Golgi-SNARE GS28 potentiates cisplatin
... Notably, the products of these two ‘chemoresistance’ genes were shown to induce resistance to cisplatin in a p53-dependent manner. The relevance of the tumour suppressor p53 in cancer is illustrated by the observation that more than 50 % of human cancers harbour mutations in the p53 gene (TP53), and ...
... Notably, the products of these two ‘chemoresistance’ genes were shown to induce resistance to cisplatin in a p53-dependent manner. The relevance of the tumour suppressor p53 in cancer is illustrated by the observation that more than 50 % of human cancers harbour mutations in the p53 gene (TP53), and ...
Local Gene Expression in Axons and Nerve Endings: The Glia
... thought to be exclusively synthesized in the cell body, which delivered them to peripheral sites by axoplasmic transport. Despite this early belief, protein has been shown to be synthesized in axons and nerve terminals, substantially alleviating the trophic burden of the perikaryon. This observation ...
... thought to be exclusively synthesized in the cell body, which delivered them to peripheral sites by axoplasmic transport. Despite this early belief, protein has been shown to be synthesized in axons and nerve terminals, substantially alleviating the trophic burden of the perikaryon. This observation ...
Dynamics of lipoprotein transport in the human circulatory system
... San Francisco, CA 94143-0130, USA ...
... San Francisco, CA 94143-0130, USA ...
EnvZ is not essential for the upregulation of OmpC following
... upregulation has not been elucidated. It is known that Escherichia coli detects increased environmental osmolarity via a membrane-bound sensor, EnvZ, and modulates OmpC and OmpF porin expression to limit permeability of the outer membrane. This study investigated the necessity of EnvZ in the inducti ...
... upregulation has not been elucidated. It is known that Escherichia coli detects increased environmental osmolarity via a membrane-bound sensor, EnvZ, and modulates OmpC and OmpF porin expression to limit permeability of the outer membrane. This study investigated the necessity of EnvZ in the inducti ...
Gcm Target Genes Regulating Glial Development, Diversification
... genes, 39 of which are newly identified. Almost 50% of these fall into one of three classes of predicted protein products: transporter molecules (20%), transcription factors (13%), or proteins involved in signal transduction (13%); this is a significant enrichment over their representation in the Dr ...
... genes, 39 of which are newly identified. Almost 50% of these fall into one of three classes of predicted protein products: transporter molecules (20%), transcription factors (13%), or proteins involved in signal transduction (13%); this is a significant enrichment over their representation in the Dr ...
RA/FGF control Meis in PD limb development
... González-Crespo et al., 1998; González-Crespo and Morata, ...
... González-Crespo et al., 1998; González-Crespo and Morata, ...
Modular organization of cardiac energy metabolism: energy
... Liu & O’Rourke 2009). On the one hand, the observation is that cardiac oxygen consumption depends linearly on the cardiac workload (Starling & Visscher 1927) outlining that under physiological conditions, there is a strict relationship between oxidative ATP synthesis and utilization. On the other ha ...
... Liu & O’Rourke 2009). On the one hand, the observation is that cardiac oxygen consumption depends linearly on the cardiac workload (Starling & Visscher 1927) outlining that under physiological conditions, there is a strict relationship between oxidative ATP synthesis and utilization. On the other ha ...
Mitochondrial Dynamics
... localizes to the inner surface of the cell membrane at division sites, where it forms a ring structure (Z ring) that enables constriction and scission of the parent into two daughter cells. FtsZ is a GTPase, which can hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate to provide a source of energy. However, it is tho ...
... localizes to the inner surface of the cell membrane at division sites, where it forms a ring structure (Z ring) that enables constriction and scission of the parent into two daughter cells. FtsZ is a GTPase, which can hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate to provide a source of energy. However, it is tho ...
Enhancement of Nuclear Factor- B Acetylation by Coactivator p300
... Cell Culture, Plasmids, Expression—Log phase CEM (12D7) T lymphocytes cells were grown in culture at 37 °C up to 1 ⫻ 105 cells/ml in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum treated with a mixture of 1% streptomycin, penicillin antibiotics, and 1% L-glutamine (Invitrogen) (26 –28). HIV-LTR ...
... Cell Culture, Plasmids, Expression—Log phase CEM (12D7) T lymphocytes cells were grown in culture at 37 °C up to 1 ⫻ 105 cells/ml in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum treated with a mixture of 1% streptomycin, penicillin antibiotics, and 1% L-glutamine (Invitrogen) (26 –28). HIV-LTR ...
review on enhancement of glucose uptake and up
... to these synthetic drugs due to their high cost and side effects [2,3]. Long back from Sushruta samhita medicinal plants are conserved as an esteemed source of drugs and becoming a growing part of modern hitech medicine. In contrast to synthetic drugs, herbal medications can target multiple mechanis ...
... to these synthetic drugs due to their high cost and side effects [2,3]. Long back from Sushruta samhita medicinal plants are conserved as an esteemed source of drugs and becoming a growing part of modern hitech medicine. In contrast to synthetic drugs, herbal medications can target multiple mechanis ...
Review Spectrin and calpain
... both ubiquitous and tissue-specific isoforms in higher organisms. Homologues of calpain catalytic subunits are also present in other groups of organisms, including invertebrates, plants and fungi. The two ubiquitously expressed isoforms of the calpain superfamily, m-calpain and mcalpain, are so far ...
... both ubiquitous and tissue-specific isoforms in higher organisms. Homologues of calpain catalytic subunits are also present in other groups of organisms, including invertebrates, plants and fungi. The two ubiquitously expressed isoforms of the calpain superfamily, m-calpain and mcalpain, are so far ...
Mitochondrial membrane lipid remodeling in
... Mitochondria are arbiters in the fragile balance between cell life and death. These organelles present an intricate membrane system, with a peculiar lipid composition and displaying transverse as well as lateral asymmetry. Some lipids are synthesized inside mitochondria, while others have to be impo ...
... Mitochondria are arbiters in the fragile balance between cell life and death. These organelles present an intricate membrane system, with a peculiar lipid composition and displaying transverse as well as lateral asymmetry. Some lipids are synthesized inside mitochondria, while others have to be impo ...
The Role of the Arabidopsis ELD1 Gene in Cell
... processes: division, growth, and differentiation. Changes in cell division and cell growth processes or their control affect the growth and differentiation of the entire plant. Plants with altered cell division and growth often display abnormal morphology and alterations in organogenesis and interna ...
... processes: division, growth, and differentiation. Changes in cell division and cell growth processes or their control affect the growth and differentiation of the entire plant. Plants with altered cell division and growth often display abnormal morphology and alterations in organogenesis and interna ...
Redistribution of membrane proteins between the Golgi apparatus
... transport in the cell types observed does not require cytoskeletal-based mechanochemical motor systems. However, expression of an inhibitory mutant of Arabidopsis Rab 1b (AtRab1b(N121I) signi®cantly slowed down the recovery of Golgi ¯uorescence in BFA treated cells indicating a role for Rab1 in regu ...
... transport in the cell types observed does not require cytoskeletal-based mechanochemical motor systems. However, expression of an inhibitory mutant of Arabidopsis Rab 1b (AtRab1b(N121I) signi®cantly slowed down the recovery of Golgi ¯uorescence in BFA treated cells indicating a role for Rab1 in regu ...
UNIT II - Elsevier Health
... passing to the right. As long as the electrode is outside the nerve membrane, the recorded potential is zero, which is the potential of the extracellular fluid. Then, as the recording electrode passes through the voltage change area at the cell membrane (called the electrical dipole layer), the pote ...
... passing to the right. As long as the electrode is outside the nerve membrane, the recorded potential is zero, which is the potential of the extracellular fluid. Then, as the recording electrode passes through the voltage change area at the cell membrane (called the electrical dipole layer), the pote ...
assembly and enlargement of the primary cell wall in plants
... The tight noncovalent bonding between adjacent glucans within a cellulose microfibril gives this structure remarkable properties. Cellulose has very high tensile strength—equivalent to steel (Wainwright et al 1976)—and is insoluble, chemically stable, and relatively immune to enzymatic attack. Micro ...
... The tight noncovalent bonding between adjacent glucans within a cellulose microfibril gives this structure remarkable properties. Cellulose has very high tensile strength—equivalent to steel (Wainwright et al 1976)—and is insoluble, chemically stable, and relatively immune to enzymatic attack. Micro ...
The Case of Protein Kinase CK2
... CK2β seems to interact directly with more than 40 different proteins, including other protein kinases such as A-Raf, Chk1, Chk2, PKC-ζ, Mos and p90rsk (Bibby & Lichfield, 2005; BolanosGarcia et al., 2006; Olsen & Guerra, 2008). It was shown that association of the human protein kinases Chk1, Mos, an ...
... CK2β seems to interact directly with more than 40 different proteins, including other protein kinases such as A-Raf, Chk1, Chk2, PKC-ζ, Mos and p90rsk (Bibby & Lichfield, 2005; BolanosGarcia et al., 2006; Olsen & Guerra, 2008). It was shown that association of the human protein kinases Chk1, Mos, an ...
9 Propagated Signaling: The Action Potential
... NERVE CELLS ARE ABLE TO carry signals over long distances because of their ability to generate an action potential—a regenerative electrical signal whose amplitude does not attenuate as it moves down the axon. In Chapter 7 we saw how an action potential arises from sequential changes in the membrane ...
... NERVE CELLS ARE ABLE TO carry signals over long distances because of their ability to generate an action potential—a regenerative electrical signal whose amplitude does not attenuate as it moves down the axon. In Chapter 7 we saw how an action potential arises from sequential changes in the membrane ...
Physiology of ionophore transport of potassium and sodium
... selective for potassium ions over sodium ions within the cell membrane, acting as a potassium-specific transporter and facilitates the movement of potassium ions through lipid membranes ‘down’ an electrochemical potential gradient. The stability constant K for the {valinomycin-K+} complex is 106 and ...
... selective for potassium ions over sodium ions within the cell membrane, acting as a potassium-specific transporter and facilitates the movement of potassium ions through lipid membranes ‘down’ an electrochemical potential gradient. The stability constant K for the {valinomycin-K+} complex is 106 and ...
University of Groningen Stress responses and sugar metabolism in
... In addition to these phosphoproteins also low molecular weight molecules such as NADP, glucose‐6‐phosphate (G6P) and fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphate (FBP) can modulate either DNA‐ binding properties or the interaction with the transcriptional machinery of the CcpA‐(HPr‐ Ser ...
... In addition to these phosphoproteins also low molecular weight molecules such as NADP, glucose‐6‐phosphate (G6P) and fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphate (FBP) can modulate either DNA‐ binding properties or the interaction with the transcriptional machinery of the CcpA‐(HPr‐ Ser ...
Glycolytic Enzymes Associate Dynamically with
... respiration are effectively competing demands on the same pathway. To ensure that sufficient respiratory pyruvate is produced in the face of competing withdrawal of upstream intermediates, specific regulatory mechanisms would be required. Substrate channeling between glycolytic enzymes associated wi ...
... respiration are effectively competing demands on the same pathway. To ensure that sufficient respiratory pyruvate is produced in the face of competing withdrawal of upstream intermediates, specific regulatory mechanisms would be required. Substrate channeling between glycolytic enzymes associated wi ...
Morphine: CYP2D6 Modulation Human White Blood Cells Synthesize
... he immune-regulatory effects of opioid chemical messengers are well established (1, 2). Exogenously administered opiates are immunosuppressive, inhibiting both cellular and humoral responses via their cytokine-like effects in both the CNS and the periphery (2). In vitro exposure of human monocytes a ...
... he immune-regulatory effects of opioid chemical messengers are well established (1, 2). Exogenously administered opiates are immunosuppressive, inhibiting both cellular and humoral responses via their cytokine-like effects in both the CNS and the periphery (2). In vitro exposure of human monocytes a ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.