Amino Acid Similarity Accounts for T Cell Cross
... estimating physicochemical similarity, and thus T cell crossreactivity. In summary, the above results demonstrate that biochemical similarity plays a large role in defining CTL crossreactivity when sequence identity is low. In such cases, crossreactivity is observed for non-identical, but conservati ...
... estimating physicochemical similarity, and thus T cell crossreactivity. In summary, the above results demonstrate that biochemical similarity plays a large role in defining CTL crossreactivity when sequence identity is low. In such cases, crossreactivity is observed for non-identical, but conservati ...
View Full Page PDF - Physiological Reviews
... leukocyte influx from the circulation is the coordinated interaction of specific cellular receptors on the migrating leukocytes with corresponding ligands on adjacent endothelial cells. A scheme for leukocyte recruitment was developed that revolved around the regulated expression of distinct familie ...
... leukocyte influx from the circulation is the coordinated interaction of specific cellular receptors on the migrating leukocytes with corresponding ligands on adjacent endothelial cells. A scheme for leukocyte recruitment was developed that revolved around the regulated expression of distinct familie ...
Nuclear and Nucleolar Localization by the N
... dependent on the N-terminal domain (3). Most likely the N-terminus functions in nuclear targeting and since the 166-210-amino acid region of human topo I can form a complex with nucleolin, a possible mechanism for nucleolar localization of topo I was proposed (4). Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is ...
... dependent on the N-terminal domain (3). Most likely the N-terminus functions in nuclear targeting and since the 166-210-amino acid region of human topo I can form a complex with nucleolin, a possible mechanism for nucleolar localization of topo I was proposed (4). Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is ...
RNA Trafficking and Local Protein Synthesis in Dendrites: An
... Greenberg and colleagues (Schratt et al., 2004, 2006) used bioinformatics approaches to look for potential miRNA binding sites in a group of mRNAs that they had previously shown to be translated in cultured neurons in response to BDNF. They found that the miRNA mir134 bound to sites in the 3⬘UTR of ...
... Greenberg and colleagues (Schratt et al., 2004, 2006) used bioinformatics approaches to look for potential miRNA binding sites in a group of mRNAs that they had previously shown to be translated in cultured neurons in response to BDNF. They found that the miRNA mir134 bound to sites in the 3⬘UTR of ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... the target membrane compartments. The molecular mechanism and machinery components of membrane trafficking are conserved from unicellular organisms, such as yeasts, to complex multicellular eukaryotes, such as animals and plants. However, the physiological functions of membrane trafficking have been ...
... the target membrane compartments. The molecular mechanism and machinery components of membrane trafficking are conserved from unicellular organisms, such as yeasts, to complex multicellular eukaryotes, such as animals and plants. However, the physiological functions of membrane trafficking have been ...
mRNA at the Synapse - Journal of Neuroscience
... localization of mRNAs outside the neuron cell body. Their in situ hybridization studies on cortical and hippocampal tissue showed that the mRNA coding for MAP-2, a microtubule-associated protein found predominantly in dendrites, was present in both cell body and dendritic layers of these tissues. Th ...
... localization of mRNAs outside the neuron cell body. Their in situ hybridization studies on cortical and hippocampal tissue showed that the mRNA coding for MAP-2, a microtubule-associated protein found predominantly in dendrites, was present in both cell body and dendritic layers of these tissues. Th ...
Ligand Binding and Allosteric Regulation
... – Amino acid differences between and reduces HbF's affinity for 2,3-BPG, thus increasing its affinity for O2 under physiological conditions. ...
... – Amino acid differences between and reduces HbF's affinity for 2,3-BPG, thus increasing its affinity for O2 under physiological conditions. ...
Gene Expression and the Control of Food Intake by Hypothalamic
... Both androgens and estrogens have been found to affect POMC gene expression [104, 105]. For example, ovariectomy decreases POMC mRNA in the ARC [106], and this regulation is reversed by a short term replacement of estradiol [106]. Such nuclear steroid hormone receptors regulate the transcription of ...
... Both androgens and estrogens have been found to affect POMC gene expression [104, 105]. For example, ovariectomy decreases POMC mRNA in the ARC [106], and this regulation is reversed by a short term replacement of estradiol [106]. Such nuclear steroid hormone receptors regulate the transcription of ...
Pausing of Golgi Bodies on Microtubules Regulates
... and 1O). VHA-a1 compartments rapidly associated and dissociated with Golgi bodies (Figures 1L to 1O; see Supplemental Movie 2 online). Most often a single VHA-a1 compartment was found centered beneath a Golgi stack (Figure 1L). The occasional presence of GFP-CESA3 in the TGN was further confirmed in ...
... and 1O). VHA-a1 compartments rapidly associated and dissociated with Golgi bodies (Figures 1L to 1O; see Supplemental Movie 2 online). Most often a single VHA-a1 compartment was found centered beneath a Golgi stack (Figure 1L). The occasional presence of GFP-CESA3 in the TGN was further confirmed in ...
Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous
... • The general senses describe our sensitivity to temperature, touch, pressure, vibration, pain and proprioception. They involve receptors that are relatively simple in structure and distributed throughout the body. • The special senses include hearing, smell, taste, vision and balance (equilibrium). ...
... • The general senses describe our sensitivity to temperature, touch, pressure, vibration, pain and proprioception. They involve receptors that are relatively simple in structure and distributed throughout the body. • The special senses include hearing, smell, taste, vision and balance (equilibrium). ...
Comparison of environmental and isolate Sulfobacillus genomes
... it accepts electrons from cytochrome c and not quinones, [51,52]. Additionally, cytochrome c-binding sites (CXXCH) were identified in the C-terminal end of both subunits II and IV which are not present in any other terminal oxidases here, suggesting the electron transport chain of AMDSBA4 is distinc ...
... it accepts electrons from cytochrome c and not quinones, [51,52]. Additionally, cytochrome c-binding sites (CXXCH) were identified in the C-terminal end of both subunits II and IV which are not present in any other terminal oxidases here, suggesting the electron transport chain of AMDSBA4 is distinc ...
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-like Molecules in the Retina
... the central cut end of the left optic nerve in an anesthetized frog. Two to three days later the animal was reanesthetized and perfused with fixative. The tectum was then serially sectioned, with the plane of the sections being as close as possible to coronal. Each section was then split in the mids ...
... the central cut end of the left optic nerve in an anesthetized frog. Two to three days later the animal was reanesthetized and perfused with fixative. The tectum was then serially sectioned, with the plane of the sections being as close as possible to coronal. Each section was then split in the mids ...
Microtubule cortical array organization and plant cell morphogenesis
... cells in random orientations before the array attains a high degree of order. Likewise, when cortical microtubules are depolymerized with drugs then allowed to recover, the array is initially disorganized and gradually regains an ordered appearance, showing that microtubules are not polymerized into ...
... cells in random orientations before the array attains a high degree of order. Likewise, when cortical microtubules are depolymerized with drugs then allowed to recover, the array is initially disorganized and gradually regains an ordered appearance, showing that microtubules are not polymerized into ...
Binding Site Differences Revealed by Crystal
... Acyl-coenzyme A binding proteins (ACBPs) are a family of 86 to 103 residue proteins with conserved amino acid sequences.2 A total of 30 sequences have been described from a wide range of species and genomic sequence data, such as from Caenorhabditis elegans, have suggested the existence of other pro ...
... Acyl-coenzyme A binding proteins (ACBPs) are a family of 86 to 103 residue proteins with conserved amino acid sequences.2 A total of 30 sequences have been described from a wide range of species and genomic sequence data, such as from Caenorhabditis elegans, have suggested the existence of other pro ...
Association of Calmodulin and an Unconventional Myosin with the
... the eukaryotic microorganism Dictyostelium discoideum. Calmodulin is a small, highly conserved, calcium-binding protein found in all eukaryotic cells; it has been implicated in the regulation of many aspects of cellular metabolism and cell motility (reviewed in Manalan and Klee, 1984; Cohen and Klee ...
... the eukaryotic microorganism Dictyostelium discoideum. Calmodulin is a small, highly conserved, calcium-binding protein found in all eukaryotic cells; it has been implicated in the regulation of many aspects of cellular metabolism and cell motility (reviewed in Manalan and Klee, 1984; Cohen and Klee ...
IJEB 48(4) 373-377
... The diet rich in riboflavin increased the induction period of liver tumours by azo-dyes21. Similary, rats fed with both riboflavin and cupric oxyacetate hexahydrate delayed the formation of liver tumour induced by azo-dyes18. The results of the present study also indicate that supplementation of vit ...
... The diet rich in riboflavin increased the induction period of liver tumours by azo-dyes21. Similary, rats fed with both riboflavin and cupric oxyacetate hexahydrate delayed the formation of liver tumour induced by azo-dyes18. The results of the present study also indicate that supplementation of vit ...
Complex networks orchestrate epithelial–mesenchymal transitions
... Signalling EMT Tissue-culture studies have been instrumental in defining the molecular regulation of EMT. These studies show that several extracellular activators can trigger EMT, that extensive crosstalk exists between the signalling pathways that activate and repress EMT, and that EMT-inducing sig ...
... Signalling EMT Tissue-culture studies have been instrumental in defining the molecular regulation of EMT. These studies show that several extracellular activators can trigger EMT, that extensive crosstalk exists between the signalling pathways that activate and repress EMT, and that EMT-inducing sig ...
Coupling cellular oscillators—circadian and cell division cycles in cyanobacteria Bernardo F Pando
... expressed in a ring in the middle of a cell just before it divides. Though there are probably more intermediate steps between the identified players and perhaps some other pathways might regulate other stages of the cell division cycle, this study identified some of these mechanisms, leading to a be ...
... expressed in a ring in the middle of a cell just before it divides. Though there are probably more intermediate steps between the identified players and perhaps some other pathways might regulate other stages of the cell division cycle, this study identified some of these mechanisms, leading to a be ...
Topics Covered MEMBRANE FUNCTION
... of new membrane components required to service the new contractile components. - myofiber membranes are more resistant to damage than those in unexercised muscle as evidenced by reduced levels of circulating myofiber damage markers after a period of regular exercise. - appears to be a “training effe ...
... of new membrane components required to service the new contractile components. - myofiber membranes are more resistant to damage than those in unexercised muscle as evidenced by reduced levels of circulating myofiber damage markers after a period of regular exercise. - appears to be a “training effe ...
PROTEIN DEPHOSPHORYLATION AND THE INTRACELLULAR
... presumably by down-regulating Cdk1 expression (32), arrest mitosis (33,34), and induce apoptosis (35-37). Similar examples could be cited for other phosphatase inhibitors. How are we to make sense of this confusion without blaming the different cell types used in these studies? A re-examination of t ...
... presumably by down-regulating Cdk1 expression (32), arrest mitosis (33,34), and induce apoptosis (35-37). Similar examples could be cited for other phosphatase inhibitors. How are we to make sense of this confusion without blaming the different cell types used in these studies? A re-examination of t ...
Current Status and Future Prospectives of C1 Domain Ligands as
... reorganization [23] – a process that is also regulated by PKCs, DGKs and the chimaerins [24]. Thus, PKC is not the only potential drug target among C1 domain-containing proteins. At present, the disease models (both in vitro and in vivo) in which the effects of C1 domain ligands have been characteri ...
... reorganization [23] – a process that is also regulated by PKCs, DGKs and the chimaerins [24]. Thus, PKC is not the only potential drug target among C1 domain-containing proteins. At present, the disease models (both in vitro and in vivo) in which the effects of C1 domain ligands have been characteri ...
Cyclin synthesis and degradation and the embryonic cell cycle
... experiments in which tissue culture cells in different stages of the cell cycle were fused to each other (Rao and Johnson, 1970). The dependent cycle can be viewed either as a traditional biochemical pathway where the product of each step acts as a substrate for the next, or as a series of essential ...
... experiments in which tissue culture cells in different stages of the cell cycle were fused to each other (Rao and Johnson, 1970). The dependent cycle can be viewed either as a traditional biochemical pathway where the product of each step acts as a substrate for the next, or as a series of essential ...
Why Are Olfactory Systems of Different Animals So Similar?
... must pass through the fluid overlying the olfactory receptor neurons, above the sensory epithelium or within the sensillum or amphid organ. In some insects and mammals, this fluid has been found to contain specialized molecules that bind odorants, and which are called odorant binding proteins (OBPs) ...
... must pass through the fluid overlying the olfactory receptor neurons, above the sensory epithelium or within the sensillum or amphid organ. In some insects and mammals, this fluid has been found to contain specialized molecules that bind odorants, and which are called odorant binding proteins (OBPs) ...
Pausing of Golgi Bodies on Microtubules Regulates
... and 1O). VHA-a1 compartments rapidly associated and dissociated with Golgi bodies (Figures 1L to 1O; see Supplemental Movie 2 online). Most often a single VHA-a1 compartment was found centered beneath a Golgi stack (Figure 1L). The occasional presence of GFP-CESA3 in the TGN was further confirmed in ...
... and 1O). VHA-a1 compartments rapidly associated and dissociated with Golgi bodies (Figures 1L to 1O; see Supplemental Movie 2 online). Most often a single VHA-a1 compartment was found centered beneath a Golgi stack (Figure 1L). The occasional presence of GFP-CESA3 in the TGN was further confirmed in ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.