The Role of Cytoskeletal Elements in Shaping Bacterial Cells
... locus of E. coli plasmid R1 and is responsible for segregation of the plasmid [10]. This prediction initially did not draw much attention because the bacterial proteins as well as sugar kinases and Hsp70 did not seem to have the properties similar to actin. However, several years later, it was demon ...
... locus of E. coli plasmid R1 and is responsible for segregation of the plasmid [10]. This prediction initially did not draw much attention because the bacterial proteins as well as sugar kinases and Hsp70 did not seem to have the properties similar to actin. However, several years later, it was demon ...
Characterization and Biological Activities of Ocellatin Peptides from
... 72% sequence homology with ocellatin-1 and ocellatin-V2 with five and two conservative substitutions, respectively. One distinctive difference of ocellatins-PT1 to -PT8, except ocellatin-PT3, compared to all the Leptodactylus genus peptides described to date is the presence of the aromatic amino acid ...
... 72% sequence homology with ocellatin-1 and ocellatin-V2 with five and two conservative substitutions, respectively. One distinctive difference of ocellatins-PT1 to -PT8, except ocellatin-PT3, compared to all the Leptodactylus genus peptides described to date is the presence of the aromatic amino acid ...
Sludge Quality and Microscopic Examination
... 1. The protozoan and invertebrate groups develop based on available food source as the primary environmental condition (must be aerobic) 2. Some flagellates and amoebas can absorb some nutrients directly, but typically they require a high density of food (bacteria) as do small free swimming ciliates ...
... 1. The protozoan and invertebrate groups develop based on available food source as the primary environmental condition (must be aerobic) 2. Some flagellates and amoebas can absorb some nutrients directly, but typically they require a high density of food (bacteria) as do small free swimming ciliates ...
Expression of Growth Factor Receptors in
... (2) incubated with PE-labeled anti-jt3 MoAb: this procedure allows to remove greater than 95% surface-bound FL. Control experiments for exogenous ligand versus MoAb competition showed that IT,at the concentration used in the Mo culture medium, causes a 50% reduction of anti-jr3 MoAb binding to the c ...
... (2) incubated with PE-labeled anti-jt3 MoAb: this procedure allows to remove greater than 95% surface-bound FL. Control experiments for exogenous ligand versus MoAb competition showed that IT,at the concentration used in the Mo culture medium, causes a 50% reduction of anti-jr3 MoAb binding to the c ...
Planta
... what concentration of KNO3 available to the plant at the time of inoculation completely inhibited nodulation of lucerne by R. meliloti L5-30. Progressively fewer nodules developed as the concentration of NO~was increased, and nodule formation was completely inhibited by 18 mM NO;- (Table 1). Root ha ...
... what concentration of KNO3 available to the plant at the time of inoculation completely inhibited nodulation of lucerne by R. meliloti L5-30. Progressively fewer nodules developed as the concentration of NO~was increased, and nodule formation was completely inhibited by 18 mM NO;- (Table 1). Root ha ...
Protection of Nitrate-Reducing Fe(II)
... Considering the small size of bacteria (on the order of micrometers), such an effective external screen to protect microbial cells could consist of small mineral particles that only need to be available in the close cell environment or even at the cell surface. Thick paleosols rarely develop on ultr ...
... Considering the small size of bacteria (on the order of micrometers), such an effective external screen to protect microbial cells could consist of small mineral particles that only need to be available in the close cell environment or even at the cell surface. Thick paleosols rarely develop on ultr ...
GETTING THE MOST OUT OF THE MINIMUM DATABASE
... missing critical diagnostic information. My personal recommendation is to first look at the CBC and urinalysis findings first and then the electrolyte / acid-base profile of the biochemical profile before evaluating the whole biochemical profile. The CBC and urinalysis in particular provide insight ...
... missing critical diagnostic information. My personal recommendation is to first look at the CBC and urinalysis findings first and then the electrolyte / acid-base profile of the biochemical profile before evaluating the whole biochemical profile. The CBC and urinalysis in particular provide insight ...
Full text in pdf format
... (BSA)];33 % was considered surface bound (accessible to BSA). The cellular distribution of aminopeptidase activity is consistent with the model that cell surface aminopeptidase generate oligomers which diffuse into the periplasm where they are monomerized by the high aminopeptidase activity in an en ...
... (BSA)];33 % was considered surface bound (accessible to BSA). The cellular distribution of aminopeptidase activity is consistent with the model that cell surface aminopeptidase generate oligomers which diffuse into the periplasm where they are monomerized by the high aminopeptidase activity in an en ...
STAINING OF BACTERIAL CELLS Objective • To learn the
... important and widely used differential stain for bacteria is the Gram stain. On the basis of their reaction to the Gram stain, bacteria can be divided into two groups: Gram positive and Gram negative. The differential response to the Gram stain is based on fundamental differences in the cell wall st ...
... important and widely used differential stain for bacteria is the Gram stain. On the basis of their reaction to the Gram stain, bacteria can be divided into two groups: Gram positive and Gram negative. The differential response to the Gram stain is based on fundamental differences in the cell wall st ...
C. elegans - York College of Pennsylvania
... Kaletta, T. and Hengartner, M.O. 2006. Finding function in novel targets: C. elegans as a model organism. ...
... Kaletta, T. and Hengartner, M.O. 2006. Finding function in novel targets: C. elegans as a model organism. ...
Gram`s staining - Micro-Rao
... and Propionibacterium have cell walls particularly sensitive to breakage during cell division, resulting in Gram-negative staining of these cells. In cultures of Bacillus, and Clostridium a decrease in peptidoglycan thickness during cell growth may cause some of them to appear Gram negative. Certain ...
... and Propionibacterium have cell walls particularly sensitive to breakage during cell division, resulting in Gram-negative staining of these cells. In cultures of Bacillus, and Clostridium a decrease in peptidoglycan thickness during cell growth may cause some of them to appear Gram negative. Certain ...
Quaternary ammonium surfactant structure determines selective
... also destroying the membrane of mammalian cells.21 However, different sensitivities to the harmful effects of QAS at concentrations below the CMC may arise from distinct chemical composition, physical properties and physiological functions of pathogens and host cell membranes, as well as the total a ...
... also destroying the membrane of mammalian cells.21 However, different sensitivities to the harmful effects of QAS at concentrations below the CMC may arise from distinct chemical composition, physical properties and physiological functions of pathogens and host cell membranes, as well as the total a ...
Antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes and bacterial evasion
... microbial antigens on their surface, eliciting acquired immune responses. To survive this hostile response, certain bacterial species have developed evasive strategies that often involve the secretion of effectors to co-opt the cellular machinery of the host. In this Review, we present an overview o ...
... microbial antigens on their surface, eliciting acquired immune responses. To survive this hostile response, certain bacterial species have developed evasive strategies that often involve the secretion of effectors to co-opt the cellular machinery of the host. In this Review, we present an overview o ...
Diabetes & The Endocannabinoid System: Prospects For
... – Yet again, also activates the PLCγ-PKC pathway, and IP3 mediated intracellular Ca2+ release, like the CB receptors – How then, can cannabinoids be beneficial? ...
... – Yet again, also activates the PLCγ-PKC pathway, and IP3 mediated intracellular Ca2+ release, like the CB receptors – How then, can cannabinoids be beneficial? ...
Full-Text PDF
... over a more indirect effect that relies on the activation of some cell signalling cascades, possibly via membrane receptors (see the section on the effects of LL-37 on eukaryotic cells). Experimental results on liposomes do support the existence of a direct permeabilizing effect on phospholipid bila ...
... over a more indirect effect that relies on the activation of some cell signalling cascades, possibly via membrane receptors (see the section on the effects of LL-37 on eukaryotic cells). Experimental results on liposomes do support the existence of a direct permeabilizing effect on phospholipid bila ...
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... increase in the invasive capacity of M. fermentans, which arises from the potential of this organism to bind plasminogen and activate it by urokinase to plasmin, has been recently described (113). Plasmin, a protease with broad substrate specificity, may alter M. fermentans-cell surface proteins and ...
... increase in the invasive capacity of M. fermentans, which arises from the potential of this organism to bind plasminogen and activate it by urokinase to plasmin, has been recently described (113). Plasmin, a protease with broad substrate specificity, may alter M. fermentans-cell surface proteins and ...
99 Establishing a Symbiotic Relationship Between Legume Plants
... there is an increasing specificity for the legumerhizobial pairing5. As with the development of any relationship, the first step is simple recognition. Plant roots excrete a wide range of substances, including a cocktail of phenolic molecules, many of which are called “flavonoids”. Some of these fla ...
... there is an increasing specificity for the legumerhizobial pairing5. As with the development of any relationship, the first step is simple recognition. Plant roots excrete a wide range of substances, including a cocktail of phenolic molecules, many of which are called “flavonoids”. Some of these fla ...
Communication in bacteria
... As will be described later, many diverse compounds have been identified as bacterial cell-to-cell QS signal molecules. Furthermore, interactions between different species of bacteria, and even between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, have also been widely described. There are several characteristics that ...
... As will be described later, many diverse compounds have been identified as bacterial cell-to-cell QS signal molecules. Furthermore, interactions between different species of bacteria, and even between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, have also been widely described. There are several characteristics that ...
Renin-Angiotensin System: I
... therefore the filtrate in the distal tubule will have a reduced NaCI concentration. Other factors that promote and inhibit renin release are listed in Part B. The circulating half-life of this polypeptide in plasma is about 15 minutes. Part C depicts the processes involved in the renin–angiotensin s ...
... therefore the filtrate in the distal tubule will have a reduced NaCI concentration. Other factors that promote and inhibit renin release are listed in Part B. The circulating half-life of this polypeptide in plasma is about 15 minutes. Part C depicts the processes involved in the renin–angiotensin s ...
ATP as a Signaling Molecule: the Exocrine Focus
... cyclase. Other P2Y receptors can also couple to several distinct G proteins, e.g., P2Y1 and P2Y2 via Gq stimulate PLC, but via Gi they inhibit adenylate cyclase. P2Y2 can also stimulate phospholipase D (PLD) and breakdown of phosphatidylcholine. A multitude of receptors and signaling pathways offers ...
... cyclase. Other P2Y receptors can also couple to several distinct G proteins, e.g., P2Y1 and P2Y2 via Gq stimulate PLC, but via Gi they inhibit adenylate cyclase. P2Y2 can also stimulate phospholipase D (PLD) and breakdown of phosphatidylcholine. A multitude of receptors and signaling pathways offers ...
As Sulfate
... hydrogen sulfide oxidation (chemosynthetic), rather than by plant photosynthesis. In Monterey Bay, sulfide-rich systems, teeming with chemosynthetically supported life were first discovered in the 1980's near 3200 meters depth. Since then, scientists have focused on a number of shallower cold seep a ...
... hydrogen sulfide oxidation (chemosynthetic), rather than by plant photosynthesis. In Monterey Bay, sulfide-rich systems, teeming with chemosynthetically supported life were first discovered in the 1980's near 3200 meters depth. Since then, scientists have focused on a number of shallower cold seep a ...
The role of fibroblast growth factor in early Xenopus development
... reveals that this binding is attributable to a receptor of relative molecular mass about 130 xlO 3 . The receptor is present both in the marginal zone, which responds to the signal in vivo, and in the animal pole region, which is not induced in vivo but which will respond to HBGFs in vitro. In the e ...
... reveals that this binding is attributable to a receptor of relative molecular mass about 130 xlO 3 . The receptor is present both in the marginal zone, which responds to the signal in vivo, and in the animal pole region, which is not induced in vivo but which will respond to HBGFs in vitro. In the e ...
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
... was done elsewhere else (11). This is because the relatively large molecule of the antibacterial polypeptide unlike the relatively small molecules of antibiotics, can not diffuse in agar and create a zone of dead cells. Under these circumstances, the ABA was estimated by the clarity of the PJ spots ...
... was done elsewhere else (11). This is because the relatively large molecule of the antibacterial polypeptide unlike the relatively small molecules of antibiotics, can not diffuse in agar and create a zone of dead cells. Under these circumstances, the ABA was estimated by the clarity of the PJ spots ...
Asymmetric adhesion of rod-shaped bacteria controls microcolony
... and different mutants deleted for one adhesin factors (∆agn43 orange, N=116; ∆fimAH khaki, N=100; ∆fliER black, N=96) or four (∆4 adh green, N=95; ∆4 pol purple, N=159) adhesin factors; WT P. aeruginosa PA14 (cyan, N=111) and the fimbriae mutant cupA1 (brown, N=98). Error bars represent standard err ...
... and different mutants deleted for one adhesin factors (∆agn43 orange, N=116; ∆fimAH khaki, N=100; ∆fliER black, N=96) or four (∆4 adh green, N=95; ∆4 pol purple, N=159) adhesin factors; WT P. aeruginosa PA14 (cyan, N=111) and the fimbriae mutant cupA1 (brown, N=98). Error bars represent standard err ...
Morphology and LPS content for the estimation of marine
... SUMMARY: The abundance, morphotypes and biomass of the bacterial assemblages were investigated in the Ionian Sea by using two different methods: the epifluorescent microscopy technique for enumerating and sizing bacterial cells, and the determination of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Five bact ...
... SUMMARY: The abundance, morphotypes and biomass of the bacterial assemblages were investigated in the Ionian Sea by using two different methods: the epifluorescent microscopy technique for enumerating and sizing bacterial cells, and the determination of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Five bact ...
Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis (from chemo- + taxis) is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. Somatic cells, bacteria, and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. This is important for bacteria to find food (e.g., glucose) by swimming toward the highest concentration of food molecules, or to flee from poisons (e.g., phenol). In multicellular organisms, chemotaxis is critical to early development (e.g., movement of sperm towards the egg during fertilization) and subsequent phases of development (e.g., migration of neurons or lymphocytes) as well as in normal function. In addition, it has been recognized that mechanisms that allow chemotaxis in animals can be subverted during cancer metastasis.Positive chemotaxis occurs if the movement is toward a higher concentration of the chemical in question; negative chemotaxis if the movement is in the opposite direction. Chemically prompted kinesis (randomly directed or nondirectional) can be called chemokinesis.