in solutions with a higher concentration of water. Bacteria that live in lower concentration of water may lose water, become dehydrated and die. ...
Development of bacterial oxidative stress assays
... dismutase (SOD) is a defensive enzyme that protects bacteria from the damage caused by reactive oxygen species. It is hypothesized that the inhibition of SOD would increase bacterial cell death caused by oxidative stress. The goal of this study was to establish a fluorescence-based assay for the det ...
... dismutase (SOD) is a defensive enzyme that protects bacteria from the damage caused by reactive oxygen species. It is hypothesized that the inhibition of SOD would increase bacterial cell death caused by oxidative stress. The goal of this study was to establish a fluorescence-based assay for the det ...
Pertussis - vdsstream VDS
... protein about 232 kDa in size, and after cell division, its mature form is bound to the surface of the cell. FHA is also mediated by a two-partner secretion system. A very important part of this secretion pathway involves the removal of one-third of the C-terminus end of the FHA protein. The C-termi ...
... protein about 232 kDa in size, and after cell division, its mature form is bound to the surface of the cell. FHA is also mediated by a two-partner secretion system. A very important part of this secretion pathway involves the removal of one-third of the C-terminus end of the FHA protein. The C-termi ...
Redox Eustress: Roles for Redox-Active Metabolites in Bacterial
... and the evolution of complex life forms, respectively (Fig. 1). While the energy provided by redox chemistry is required for life, unchecked redox activity is a common source of intracellular damage, and organisms possess well-studied mechanisms that allow them to avoid or combat potentially destruc ...
... and the evolution of complex life forms, respectively (Fig. 1). While the energy provided by redox chemistry is required for life, unchecked redox activity is a common source of intracellular damage, and organisms possess well-studied mechanisms that allow them to avoid or combat potentially destruc ...
Chapter 4
... – Chloroplasts are the organelles that perform photosynthesis. – Chloroplasts have three major compartments: • The space between the two membranes • The stroma, a thick fluid within the chloroplast • The space within grana, the structures that trap light energy and convert it to chemical energy Laur ...
... – Chloroplasts are the organelles that perform photosynthesis. – Chloroplasts have three major compartments: • The space between the two membranes • The stroma, a thick fluid within the chloroplast • The space within grana, the structures that trap light energy and convert it to chemical energy Laur ...
High-Performance Exosome Purification
... based on diameter and density (Figure 4A). Concentration of biological particles also appears to be highest in this fraction range (Figure 4B), as indicated by an increase in the amplitude of the autocorrelation function. The amplitude of the autocorrelation function is a measure of the total scatte ...
... based on diameter and density (Figure 4A). Concentration of biological particles also appears to be highest in this fraction range (Figure 4B), as indicated by an increase in the amplitude of the autocorrelation function. The amplitude of the autocorrelation function is a measure of the total scatte ...
- Wiley Online Library
... The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2015/16 provides concise overviews of the key properties of over 1750 human drug targets with their pharmacology, plus links to an open access knowledgebase of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target ...
... The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2015/16 provides concise overviews of the key properties of over 1750 human drug targets with their pharmacology, plus links to an open access knowledgebase of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target ...
Measurement of Protozoan Grazing on Bacteria by Means of [ H
... the above-mentioned methods are very laborious and often result in serious sample perturbations during incubation. For these reasons the determined grazing rates are often underestimated. Natural bacterial assemblages labelled with radioactive isotopes can serve as food tracers for natural protozoan ...
... the above-mentioned methods are very laborious and often result in serious sample perturbations during incubation. For these reasons the determined grazing rates are often underestimated. Natural bacterial assemblages labelled with radioactive isotopes can serve as food tracers for natural protozoan ...
Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis (from chemo- + taxis) is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. Somatic cells, bacteria, and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. This is important for bacteria to find food (e.g., glucose) by swimming toward the highest concentration of food molecules, or to flee from poisons (e.g., phenol). In multicellular organisms, chemotaxis is critical to early development (e.g., movement of sperm towards the egg during fertilization) and subsequent phases of development (e.g., migration of neurons or lymphocytes) as well as in normal function. In addition, it has been recognized that mechanisms that allow chemotaxis in animals can be subverted during cancer metastasis.Positive chemotaxis occurs if the movement is toward a higher concentration of the chemical in question; negative chemotaxis if the movement is in the opposite direction. Chemically prompted kinesis (randomly directed or nondirectional) can be called chemokinesis.