Oxidation of Hg(0) - Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences
... In subsurface environments, anaerobic bacteria are the principal agents mediating the redox transformation of inorganic elements (Lovley and Chapelle, 1995). Anaerobes isolated from soils and sediments have been shown to catalyze the oxidation of redox-active elements such as Fe(II), As(III), and U( ...
... In subsurface environments, anaerobic bacteria are the principal agents mediating the redox transformation of inorganic elements (Lovley and Chapelle, 1995). Anaerobes isolated from soils and sediments have been shown to catalyze the oxidation of redox-active elements such as Fe(II), As(III), and U( ...
Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
... representative of ‘stable’ RNA (Deutscher, 2003). The mRNA coding for the tufA/tufB, relA and rpoS genes were chosen because they are involved in key metabolic processes, such as protein translation for tuf (Manganelli et al., 2001; Schnell et al., 2003), and stress response for relA and rpoS (Flard ...
... representative of ‘stable’ RNA (Deutscher, 2003). The mRNA coding for the tufA/tufB, relA and rpoS genes were chosen because they are involved in key metabolic processes, such as protein translation for tuf (Manganelli et al., 2001; Schnell et al., 2003), and stress response for relA and rpoS (Flard ...
Growth and killing of a Salmonella enterica serovar
... Hildreth was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, developed under the auspices of the NICHD and maintained by the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Iowa (Iowa City, IA, USA), and was used at a dilution of 1 : 2000 for LAMP-1 staining in HeLa cells. AntiLAMP-1 rabbit ...
... Hildreth was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, developed under the auspices of the NICHD and maintained by the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Iowa (Iowa City, IA, USA), and was used at a dilution of 1 : 2000 for LAMP-1 staining in HeLa cells. AntiLAMP-1 rabbit ...
Homeostatic maintenance of pathogen
... nisms (Appelberg, 2006). However, many intracellular pathogens have evolved mechanisms by which they can survive and replicate within the vacuolar environment. During infection, bacterial factors that mediate virulence, including pore-forming proteins, can damage vacuolar membranes (Aroian and van d ...
... nisms (Appelberg, 2006). However, many intracellular pathogens have evolved mechanisms by which they can survive and replicate within the vacuolar environment. During infection, bacterial factors that mediate virulence, including pore-forming proteins, can damage vacuolar membranes (Aroian and van d ...
Identification of Bacterial Species
... Gram-negative bacteria. The cells are then dipped into an iodine solution; iodine is the mordant, meaning that it is a substance that increases the affinity of the cell for crystal violet so that crystal violet is more difficult to remove from the cell. Iodine forms large complexes with crystal viol ...
... Gram-negative bacteria. The cells are then dipped into an iodine solution; iodine is the mordant, meaning that it is a substance that increases the affinity of the cell for crystal violet so that crystal violet is more difficult to remove from the cell. Iodine forms large complexes with crystal viol ...
The Amoeboid Parabasalid Flagellate Gigantomonas herculeaof the
... rod-shaped bacteria of the same diameter, but the latter were distinguished by a surrounding vacuolar membrane (Figs 14, 15). G. herculea phagocytoses large prey and also wood particles (not shown). ...
... rod-shaped bacteria of the same diameter, but the latter were distinguished by a surrounding vacuolar membrane (Figs 14, 15). G. herculea phagocytoses large prey and also wood particles (not shown). ...
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS I
... Different receptors couple to different signal transducers Signal transducers/2nd messengers couple to different effectors in different tissues Integration of reinforcing and antagonistic signals ...
... Different receptors couple to different signal transducers Signal transducers/2nd messengers couple to different effectors in different tissues Integration of reinforcing and antagonistic signals ...
Novel Antipeptide Antibodies to the Human Glucocorticoid Receptor
... reported that GRs form even larger oligomeric complexes in the presence of sodium molybdate (17, 18) (presumably due to the interaction of receptors with additional accessory proteins), we wished to determine if molybdate-stabilized GR complexes could also be recognized by the antipeptide antibodies ...
... reported that GRs form even larger oligomeric complexes in the presence of sodium molybdate (17, 18) (presumably due to the interaction of receptors with additional accessory proteins), we wished to determine if molybdate-stabilized GR complexes could also be recognized by the antipeptide antibodies ...
Lysis by Agents of Microbial Origin
... determined. It might prevent entry into the cell of a key substance necessary for cell-wallsynthesis, or it might inhibit an enzyme taking part in this process. It might also disorganize the cytoplasmic membrane, a structure which is almost certainly involved in the formation of the cell wall. In fa ...
... determined. It might prevent entry into the cell of a key substance necessary for cell-wallsynthesis, or it might inhibit an enzyme taking part in this process. It might also disorganize the cytoplasmic membrane, a structure which is almost certainly involved in the formation of the cell wall. In fa ...
Involvement of antimicrobial peptides in mussel defence
... in anti-infectious processes, however, can be different. Some antimicrobial peptides are produced by epithelial cells which line the respiratory, gastrointestinal and genito-urinary tracts, where they constitute one of the first barriers preventing pathogen invasion. Many antimicrobial peptides have ...
... in anti-infectious processes, however, can be different. Some antimicrobial peptides are produced by epithelial cells which line the respiratory, gastrointestinal and genito-urinary tracts, where they constitute one of the first barriers preventing pathogen invasion. Many antimicrobial peptides have ...
Klebsiella pneumoniae survives within macrophages by
... effective antibiotic treatment. K. pneumoniae isolates are frequently resistant to multiple antibiotics ...
... effective antibiotic treatment. K. pneumoniae isolates are frequently resistant to multiple antibiotics ...
Identification of Amino Acid Residues within GABAA Receptor
... receptors composed of either a1b2 or a1b2g2 subunits (Connolly et al., 1996a,b). The a1g2 and b2g2 combinations and homomeric subunits are retained within the ER (Connolly et al., 1996 a,b; Gorrie et al., 1997). ER-retained unassembled subunits are rapidly degraded (Gorrie et al., 1997). Recent stud ...
... receptors composed of either a1b2 or a1b2g2 subunits (Connolly et al., 1996a,b). The a1g2 and b2g2 combinations and homomeric subunits are retained within the ER (Connolly et al., 1996 a,b; Gorrie et al., 1997). ER-retained unassembled subunits are rapidly degraded (Gorrie et al., 1997). Recent stud ...
Handbook for Azospirillum
... phylogenetic probes derived from 16- or 23S rRNA sequences of the bacteria of interest coupled to fluorescent dyes, which can be used in the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique (see protocol below), the identification of bacteria at the strain-specific level needs other approaches. Two s ...
... phylogenetic probes derived from 16- or 23S rRNA sequences of the bacteria of interest coupled to fluorescent dyes, which can be used in the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique (see protocol below), the identification of bacteria at the strain-specific level needs other approaches. Two s ...
- Wiley Online Library
... various bacterial macromolecules. Although the regulatory mechanisms that underlie macromolecules localization in bacterial cells are largely unknown, certain strategies elucidated thus far include the establishment of cell polarity, the employment of cytoskeletal proteins, and the use of the membra ...
... various bacterial macromolecules. Although the regulatory mechanisms that underlie macromolecules localization in bacterial cells are largely unknown, certain strategies elucidated thus far include the establishment of cell polarity, the employment of cytoskeletal proteins, and the use of the membra ...
Methanopyrus (Methanopyrus kandleri)
... usually in the scum that collects on the top of the water. Paramecia are safe from most things that would eat them in the pond scum, and they are able to find things to eat! Paramecia eat bacteria, other unicellular organisms and decaying plant matter. They are able to take in the oxygen (O2) that i ...
... usually in the scum that collects on the top of the water. Paramecia are safe from most things that would eat them in the pond scum, and they are able to find things to eat! Paramecia eat bacteria, other unicellular organisms and decaying plant matter. They are able to take in the oxygen (O2) that i ...
Localization-triggered bacterial pathogenesis
... a deeper understanding of how bacteria turn pathogenic. Here, we suggest that one answer may be found by taking into account the localization of the bacteria, both at an anatomical level and at a microenvironment level. Both commensals and traditional pathogens alter their interaction with the human ...
... a deeper understanding of how bacteria turn pathogenic. Here, we suggest that one answer may be found by taking into account the localization of the bacteria, both at an anatomical level and at a microenvironment level. Both commensals and traditional pathogens alter their interaction with the human ...
Biological Activities of Compounds Produced by Microorganisms
... bacteria, with the exception of P. aeruginosa. This clearly demonstrated that the active compounds produced by cyanobacteria isolated from the Baltic Sea strongly modulate the growth of Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria [2]. The next stage of my PhD thesis research was concerned with analysis ...
... bacteria, with the exception of P. aeruginosa. This clearly demonstrated that the active compounds produced by cyanobacteria isolated from the Baltic Sea strongly modulate the growth of Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria [2]. The next stage of my PhD thesis research was concerned with analysis ...
Do Bacteria have Mitotic Spindles, Fusion Tubes and
... claim that their staining reactions prove these to be mitochondria. In the case of Mycobacterium, from two to six of these granules are shown in organisms of a configuration which, in the photomicrographs of the present paper, and in the figures of the other workers quoted, have up to six complete c ...
... claim that their staining reactions prove these to be mitochondria. In the case of Mycobacterium, from two to six of these granules are shown in organisms of a configuration which, in the photomicrographs of the present paper, and in the figures of the other workers quoted, have up to six complete c ...
CHOI, JOON W., EVELYN B. SHERR, AND BARRY F. SHERR
... observed: the number of NV cells doubled during the initial 6 h prior to an increase in total cell counts. These results show that some bacteria without visible nucleoids are capable of becoming NV cells, and thus have DNA in a nucleoid region not detectable with the method used here. ...
... observed: the number of NV cells doubled during the initial 6 h prior to an increase in total cell counts. These results show that some bacteria without visible nucleoids are capable of becoming NV cells, and thus have DNA in a nucleoid region not detectable with the method used here. ...
Specificity and complexity in bacterial quorum
... by a transmembrane receptor. Detection of autoinducers triggers a phospho-relay that controls the downstream QS response. (C) A Gram-positive one-component QS system. Autoinducer peptides are produced by the AIP synthase and then released into the extracellular environment through a transporter, whe ...
... by a transmembrane receptor. Detection of autoinducers triggers a phospho-relay that controls the downstream QS response. (C) A Gram-positive one-component QS system. Autoinducer peptides are produced by the AIP synthase and then released into the extracellular environment through a transporter, whe ...
TJHHST Biology Olympiad, 2015-16
... The main exam of the year is the USA Biology Olympiad. A competition with high prestige, USABO consists of three rounds: Open, Semifinal, and Finals. The first test, a 50-question Open exam encompasses general theoretical biology. This year, it will be administered on either February 12th (tentative ...
... The main exam of the year is the USA Biology Olympiad. A competition with high prestige, USABO consists of three rounds: Open, Semifinal, and Finals. The first test, a 50-question Open exam encompasses general theoretical biology. This year, it will be administered on either February 12th (tentative ...
Protein Kinase A Activation Down-Regulates, Whereas Extracellular
... Monoaminergic systems are related to the action of methamphetamine and cocaine. Of these, the dopaminergic system plays an important role in the methamphetamine- or cocaine-induced sensitization in animals. There are two superfamilies of dopamine (DA) receptors, designated D1- and D2-like receptors. ...
... Monoaminergic systems are related to the action of methamphetamine and cocaine. Of these, the dopaminergic system plays an important role in the methamphetamine- or cocaine-induced sensitization in animals. There are two superfamilies of dopamine (DA) receptors, designated D1- and D2-like receptors. ...
Signaling-dependent immobilization of acylated proteins in the inner
... assessed by FRAP in unstimulated cells. As shown in Fig. 1 C and particularly in the three-dimensional reconstruction of Fig. 1 D, the optical setup used bleached a nearly circular area of 2 μm in diameter within 1–2 s. Under the conditions of our experiments, 10–20% of the original intensity rema ...
... assessed by FRAP in unstimulated cells. As shown in Fig. 1 C and particularly in the three-dimensional reconstruction of Fig. 1 D, the optical setup used bleached a nearly circular area of 2 μm in diameter within 1–2 s. Under the conditions of our experiments, 10–20% of the original intensity rema ...
FEMS Microbiology Ecology 33
... In undisturbed or untreated soil without growing plants, most bacteria persist under nutrient-limited conditions [1]. Bacteria have evolved mechanisms allowing survival under starvation, rapidly restarting growth once nutrients become available. For example, bacilli and clostridia undergo di¡erentia ...
... In undisturbed or untreated soil without growing plants, most bacteria persist under nutrient-limited conditions [1]. Bacteria have evolved mechanisms allowing survival under starvation, rapidly restarting growth once nutrients become available. For example, bacilli and clostridia undergo di¡erentia ...
Ancient bacteria–amoeba relationships and pathogenic animal
... attributable to both having phagocytic activity [12,24]. While there are powerful advantages to using amoebas instead of animals as experimental hosts for bacteria, environmental amoebas generally live at much cooler temperatures (~21˚C) than macrophages inside the human body (~37˚C). B. bronchisept ...
... attributable to both having phagocytic activity [12,24]. While there are powerful advantages to using amoebas instead of animals as experimental hosts for bacteria, environmental amoebas generally live at much cooler temperatures (~21˚C) than macrophages inside the human body (~37˚C). B. bronchisept ...
Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis (from chemo- + taxis) is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. Somatic cells, bacteria, and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. This is important for bacteria to find food (e.g., glucose) by swimming toward the highest concentration of food molecules, or to flee from poisons (e.g., phenol). In multicellular organisms, chemotaxis is critical to early development (e.g., movement of sperm towards the egg during fertilization) and subsequent phases of development (e.g., migration of neurons or lymphocytes) as well as in normal function. In addition, it has been recognized that mechanisms that allow chemotaxis in animals can be subverted during cancer metastasis.Positive chemotaxis occurs if the movement is toward a higher concentration of the chemical in question; negative chemotaxis if the movement is in the opposite direction. Chemically prompted kinesis (randomly directed or nondirectional) can be called chemokinesis.