Life and death of transcriptional co
... mordial follicles and distributes to the nucleus during different in a particular cellular environment or rapid removal of p300 stages of oocyte growth.67 from a specific chromatin locus is essential to synchronize the Besides being degraded through the aggresome system, p300 activation or repressio ...
... mordial follicles and distributes to the nucleus during different in a particular cellular environment or rapid removal of p300 stages of oocyte growth.67 from a specific chromatin locus is essential to synchronize the Besides being degraded through the aggresome system, p300 activation or repressio ...
Plasticity in Cell Division Patterns and Auxin
... Bassuner et al., 2007), indicates that ordered cell divisions are not required for embryo patterning and functionality. Here, we used the in vitro Brassica napus microspore embryogenesis system to understand how nonregular patterns of cell division influence the formation of a functional embryo. In t ...
... Bassuner et al., 2007), indicates that ordered cell divisions are not required for embryo patterning and functionality. Here, we used the in vitro Brassica napus microspore embryogenesis system to understand how nonregular patterns of cell division influence the formation of a functional embryo. In t ...
Lens Major Intrinsic Protein (MIP)
... turbidity assay. The absorbance time course at 350 nm was monitored when PC-Mbs vesicles (-) and PC vesicles (A)were mixed with 25 pM PS vesicles. Vesicles were incubated in the same solution described for Figure 1. After 3 min of preincubation, 25 r M PS vesicles was added to the cuvette (arrow). e ...
... turbidity assay. The absorbance time course at 350 nm was monitored when PC-Mbs vesicles (-) and PC vesicles (A)were mixed with 25 pM PS vesicles. Vesicles were incubated in the same solution described for Figure 1. After 3 min of preincubation, 25 r M PS vesicles was added to the cuvette (arrow). e ...
The intercalated disc-associated Xin family of proteins in cardiac
... mechanical and electrical communication among adjacent cardiomyocytes. More recently, it has been increasingly realized that ICDs also function in signal transduction and regulation of the surface expression of ion channels. Accordingly, defects of ICD components are shown to cause a number of human ...
... mechanical and electrical communication among adjacent cardiomyocytes. More recently, it has been increasingly realized that ICDs also function in signal transduction and regulation of the surface expression of ion channels. Accordingly, defects of ICD components are shown to cause a number of human ...
by Booij (Leyden). Introductory § i. systems § 2
... These are condensed systems of an amorphous characthough it is possible that they consist of very fine colloid crystals. ...
... These are condensed systems of an amorphous characthough it is possible that they consist of very fine colloid crystals. ...
Full-Text PDF
... nuclease and helicase components required to generate a 3’ single-stranded DNA overhang, which is further recognized by the Rad51 recombinase to initiate strand invasion in homologous recombination (HR). Thus, it is assumed that a similar role is played in archaea by HerA, NurA, and Mre11 and Rad50 ...
... nuclease and helicase components required to generate a 3’ single-stranded DNA overhang, which is further recognized by the Rad51 recombinase to initiate strand invasion in homologous recombination (HR). Thus, it is assumed that a similar role is played in archaea by HerA, NurA, and Mre11 and Rad50 ...
Moore BA, Gonzalez Aviles GD, Larkins CE, Hillman MJ, Caspary T. Mamm Genome. 2010 Aug;21(7-8):350-60. Mitochondrial retention of Opa1 is required for mouse embryogenesis
... for details). From this sequencing we identified a single mutation: an A ? G transition mutation in intron 19 of Opa1 that created a cryptic splice acceptor site (Fig. 1). From the sequencing of Opa1 cDNA extracted from lilR3 embryos, we verified that the predominant transcript produced from the mut ...
... for details). From this sequencing we identified a single mutation: an A ? G transition mutation in intron 19 of Opa1 that created a cryptic splice acceptor site (Fig. 1). From the sequencing of Opa1 cDNA extracted from lilR3 embryos, we verified that the predominant transcript produced from the mut ...
AcmA of Lactococcus lactis is an N-acetylglucosaminidase
... expressing AcmA derivatives A4, A2, A1, A2(R2 & 3) and A1(R3), respectively, are indicated by lines. (B) Lane 1: zymographic analysis of AcmA activity in supernatant fractions of end-exponential phase culture of MG1363 containing pGK13. Lanes 2–8: L. lactis MG1363acmAD1 containing either pGK13, not ...
... expressing AcmA derivatives A4, A2, A1, A2(R2 & 3) and A1(R3), respectively, are indicated by lines. (B) Lane 1: zymographic analysis of AcmA activity in supernatant fractions of end-exponential phase culture of MG1363 containing pGK13. Lanes 2–8: L. lactis MG1363acmAD1 containing either pGK13, not ...
F-Spondin Is Required for Accurate Pathfinding of Commissural
... can act either as short-range cues in the form of membrane-attached and extracellular matrix-bound proteins or as long-range cues in the form of diffusible molecules. It is the relative balance between attractive and repulsive forces that regulates the directionality of axonal outgrowth during devel ...
... can act either as short-range cues in the form of membrane-attached and extracellular matrix-bound proteins or as long-range cues in the form of diffusible molecules. It is the relative balance between attractive and repulsive forces that regulates the directionality of axonal outgrowth during devel ...
QNQKE Targeting Motif for the SMN-Gemin Multiprotein Complex in Neurons *
... when disrupted could impair neuronal growth, differentiation, and survival. Previous immunocytochemical studies have localized SMN in dendrites (Bechade et al., 1999; Pagliardini et al., 2000) and axons (Pagliardini et al., 2000) of spinal cord motor neurons in vivo, but the significance of this peri ...
... when disrupted could impair neuronal growth, differentiation, and survival. Previous immunocytochemical studies have localized SMN in dendrites (Bechade et al., 1999; Pagliardini et al., 2000) and axons (Pagliardini et al., 2000) of spinal cord motor neurons in vivo, but the significance of this peri ...
An evolutionarily conserved mechanism for cAMP elicited axonal
... Wnd/JNK signaling indicates that activated PKA stimulates Wnd signaling. A pan-neuronal driver (BG380-Gal4) is used to express UAS-dnc-RNAi, UASPKACA or UAS-PKACA together with UAS-wnd-RNAi or a control-RNAi. Example images are shown of cell bodies in the dorsal midline of the ventral nerve cord; (a ...
... Wnd/JNK signaling indicates that activated PKA stimulates Wnd signaling. A pan-neuronal driver (BG380-Gal4) is used to express UAS-dnc-RNAi, UASPKACA or UAS-PKACA together with UAS-wnd-RNAi or a control-RNAi. Example images are shown of cell bodies in the dorsal midline of the ventral nerve cord; (a ...
Drosophila Sirt2/mammalian SIRT3 deacetylates ATP synthase and
... Figure 1. Increase in ceramide levels results in depletion of NAD+ and decrease in sirtuin activity leading to hyperacetylation of proteins in different cellular compartments. (A) dcerk1 fly extracts show 65% reduction in NAD+ level compared with w1118 control. n = 3. (B) NAD synthesis and salvage ...
... Figure 1. Increase in ceramide levels results in depletion of NAD+ and decrease in sirtuin activity leading to hyperacetylation of proteins in different cellular compartments. (A) dcerk1 fly extracts show 65% reduction in NAD+ level compared with w1118 control. n = 3. (B) NAD synthesis and salvage ...
Development, structure, and maintenance of C
... development. However, in hlh-1 null mutant animals, the 81 embryonic body wall muscle cells are produced (Chen et al., 1992; Chen et al., 1994). These observations suggest that hlh-1 is important for development but not essential for myogenic differentiation, and that one or more other factors are i ...
... development. However, in hlh-1 null mutant animals, the 81 embryonic body wall muscle cells are produced (Chen et al., 1992; Chen et al., 1994). These observations suggest that hlh-1 is important for development but not essential for myogenic differentiation, and that one or more other factors are i ...
The scaffolding protein Cnk Interacts with Alk to Promote Visceral
... In Drosophila, the receptor tyrosine kinase Alk and its ligand Jeb are required to drive founder ...
... In Drosophila, the receptor tyrosine kinase Alk and its ligand Jeb are required to drive founder ...
Effects of Ammonia and Lactate on Hybridoma Growth, Metabolism
... The influence of ammonia and lactate on cell growth, metabolic, and antibody production rates was investigated for murine hybridoma cell line 163.4653during batch culture. The specific growth rate was reduced by one-half in the presence of an initial ammonia concentration of 4 mM. Increasing ammonia ...
... The influence of ammonia and lactate on cell growth, metabolic, and antibody production rates was investigated for murine hybridoma cell line 163.4653during batch culture. The specific growth rate was reduced by one-half in the presence of an initial ammonia concentration of 4 mM. Increasing ammonia ...
Evasion of the Immune Response by Trypanosoma cruzi during
... reactive species. Lysosomal acidification of the parasitophorous vacuole is an important factor that allows trypomastigote escape from the extremely oxidative environment of the phagolysosome to the cytoplasm, where it differentiates into amastigote forms. In the cytosol of infected macrophages, oxi ...
... reactive species. Lysosomal acidification of the parasitophorous vacuole is an important factor that allows trypomastigote escape from the extremely oxidative environment of the phagolysosome to the cytoplasm, where it differentiates into amastigote forms. In the cytosol of infected macrophages, oxi ...
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... PhoP/PhoR, have been identified. The catabolite control protein CcpA controls expression of glycolytic genes and tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory chain enzymes, while PhoP/ PhoR controls the ArcA/ArcB analogs (called ResE/ResD) (3, 54). In L. lactis, an FNR homologue and two-component system ...
... PhoP/PhoR, have been identified. The catabolite control protein CcpA controls expression of glycolytic genes and tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory chain enzymes, while PhoP/ PhoR controls the ArcA/ArcB analogs (called ResE/ResD) (3, 54). In L. lactis, an FNR homologue and two-component system ...
- Wiley Online Library
... To investigate whether the root tissue defects in the mutant were caused by the mutation of OsIAA23, WT plants were transformed with the mutated gene under the control of its native promoter. The majority of the transgenic plants exhibited phenotypes characteristic of heterozygous Osiaa23, including ...
... To investigate whether the root tissue defects in the mutant were caused by the mutation of OsIAA23, WT plants were transformed with the mutated gene under the control of its native promoter. The majority of the transgenic plants exhibited phenotypes characteristic of heterozygous Osiaa23, including ...
Photoactivatable GFP tagging cassettes for protein
... insights into the steady state distribution of the protein over time. However, in order to track protein movement within the cell, more complex imaging experiments, such as fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), are required. FRAP is traditionally performed by selectively photobleaching ...
... insights into the steady state distribution of the protein over time. However, in order to track protein movement within the cell, more complex imaging experiments, such as fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), are required. FRAP is traditionally performed by selectively photobleaching ...
Ixodes scapularis the Saliva of the Lyme Disease Vector Tick
... mouse T cells by using Con A (16, 23–28), PHA (24), and antiCD3 (20). This effect has also been demonstrated on bovine lymphocytes with Con A stimulation (29, 30). This putative immunomodulatory phenomenon is particularly intriguing because of the central role played by T cells in the orchestration ...
... mouse T cells by using Con A (16, 23–28), PHA (24), and antiCD3 (20). This effect has also been demonstrated on bovine lymphocytes with Con A stimulation (29, 30). This putative immunomodulatory phenomenon is particularly intriguing because of the central role played by T cells in the orchestration ...
Active Hair Bundle Movements and the Cochlear Amplifier
... These mechanisms can vary between species, but there are some fundamental similarities used by hair cells to overcome difficulties that are common to each. One common problem faced by all hair cells is that the energy associated with sound at threshold is small. In order to obtain such low threshold ...
... These mechanisms can vary between species, but there are some fundamental similarities used by hair cells to overcome difficulties that are common to each. One common problem faced by all hair cells is that the energy associated with sound at threshold is small. In order to obtain such low threshold ...
olfaction
... thalamus there is a projection to orbitofrontal cortex where odor perception and discrimination takes place. Electrical stimulation of piriform cortex causes olfactory sensations. People with lesions of orbitofrontal cortex are unable to discriminate odors. Pathways through amygdala and hypothalamus ...
... thalamus there is a projection to orbitofrontal cortex where odor perception and discrimination takes place. Electrical stimulation of piriform cortex causes olfactory sensations. People with lesions of orbitofrontal cortex are unable to discriminate odors. Pathways through amygdala and hypothalamus ...
Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson`s disease
... a parkin upstream factor that accumulates on mitochondria upon depolarization of mitochondria and recruits parkin onto mitochondria [73]. As a mitochondrial protein, PINK1 has multiple roles in mitochondria, including mitophagy [73], mitochondrial traffic [74], mitochondrial dynamics [75] and comple ...
... a parkin upstream factor that accumulates on mitochondria upon depolarization of mitochondria and recruits parkin onto mitochondria [73]. As a mitochondrial protein, PINK1 has multiple roles in mitochondria, including mitophagy [73], mitochondrial traffic [74], mitochondrial dynamics [75] and comple ...
Surge and destroy: the role of auxin in plant embryogenesis
... transcriptional activation domains (Tiwari et al., 2003). The extent of DR5 reporter activity is often used as an indicator of the active auxin present in a given cell. Two observations suggest that DR5 activity alone is not a sufficient way to measure intracellular auxin activity. First, in the pre ...
... transcriptional activation domains (Tiwari et al., 2003). The extent of DR5 reporter activity is often used as an indicator of the active auxin present in a given cell. Two observations suggest that DR5 activity alone is not a sufficient way to measure intracellular auxin activity. First, in the pre ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.