Deciphering the molecular functions of sterols in cellulose
... requires a specific lipid environment. Consistent with this idea, its activity has been identified in detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) that exhibit biochemical properties similar to sterol-rich PM microdomains (Bessueille et al., 2009). In the past 15 years, a model for the organization of the PM ...
... requires a specific lipid environment. Consistent with this idea, its activity has been identified in detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) that exhibit biochemical properties similar to sterol-rich PM microdomains (Bessueille et al., 2009). In the past 15 years, a model for the organization of the PM ...
Direct inhibition of CD40L expression can contribute
... possibly diminishing or negating their need for a costimulatory signal. We thus hypothesized that CD28-independent CD40L at 6 hours may reflect expression on activated memory cells, while CD28-dependent late expression occurs on naive cells. We initially addressed this question in unfractionated PBM ...
... possibly diminishing or negating their need for a costimulatory signal. We thus hypothesized that CD28-independent CD40L at 6 hours may reflect expression on activated memory cells, while CD28-dependent late expression occurs on naive cells. We initially addressed this question in unfractionated PBM ...
Molecular Affinity and Permeability of Different Molecular Weight
... 480000, 250000, and 120000 Da chitosan membranes, respectively. As shown in Figure 5, during the extended soaking period, the adsorptive capacity curve stayed flat after 1 h. Some polymers that have carboxyl groups in the molecule, such as poly(itaconic acid) chitosan, have strong affinity (30). The ...
... 480000, 250000, and 120000 Da chitosan membranes, respectively. As shown in Figure 5, during the extended soaking period, the adsorptive capacity curve stayed flat after 1 h. Some polymers that have carboxyl groups in the molecule, such as poly(itaconic acid) chitosan, have strong affinity (30). The ...
Fcg Receptor Deficiency Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy
... infiltrating and resident cells through specific receptors for the Fc region (FcgRs).13,14 In mice, four different classes of FcgRs are described (FcgRI/CD64, FcgRIIb/CD32, FcgRIII/CD16, and FcgRIV), which differ by their distinct affinity, cellular distributions, and effector functions. FcgRs are expr ...
... infiltrating and resident cells through specific receptors for the Fc region (FcgRs).13,14 In mice, four different classes of FcgRs are described (FcgRI/CD64, FcgRIIb/CD32, FcgRIII/CD16, and FcgRIV), which differ by their distinct affinity, cellular distributions, and effector functions. FcgRs are expr ...
Biochemistry, Physiology and Immunology
... bonds that hold proteins in their secondary and tertiary structures are disrupted by changes in temperature and pH. This affects shapes and so the catalytic activity of an enzyme is pH and temperature sensitive. Gradually, you will appreciate that the individuality of a living cell is due in large p ...
... bonds that hold proteins in their secondary and tertiary structures are disrupted by changes in temperature and pH. This affects shapes and so the catalytic activity of an enzyme is pH and temperature sensitive. Gradually, you will appreciate that the individuality of a living cell is due in large p ...
Direct binding of Nur77/NAK-1 to the plasminogen activator inhibitor
... locus. Using a library from activated lymphocytes (Clontech), 2 million transformants were obtained. There were 5 clearly HIS-positive colonies, and 3 of these contained inserts coding for Nur77; the other 2 were ...
... locus. Using a library from activated lymphocytes (Clontech), 2 million transformants were obtained. There were 5 clearly HIS-positive colonies, and 3 of these contained inserts coding for Nur77; the other 2 were ...
Regulation of Metabolic Events during Embryo Development
... The overall aim of this thesis was to identify and characterize metabolic and biochemical events that are involved in regulation of embryo development in Norway spruce. Embryogenesis involves coordination of multicellular patterning events which are critical for establishment of the apical-basal pla ...
... The overall aim of this thesis was to identify and characterize metabolic and biochemical events that are involved in regulation of embryo development in Norway spruce. Embryogenesis involves coordination of multicellular patterning events which are critical for establishment of the apical-basal pla ...
Transendothelial Transport and Its Role in Therapeutics
... endothelium found in other tissues. It is polarized into luminal and brain facing plasma membrane and transduces signals from the vascular system and from the brain. This allows molecules to pass through the cell membranes of endothelial cells and reach the brain [17]. More specifically, lipid solub ...
... endothelium found in other tissues. It is polarized into luminal and brain facing plasma membrane and transduces signals from the vascular system and from the brain. This allows molecules to pass through the cell membranes of endothelial cells and reach the brain [17]. More specifically, lipid solub ...
STING and the innate immune response to nucleic acids in the cytosol.
... Cytosolic detection of pathogen-derived nucleic acids is critical for the initiation of innate immune defense against diverse bacterial, viral and eukaryotic pathogens. Conversely, inappropriate responses to cytosolic nucleic acids can produce severe autoimmune pathology. The host protein STING has ...
... Cytosolic detection of pathogen-derived nucleic acids is critical for the initiation of innate immune defense against diverse bacterial, viral and eukaryotic pathogens. Conversely, inappropriate responses to cytosolic nucleic acids can produce severe autoimmune pathology. The host protein STING has ...
Nutrient Sensing through the Plasma Membrane of Eukaryotic Cells
... binding to the glucose sensors induces a change in their conformation that activates the associated YckI, which catalyses phosphorylation of Mth1 and Std1. The C-terminal, cytoplasmic tails of the glucose sensors enhance signalling, because they interact with Mth1 and Std1 and thereby bring them to ...
... binding to the glucose sensors induces a change in their conformation that activates the associated YckI, which catalyses phosphorylation of Mth1 and Std1. The C-terminal, cytoplasmic tails of the glucose sensors enhance signalling, because they interact with Mth1 and Std1 and thereby bring them to ...
Arterial-venous endothelial plasticity
... We compared NRP1 and TIE2 expression to two other ECspecific genes: VEGFR2, which labels all EC until at least E13, and VEGFR3, which becomes restricted to lymphatic EC in avian and mouse embryos (Kaipainen et al., 1995; Wilting et al., 1997). Expression was examined by in situ hybridization on whol ...
... We compared NRP1 and TIE2 expression to two other ECspecific genes: VEGFR2, which labels all EC until at least E13, and VEGFR3, which becomes restricted to lymphatic EC in avian and mouse embryos (Kaipainen et al., 1995; Wilting et al., 1997). Expression was examined by in situ hybridization on whol ...
The novel endosomal membrane protein Ema interacts with the
... Df(3R)Exel7330 (Parks et al., 2004), show a very similar pheno type. This indicates that the phenotype maps to the insertion, and because the phenotype is quantitatively no worse over the deficiency, that the mutant behaves as a genetic null. Highly conserved ema orthologues are present in multicel ...
... Df(3R)Exel7330 (Parks et al., 2004), show a very similar pheno type. This indicates that the phenotype maps to the insertion, and because the phenotype is quantitatively no worse over the deficiency, that the mutant behaves as a genetic null. Highly conserved ema orthologues are present in multicel ...
A new metabolomic assay to examine inflammation and redox
... Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was determined using two-way ANOVA followed by a Dunnett’s post hoc tests for multiple comparisons between controls and cells treated with different concentrations of LPS and at different time points. ...
... Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was determined using two-way ANOVA followed by a Dunnett’s post hoc tests for multiple comparisons between controls and cells treated with different concentrations of LPS and at different time points. ...
Antisense phenotypes reveal a role for SHY, a pollen
... the pollen to function, the transgene will not transmit through the pollen and a 1:1 ratio of KanR:KanS progeny is predicted. Most of the T1 transformants showed a 2:1 KanR:KanS ratio, suggesting that transmission of the transgene might be impaired. Crosses of KanR T1 or subsequent generation plants ...
... the pollen to function, the transgene will not transmit through the pollen and a 1:1 ratio of KanR:KanS progeny is predicted. Most of the T1 transformants showed a 2:1 KanR:KanS ratio, suggesting that transmission of the transgene might be impaired. Crosses of KanR T1 or subsequent generation plants ...
Synaptic vesicles really do kiss and run
... fied two classes of release events. In simple events, all the dopamine released from a given synaptic vesicle-membrane fusion site was measured in a single amperometric peak. In complex events, the dopamine released from a given synaptic vesicle-membrane fusion site was measured as a series of discr ...
... fied two classes of release events. In simple events, all the dopamine released from a given synaptic vesicle-membrane fusion site was measured in a single amperometric peak. In complex events, the dopamine released from a given synaptic vesicle-membrane fusion site was measured as a series of discr ...
CBS domains: structure, function, and pathology in human proteins
... domains exert an autoinhibitory effect on CBS activity and that AdoMet binding to the CBS domains induces a conformational change, thereby relieving the autoinhibitory clamp. In addition to their regulatory role, the CBS pairs in cystathionine -synthase also affect the multimeric nature of the enzy ...
... domains exert an autoinhibitory effect on CBS activity and that AdoMet binding to the CBS domains induces a conformational change, thereby relieving the autoinhibitory clamp. In addition to their regulatory role, the CBS pairs in cystathionine -synthase also affect the multimeric nature of the enzy ...
The PadR-like transcriptional regulator LftR ensures efficient
... Invasion of the bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes into human host cells requires specialized surface molecules for attachment and induction of phagocytosis. However, efficient invasion is also dependent on factors with house-keeping functions, such as SecA2-dependent secretion of autolysins ...
... Invasion of the bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes into human host cells requires specialized surface molecules for attachment and induction of phagocytosis. However, efficient invasion is also dependent on factors with house-keeping functions, such as SecA2-dependent secretion of autolysins ...
Sink regulation of photosynthesis
... starch, amino acids) synthesis determines the rate at which Pi is recycled back to the reactions of photosynthesis and anything that restricts triose phosphate utilization could effectively limit photosynthesis. Manipulation of Pi supply to chloroplasts directly or with Pi-sequestering compounds suc ...
... starch, amino acids) synthesis determines the rate at which Pi is recycled back to the reactions of photosynthesis and anything that restricts triose phosphate utilization could effectively limit photosynthesis. Manipulation of Pi supply to chloroplasts directly or with Pi-sequestering compounds suc ...
Accurate Prediction of Contact Numbers for Multi
... important structural characteristics such as contact number is expected to accelerate the otherwise slow progress being made in the prediction of 3D structure of proteins. Here, we present a dropout neural network-based method, TMH-Expo, for predicting the contact number of transmembrane helix (TMH) ...
... important structural characteristics such as contact number is expected to accelerate the otherwise slow progress being made in the prediction of 3D structure of proteins. Here, we present a dropout neural network-based method, TMH-Expo, for predicting the contact number of transmembrane helix (TMH) ...
FasL gene knock-down therapy enhances the
... many other solid tumors, express components of numerous immune escape mechanisms, including immunosuppressive proteins such as TGF-b, IL-10, and FasL. Here, we show that FasL expression can support the growth of experimental intracranial glioma. We show that FasL is readily detected in human gliobla ...
... many other solid tumors, express components of numerous immune escape mechanisms, including immunosuppressive proteins such as TGF-b, IL-10, and FasL. Here, we show that FasL expression can support the growth of experimental intracranial glioma. We show that FasL is readily detected in human gliobla ...
Cloning, Expression, and Functional Characterization of TL1A-Ig
... primarily by T lymphocytes, including CD4+, CD8+, and NKT cells and is efficiently upregulated after T cell stimulation. The natural ligand for TNFRSF25, TL1A, is a type II transmembrane protein can be subsequently cleaved as a soluble trimeric protein by a member of metalloproteases. Our lab previo ...
... primarily by T lymphocytes, including CD4+, CD8+, and NKT cells and is efficiently upregulated after T cell stimulation. The natural ligand for TNFRSF25, TL1A, is a type II transmembrane protein can be subsequently cleaved as a soluble trimeric protein by a member of metalloproteases. Our lab previo ...
Gastrulation: Making and Shaping Germ Layers
... of cell fates along the embryonic axes. These processes occur very early during development when most embryos consist of a relatively small number of morphologically similar cells arranged in simple structures, such as cell balls or sheets, which can be flat or cup shaped. The term gastrulation, deri ...
... of cell fates along the embryonic axes. These processes occur very early during development when most embryos consist of a relatively small number of morphologically similar cells arranged in simple structures, such as cell balls or sheets, which can be flat or cup shaped. The term gastrulation, deri ...
Melatonin, mitochondria, and Ca2+ homeostasis in the exocrine
... mainly inflammation and cancer (Bruce and Elliot, 2007). Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease of pancreatic tissue whereby intracellular Ca2+ signaling and enzyme secretion are impaired. In addition, a relationship between pancreatitis and cancer exists (Gong et al., 2014). It has been suggested ...
... mainly inflammation and cancer (Bruce and Elliot, 2007). Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease of pancreatic tissue whereby intracellular Ca2+ signaling and enzyme secretion are impaired. In addition, a relationship between pancreatitis and cancer exists (Gong et al., 2014). It has been suggested ...
Remodeling of endosomes during lysosome biogenesis involves
... features. So far, most, if not all, of the proteins present on endosomes have also been found on phagosomes (Garin et al., 2001). Among these markers, rab5, a member of the rab family of small GTPases present on early endocytic and phagocytic structures has been particularly studied (Chavrier et al. ...
... features. So far, most, if not all, of the proteins present on endosomes have also been found on phagosomes (Garin et al., 2001). Among these markers, rab5, a member of the rab family of small GTPases present on early endocytic and phagocytic structures has been particularly studied (Chavrier et al. ...
Enzymes for Cell Dissociation and Lysis - Sigma
... tissue digestions the crude collagenase products have always been the most effective. Some researchers have tried mixtures of chromatographically purified collagenase with a protease such as trypsin or subtilisin to digest tissue. ...
... tissue digestions the crude collagenase products have always been the most effective. Some researchers have tried mixtures of chromatographically purified collagenase with a protease such as trypsin or subtilisin to digest tissue. ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.