Biofilm exopolysaccharides
... limited extent (Geddie & Sutherland, 1994). The resultant polysaccharides yield highly viscous aqueous solutions with viscoelastic properties. The acetylated polysaccharides are also fairly resistant to most of the alginate lyases which can degrade the algal products (Sutherland, 1997). In both type ...
... limited extent (Geddie & Sutherland, 1994). The resultant polysaccharides yield highly viscous aqueous solutions with viscoelastic properties. The acetylated polysaccharides are also fairly resistant to most of the alginate lyases which can degrade the algal products (Sutherland, 1997). In both type ...
Summary - Universität Tübingen
... nuclear envelope establishing a physical barrier that spatially separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm. To accommodate bidirectional transport across this barrier nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) form highly selective transport channels. These huge protein complexes coat the pore membrane region, ...
... nuclear envelope establishing a physical barrier that spatially separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm. To accommodate bidirectional transport across this barrier nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) form highly selective transport channels. These huge protein complexes coat the pore membrane region, ...
Cell fate specification and maintenance in the female gametophyte
... whole embryos from different stages has been reported from several studies by using different methods (Le et al., 2010; Xiang et al., 2011; Belmonte et al., 2013). Nevertheless, the analysis of transcriptional programs in the apical and basal cell lineages at earlier stages of embryogenesis, which w ...
... whole embryos from different stages has been reported from several studies by using different methods (Le et al., 2010; Xiang et al., 2011; Belmonte et al., 2013). Nevertheless, the analysis of transcriptional programs in the apical and basal cell lineages at earlier stages of embryogenesis, which w ...
Study of Different Variants of Mo Enzyme crARC and the Interaction
... activity. It is known that the activity under aerobic conditions of most Mo Cofactor proteins is very low, and usually after a few hours they start to lose their activity [22]. Accordingly, we have studied the stability of crARC activity at 22 and 4 ◦ C by determining its NHC reduction activity at d ...
... activity. It is known that the activity under aerobic conditions of most Mo Cofactor proteins is very low, and usually after a few hours they start to lose their activity [22]. Accordingly, we have studied the stability of crARC activity at 22 and 4 ◦ C by determining its NHC reduction activity at d ...
protein membranes as models of cosmetic ingredients penetration
... Interactions with proteins influence on penetration through such biologica! structures as stratum corneum, nail plate, hair fibre cuticle. Although a major pathway for penetration through stratum corneum is intercellular lipid matrix route, there are examples of compounds that may have affinity to k ...
... Interactions with proteins influence on penetration through such biologica! structures as stratum corneum, nail plate, hair fibre cuticle. Although a major pathway for penetration through stratum corneum is intercellular lipid matrix route, there are examples of compounds that may have affinity to k ...
Tetrahymena Contain Two Distinct and Unusual High Mobility Group
... Examination of the pattern of LG-1 and LG-2 synthesis during the sexual phase of the life cycle, conjugation, demonstrates that the synthesis of LG-1 and LG-2 is coordinately increased from basal levels during the differentiation of new macronuclei (7-13 h), suggesting that both of these proteins pl ...
... Examination of the pattern of LG-1 and LG-2 synthesis during the sexual phase of the life cycle, conjugation, demonstrates that the synthesis of LG-1 and LG-2 is coordinately increased from basal levels during the differentiation of new macronuclei (7-13 h), suggesting that both of these proteins pl ...
Neurokinin B Signaling in the Female Rat: a Novel
... (AVPR1A; also abbreviated as V1A), AVP strongly potentiates CRH-induced secretion of ACTH from the posterior pituitary (18, 20, 21) and independently induces a moderate direct increase in ACTH release by adenohypophyseal corticotropes (22, 23). Furthermore, like CRH, AVP is involved in the stress-in ...
... (AVPR1A; also abbreviated as V1A), AVP strongly potentiates CRH-induced secretion of ACTH from the posterior pituitary (18, 20, 21) and independently induces a moderate direct increase in ACTH release by adenohypophyseal corticotropes (22, 23). Furthermore, like CRH, AVP is involved in the stress-in ...
GRAND PRIX
... The number of organisms that can be supported by a given environment over a period of time. ...
... The number of organisms that can be supported by a given environment over a period of time. ...
LIU-THESIS - eCommons@USASK
... system to examine the role of the apoplast in intracellular freezing avoidance. Since intracellular freezing avoidance is critical to both sensitive and resistant plants, non-acclimated and cold acclimated onion tissue was compared. The large 250 (length) x 50 (width) x 90 µm (thickness) intact sing ...
... system to examine the role of the apoplast in intracellular freezing avoidance. Since intracellular freezing avoidance is critical to both sensitive and resistant plants, non-acclimated and cold acclimated onion tissue was compared. The large 250 (length) x 50 (width) x 90 µm (thickness) intact sing ...
RFX2 is broadly required for ciliogenesis during
... et al., 2007; Inglis et al., 2006). By contrast, very little is yet known about the transcriptional programs that regulate ciliogenesis. The RFX transcription factor (called Daf19 in Caenorhabditis elegans) has been identified as an essential regulator of ciliogenesis in C. elegans and Drosophila (Du ...
... et al., 2007; Inglis et al., 2006). By contrast, very little is yet known about the transcriptional programs that regulate ciliogenesis. The RFX transcription factor (called Daf19 in Caenorhabditis elegans) has been identified as an essential regulator of ciliogenesis in C. elegans and Drosophila (Du ...
Chapter 143: Auditory System - Physiology
... effect. The arrows illustrate the direction of the sound waves and their pattern of reflection and refraction around the head. Baffle effect refers to the fact that sound waves impinging on a surface such as the head will be reflected. The incident and reflected waves may then combine near the side ...
... effect. The arrows illustrate the direction of the sound waves and their pattern of reflection and refraction around the head. Baffle effect refers to the fact that sound waves impinging on a surface such as the head will be reflected. The incident and reflected waves may then combine near the side ...
Preview as PDF - Pearson Higher Education
... of carrier molecules. Shown here as purple ovals, most of these carrier molecules are proteins. At the bottom of the staircase is an oxygen atom 1 12 O2 2, which accepts two electrons, picks up two H+ , and becomes reduced to water. These carrier molecules form an electron transport chain. In a cell ...
... of carrier molecules. Shown here as purple ovals, most of these carrier molecules are proteins. At the bottom of the staircase is an oxygen atom 1 12 O2 2, which accepts two electrons, picks up two H+ , and becomes reduced to water. These carrier molecules form an electron transport chain. In a cell ...
To grow or not to grow: what can we learn on ethylene
... EIN3 like (EIL) transcription factors. EIN3 dimers are able to bind the primary ethylene response element (PERE) in the promoter of ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 1 (ERF1) and other ethylene response genes. Also EIL1 and EIL2 are able to bind this region (Solano et al., 1998). EIN3 is degraded in a protea ...
... EIN3 like (EIL) transcription factors. EIN3 dimers are able to bind the primary ethylene response element (PERE) in the promoter of ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 1 (ERF1) and other ethylene response genes. Also EIL1 and EIL2 are able to bind this region (Solano et al., 1998). EIN3 is degraded in a protea ...
Metabolism of sucrose and its five isomers by
... Fusobacterium mortiferum utilizes sucrose [glucose-fructose in α(1 2) linkage] and its five isomeric α-D-glucosyl-D-fructoses as energy sources for growth. Sucrose-grown cells are induced for both sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase (S6PH) and fructokinase (FK), but the two enzymes are not expressed above ...
... Fusobacterium mortiferum utilizes sucrose [glucose-fructose in α(1 2) linkage] and its five isomeric α-D-glucosyl-D-fructoses as energy sources for growth. Sucrose-grown cells are induced for both sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase (S6PH) and fructokinase (FK), but the two enzymes are not expressed above ...
A Calcium-Regulated Gatekeeper in Phloem Sieve Tubes
... and calcium regulation has been implicated in phloem function. In the current study, Knoblauch et al. show that an influx of calcium into legume sieve elements stimulates the rapid and reversible dispersal of crystalloid P-protein to occlude sieve plate pores. It will be important to determine if th ...
... and calcium regulation has been implicated in phloem function. In the current study, Knoblauch et al. show that an influx of calcium into legume sieve elements stimulates the rapid and reversible dispersal of crystalloid P-protein to occlude sieve plate pores. It will be important to determine if th ...
CDK5 is a major regulator of the tumor suppressor DLC1
... CDK5, a predominantly cytoplasmic proline-directed serine/threonine kinase activated by p35 or p39, can regulate cytoskeletal organization and cell adhesion, contraction, and migration (Kawauchi et al., 2006; Tripathi and Zelenka, 2009; Su and Tsai, 2011; Arif, 2012). Although its pro-differentiatio ...
... CDK5, a predominantly cytoplasmic proline-directed serine/threonine kinase activated by p35 or p39, can regulate cytoskeletal organization and cell adhesion, contraction, and migration (Kawauchi et al., 2006; Tripathi and Zelenka, 2009; Su and Tsai, 2011; Arif, 2012). Although its pro-differentiatio ...
Tomato: a model species for fruit growth and development studies
... ripening of many fruits. Fruits, in general, show two distinct respiratory patterns during ripening and on this basis they are categorized into climacteric and nonclimacteric groups. In fruits classified as climacteric, the respiration rate increases, followed by an increase of ethylene production. ...
... ripening of many fruits. Fruits, in general, show two distinct respiratory patterns during ripening and on this basis they are categorized into climacteric and nonclimacteric groups. In fruits classified as climacteric, the respiration rate increases, followed by an increase of ethylene production. ...
Role of the RNA-binding protein Roquin in immune homeostasis
... In the Rc3h1san/san mice the M199R is a hypomorphic rather than null mutation, since forced expression of Rc3h1M199R in san/san T cells induced an intermediate downregulation of ICOS on the cell surface compared to Roquinwt [5]. The M199R substitution most likely disturbs the predicted alpha-helical ...
... In the Rc3h1san/san mice the M199R is a hypomorphic rather than null mutation, since forced expression of Rc3h1M199R in san/san T cells induced an intermediate downregulation of ICOS on the cell surface compared to Roquinwt [5]. The M199R substitution most likely disturbs the predicted alpha-helical ...
HnRNP C1/C2 May Regulate Exon 7 Splicing in the Spinal Muscular
... inclusion. These two models are not necessarily incompatible because both the loss of an SF2/ASF-specific ESE and the simultaneous creation of an hnRNP A1-binding site could contribute to SMN2 exon 7 skipping. Indeed, these proteins are known to antagonize each other. The competition between SF2/ASF ...
... inclusion. These two models are not necessarily incompatible because both the loss of an SF2/ASF-specific ESE and the simultaneous creation of an hnRNP A1-binding site could contribute to SMN2 exon 7 skipping. Indeed, these proteins are known to antagonize each other. The competition between SF2/ASF ...
Reactive cysteine in proteins: Protein folding - Genoma
... which is related to the fact that their pKa is around 8,5 (Benesch and Benesch, 1955). In contrast, some redox proteins possess a reactive cysteine that is stabilized in the thiolate form by a basic residue, in most cases a lysine or an arginine residue (Copley et al., 2004). In conclusion, reactive ...
... which is related to the fact that their pKa is around 8,5 (Benesch and Benesch, 1955). In contrast, some redox proteins possess a reactive cysteine that is stabilized in the thiolate form by a basic residue, in most cases a lysine or an arginine residue (Copley et al., 2004). In conclusion, reactive ...
manualE6901
... pTXB1 (NEB #N6707) contains a mini-intein from the Mycobacterium xenopi gyrA gene (Mxe GyrA intein; 198 amino acid residues) that has been modified to undergo thiol-induced cleavage at its N-terminus (3,5). The vector allows for the purification of a target protein without any extra amino acids by c ...
... pTXB1 (NEB #N6707) contains a mini-intein from the Mycobacterium xenopi gyrA gene (Mxe GyrA intein; 198 amino acid residues) that has been modified to undergo thiol-induced cleavage at its N-terminus (3,5). The vector allows for the purification of a target protein without any extra amino acids by c ...
Drought response in the spikes of barley: gene expression in the
... Ct; target gene Ct; GAPDH control Data access All detailed data from this study have been deposited at the National Center for Biotechnology Information's Gene Expression Omnibus (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/geo) as Accession GSE17669. Data files have also been deposited at PLEXdb (http://www.pl ...
... Ct; target gene Ct; GAPDH control Data access All detailed data from this study have been deposited at the National Center for Biotechnology Information's Gene Expression Omnibus (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/geo) as Accession GSE17669. Data files have also been deposited at PLEXdb (http://www.pl ...
Combined fluorescence and electrochemical investigation on the
... result is displayed by a plot of A/A0 as a function of the fatty acid concentration, where A0 is the fluorescence of the probe/HSA complex before addition of the fatty acid, and A is the fluorescence after addition of the fatty acid at a certain concentration. Titration of C8 against HSA with the drug ...
... result is displayed by a plot of A/A0 as a function of the fatty acid concentration, where A0 is the fluorescence of the probe/HSA complex before addition of the fatty acid, and A is the fluorescence after addition of the fatty acid at a certain concentration. Titration of C8 against HSA with the drug ...
Genetic Control of Fusion Pore Expansion in the Epidermis of
... retarded in eff-1 and idf-1 mutants. We generate kinetic cell fusion maps for embryos grown at different temperatures. Different sides of the same cell differ in their fusogenicity: the left and right membrane domains are fusion-incompetent, whereas the anterior and posterior membrane domains fuse w ...
... retarded in eff-1 and idf-1 mutants. We generate kinetic cell fusion maps for embryos grown at different temperatures. Different sides of the same cell differ in their fusogenicity: the left and right membrane domains are fusion-incompetent, whereas the anterior and posterior membrane domains fuse w ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.