Biosynthesis of estradiol. Cloning and characterization of rodent
... 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17HSDs)/17-ketosteroid reductases (17KSRs) modulate the biological activity of certain estrogens and androgens by catalyzing dehydrogenase and reductase reactions between 17β-hydroxy and 17-ketosteroids. In the present study, cDNAs encoding mouse and rat 17HSD/KSR1 ...
... 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17HSDs)/17-ketosteroid reductases (17KSRs) modulate the biological activity of certain estrogens and androgens by catalyzing dehydrogenase and reductase reactions between 17β-hydroxy and 17-ketosteroids. In the present study, cDNAs encoding mouse and rat 17HSD/KSR1 ...
Ions and Pollen Tube Growth
... the intracellular distribution of H+ reveal that pollen tubes possess a unique intracellular pH gradient (Feijó et al. 1999). However, because of the much greater mobility of H+ when compared to that of Ca2+ , it has been difficult to observe these pH gradients (Fricker et al. 1997; Parton et al. 199 ...
... the intracellular distribution of H+ reveal that pollen tubes possess a unique intracellular pH gradient (Feijó et al. 1999). However, because of the much greater mobility of H+ when compared to that of Ca2+ , it has been difficult to observe these pH gradients (Fricker et al. 1997; Parton et al. 199 ...
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... the lip narrows radially and elongates asymmetrically, and we will refer to this autonomous shape change as radial convergence. In the embryo, a line of DiI label perpendicular to the surface of the lip (Fig. 4C) was rotated by 90° during peak involution (Fig. 4C′) to run through the pointed end of ...
... the lip narrows radially and elongates asymmetrically, and we will refer to this autonomous shape change as radial convergence. In the embryo, a line of DiI label perpendicular to the surface of the lip (Fig. 4C) was rotated by 90° during peak involution (Fig. 4C′) to run through the pointed end of ...
Changes in Cotton Root Proteins Correlated with Resistance to Root
... by studies undertaken to characterize the nature of the resistance and the interaction between the host plant and nematode at the biochemical/molecular level. Recent studies have shown that the cotton resistance genes do not alter root penetration by root knot nematode juveniles but ultimately inhib ...
... by studies undertaken to characterize the nature of the resistance and the interaction between the host plant and nematode at the biochemical/molecular level. Recent studies have shown that the cotton resistance genes do not alter root penetration by root knot nematode juveniles but ultimately inhib ...
High-Molecular-Weight Forms of Tyrosinase and the
... TRP-2 migrated exclusively in a hig h - molecul ar-we ig ht form, as expected from its behavior on mol ecul ar sieve HPLC (Fig 1b, bottom). No TRP-2 was detected in association with th e peak of "free" tyrosinase from HPLC (Fig lb, lOp), Triton X-1 00 was used only in the initial phase of the purifi ...
... TRP-2 migrated exclusively in a hig h - molecul ar-we ig ht form, as expected from its behavior on mol ecul ar sieve HPLC (Fig 1b, bottom). No TRP-2 was detected in association with th e peak of "free" tyrosinase from HPLC (Fig lb, lOp), Triton X-1 00 was used only in the initial phase of the purifi ...
- RichardWheeler.net
... these parasites for a number of reasons. It is important for parasite pathogenicity and in trypanosomes is critical for motility in mammalian blood, traversing the insect vector, attachment to the insect vector, and key roles in cell morphogenesis (Engstler et al., 2007; Ralston, Kabututu, Melehani, ...
... these parasites for a number of reasons. It is important for parasite pathogenicity and in trypanosomes is critical for motility in mammalian blood, traversing the insect vector, attachment to the insect vector, and key roles in cell morphogenesis (Engstler et al., 2007; Ralston, Kabututu, Melehani, ...
Retina-Specific Expression of 5A11/Basigin-2, a
... by Linser et al.,4 who used antibodies produced against embryonic day-7 chick tissues to identify a novel Müller-cell (MC)– specific protein.4 Subsequent work by Fadool and Linser5 identified the 5A11 antigen as a cell membrane glycoprotein found on MCs and mature retinal pigmented epithelia (RPE) ...
... by Linser et al.,4 who used antibodies produced against embryonic day-7 chick tissues to identify a novel Müller-cell (MC)– specific protein.4 Subsequent work by Fadool and Linser5 identified the 5A11 antigen as a cell membrane glycoprotein found on MCs and mature retinal pigmented epithelia (RPE) ...
Activation of Hedgehog signaling by loss of GNAS causes
... t issues could also lead to heterotopic ossification. We injected Creor GFP-encoding adenoviruses (Ad-Cre or Ad-GFP) subcutaneously into 4-week-old Gnasfl/fl mice (Supplementary Fig. 3). We detected extensive heterotopic ossification 6 weeks after injection by the pres ence of ectopic osteoblasts ...
... t issues could also lead to heterotopic ossification. We injected Creor GFP-encoding adenoviruses (Ad-Cre or Ad-GFP) subcutaneously into 4-week-old Gnasfl/fl mice (Supplementary Fig. 3). We detected extensive heterotopic ossification 6 weeks after injection by the pres ence of ectopic osteoblasts ...
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... Annexins are also believed to be involved in membrane-related processes, such as intracellular vesicular trafficking, endo- and exocytosis, phagocytosis and autophagy, due to their inherent ability to bind and position the membrane structures in relation to each other in a calcium-dependent manner [ ...
... Annexins are also believed to be involved in membrane-related processes, such as intracellular vesicular trafficking, endo- and exocytosis, phagocytosis and autophagy, due to their inherent ability to bind and position the membrane structures in relation to each other in a calcium-dependent manner [ ...
Cells and Energy
... Some organisms are called producers because they produce the source of chemical energy for themselves and for other organisms. Plants, as well as some bacteria and protists, are the producers that are the main sources of chemical energy for most organisms on Earth. Certainly, animals that eat only p ...
... Some organisms are called producers because they produce the source of chemical energy for themselves and for other organisms. Plants, as well as some bacteria and protists, are the producers that are the main sources of chemical energy for most organisms on Earth. Certainly, animals that eat only p ...
Evidence for an Extracellular Reception Site for Abscisic
... extracellular Ca2+,for depolarization (Schroeder and Hagiwara, 1990). Concomitantly, ABA triggers a rapid transient of K+ efflux (MacRobbie, 19901, which m p i t F S depolarization. In Vite Of the rapid nature Of these early responses~ which occur within seconds, these data have not excluded the pos ...
... extracellular Ca2+,for depolarization (Schroeder and Hagiwara, 1990). Concomitantly, ABA triggers a rapid transient of K+ efflux (MacRobbie, 19901, which m p i t F S depolarization. In Vite Of the rapid nature Of these early responses~ which occur within seconds, these data have not excluded the pos ...
b-1,3 Glucan Sulfate, but Not b-1,3 Glucan, Induces
... optimized to obtain regular b-1,3 glucan sulfation without any polysaccharide degradation and to control the resulting degree of sulfation (DS). A DS is mainly dependent on the molar ratio of SO3/pyridine complex to glucose but is also influenced by other parameters, such as temperature and reaction ...
... optimized to obtain regular b-1,3 glucan sulfation without any polysaccharide degradation and to control the resulting degree of sulfation (DS). A DS is mainly dependent on the molar ratio of SO3/pyridine complex to glucose but is also influenced by other parameters, such as temperature and reaction ...
The Ultrastructure of Megakaryocytes and Blood
... Zonation. The marginal zone varied in coalesce to form a long, paired membranwidth and usually lacked organelles and ous profile (figs. 3 and 5 ) , which is the demarcation membranes. The cytoplasm demarcation membrane (Yamada, '57). A contained a few ribosomes and vesicles and pair of membranes the ...
... Zonation. The marginal zone varied in coalesce to form a long, paired membranwidth and usually lacked organelles and ous profile (figs. 3 and 5 ) , which is the demarcation membranes. The cytoplasm demarcation membrane (Yamada, '57). A contained a few ribosomes and vesicles and pair of membranes the ...
Role of Frontal Eye Fields in Countermanding Saccades: Visual
... in saccade cancellation. Once a cell was isolated, the location and extent of the response field was determined. After fixation of a central spot for a variable interval (500–800 ms), a single target was presented at 1 of 6, 8, or 12 positions varying in direction and eccentricity, and the monkeys w ...
... in saccade cancellation. Once a cell was isolated, the location and extent of the response field was determined. After fixation of a central spot for a variable interval (500–800 ms), a single target was presented at 1 of 6, 8, or 12 positions varying in direction and eccentricity, and the monkeys w ...
Toll-like receptors: resent advances, open questions and
... Macrophages lacking TLR2 or wild type macrophages preincubated with a blocking TLR2-specific monoclonal antibody showed reduced effciency of phagocytosis of A. fumigatus conidia. ...
... Macrophages lacking TLR2 or wild type macrophages preincubated with a blocking TLR2-specific monoclonal antibody showed reduced effciency of phagocytosis of A. fumigatus conidia. ...
Gene Section AURKB (aurora kinase B) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... the amino acid sequences of the ATP-binding pockets of Aurora A, B and C are compared, 3 of the 26 residues lining the active site in Aurora A, Leu215, Thr217 and R220, are different from the corresponding residues in Aurora B and C (Brown et al., 2004); there is no difference in these 26 residues b ...
... the amino acid sequences of the ATP-binding pockets of Aurora A, B and C are compared, 3 of the 26 residues lining the active site in Aurora A, Leu215, Thr217 and R220, are different from the corresponding residues in Aurora B and C (Brown et al., 2004); there is no difference in these 26 residues b ...
A siderophore biosynthesis gene cluster from the fish
... suppression subtractive hybridization, a subsp. piscicida-specific DNA region of 35 kb was identified in strain DI21, and 11 genes were defined: dahP, araC1, araC2, frpA, irp8, irp2, irp1, irp3, irp4, irp9 and irp5. The sequence of the predicted proteins encoded by these genes showed significant sim ...
... suppression subtractive hybridization, a subsp. piscicida-specific DNA region of 35 kb was identified in strain DI21, and 11 genes were defined: dahP, araC1, araC2, frpA, irp8, irp2, irp1, irp3, irp4, irp9 and irp5. The sequence of the predicted proteins encoded by these genes showed significant sim ...
Limonene_Synthase-Plant Physiol.-1999-Turner-879-86
... subsequently imported into chloroplasts, in vitro import assays with the in vitro-translated preprotein were performed using isolated pea chloroplasts. Figure 4A demonstrates that limonene synthase binds to and is imported into pea chloroplasts in a time-dependent manner. Five minutes after the init ...
... subsequently imported into chloroplasts, in vitro import assays with the in vitro-translated preprotein were performed using isolated pea chloroplasts. Figure 4A demonstrates that limonene synthase binds to and is imported into pea chloroplasts in a time-dependent manner. Five minutes after the init ...
Disruption of gradient expression of Zic3 resulted in abnormal intra
... defasciculation and aberrant intraretinal axonal trajectory (Ott et al., 1998). In addition, a number of receptor tyrosine phosphatases have been shown to play a role in intraretinal axon guidance (Ledig et al., 1999). We report that a gene encoding a zinc-finger transcription factor, Zic3, is invol ...
... defasciculation and aberrant intraretinal axonal trajectory (Ott et al., 1998). In addition, a number of receptor tyrosine phosphatases have been shown to play a role in intraretinal axon guidance (Ledig et al., 1999). We report that a gene encoding a zinc-finger transcription factor, Zic3, is invol ...
H ydrop hobicity-hydrop hilicity of staphylococci
... been studied by a technique involving partitioning of the cells between aqueous and hydrocarbon phases. S. aureus was typically hydrophobic, and to a greater degree in stationary- than in exponential-phase cultures. Mutants that lacked teichoic acid, protein A or coagulase production were hydrophobi ...
... been studied by a technique involving partitioning of the cells between aqueous and hydrocarbon phases. S. aureus was typically hydrophobic, and to a greater degree in stationary- than in exponential-phase cultures. Mutants that lacked teichoic acid, protein A or coagulase production were hydrophobi ...
Engineering a mevalonate pathway in Escherichia coli for
... trials for the treatment of various refractory and relapsed cancers12,13. In general, these drugs are extracted from the host plant, in which they accumulate in very small amounts, before further derivatization or use. To eliminate the need for plant extraction, we sought to produce terpenoid compou ...
... trials for the treatment of various refractory and relapsed cancers12,13. In general, these drugs are extracted from the host plant, in which they accumulate in very small amounts, before further derivatization or use. To eliminate the need for plant extraction, we sought to produce terpenoid compou ...
video slide - Everglades High School
... cytoplasmic Ca2+ that activates another specific protein kinase. ...
... cytoplasmic Ca2+ that activates another specific protein kinase. ...
Molecular Affinity and Permeability of Different Molecular Weight
... 480000, 250000, and 120000 Da chitosan membranes, respectively. As shown in Figure 5, during the extended soaking period, the adsorptive capacity curve stayed flat after 1 h. Some polymers that have carboxyl groups in the molecule, such as poly(itaconic acid) chitosan, have strong affinity (30). The ...
... 480000, 250000, and 120000 Da chitosan membranes, respectively. As shown in Figure 5, during the extended soaking period, the adsorptive capacity curve stayed flat after 1 h. Some polymers that have carboxyl groups in the molecule, such as poly(itaconic acid) chitosan, have strong affinity (30). The ...
Deciphering the molecular functions of sterols in cellulose
... requires a specific lipid environment. Consistent with this idea, its activity has been identified in detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) that exhibit biochemical properties similar to sterol-rich PM microdomains (Bessueille et al., 2009). In the past 15 years, a model for the organization of the PM ...
... requires a specific lipid environment. Consistent with this idea, its activity has been identified in detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) that exhibit biochemical properties similar to sterol-rich PM microdomains (Bessueille et al., 2009). In the past 15 years, a model for the organization of the PM ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.