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... A: Something in cells can stimulate the GTPase activity B: Something in intro inhibits the GTPase activity The student and PI were mammalian biochemists. What system will they likely chose to identify the “something”? ...
... A: Something in cells can stimulate the GTPase activity B: Something in intro inhibits the GTPase activity The student and PI were mammalian biochemists. What system will they likely chose to identify the “something”? ...
From Structure to Function
... residues in reasonable proximity, yet provide microenvironments around each one that make it unfavorable for them to exchange a proton. This occurs in many enzyme active sites; for example, in aspartate aminotransferase, a lysine and an aspartic acid are both involved in binding the pyridoxal phosph ...
... residues in reasonable proximity, yet provide microenvironments around each one that make it unfavorable for them to exchange a proton. This occurs in many enzyme active sites; for example, in aspartate aminotransferase, a lysine and an aspartic acid are both involved in binding the pyridoxal phosph ...
Review. Glial cells in neuronal network function
... have a strong impact on the neuronal network by influencing the extracellular diffusion of neurotransmitters (Syková & Nicholson 2008; Theodosis et al. 2008). The hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus has been a paradigmatic brain area where activity-dependent structural changes in the astrocytic coverag ...
... have a strong impact on the neuronal network by influencing the extracellular diffusion of neurotransmitters (Syková & Nicholson 2008; Theodosis et al. 2008). The hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus has been a paradigmatic brain area where activity-dependent structural changes in the astrocytic coverag ...
Proteomic capacity of recent fluorescent dyes for
... compared from the patterns obtained with different quantities of a total extract of Arabidopsis proteins. In terms of sensitivity, assuming that the whole protein pattern was detected for 4 lg proteins (Fig. 1), SR appeared to be able to evidence a complex pattern down to ca. 0.5 lg, whereas the two ...
... compared from the patterns obtained with different quantities of a total extract of Arabidopsis proteins. In terms of sensitivity, assuming that the whole protein pattern was detected for 4 lg proteins (Fig. 1), SR appeared to be able to evidence a complex pattern down to ca. 0.5 lg, whereas the two ...
emboj200925-sup
... of a xylose-inducible promoter at the amyE locus. The native gene ltaS or yqgS respectively was deleted to generate strains 4607 and 4609 with the fusion protein as the only copy when inducing expression. ...
... of a xylose-inducible promoter at the amyE locus. The native gene ltaS or yqgS respectively was deleted to generate strains 4607 and 4609 with the fusion protein as the only copy when inducing expression. ...
ZAMZAMI N, KROEMER G, 2001. The mitochondrion in apoptosis
... including the apoptosis-specific activation of caspases. • MMP is a more accurate predictive parameter for cell death than caspase activation (which often is not required for cell death to occur and, in contrast, may also participate in positive signalling). • Many pro-apoptotic proteins and second ...
... including the apoptosis-specific activation of caspases. • MMP is a more accurate predictive parameter for cell death than caspase activation (which often is not required for cell death to occur and, in contrast, may also participate in positive signalling). • Many pro-apoptotic proteins and second ...
Overexpression of vinculin suppresses cell motility in BALB/c 3T3 cells
... overexpression of vinculin in 3T3 cells by about 20%, following transfection, brings about a major change in the dynamic properties of cells. This was manifested by an extensive decrease in the migration of the transfected cells into an artificial wound and in a significant reduction in locomotory a ...
... overexpression of vinculin in 3T3 cells by about 20%, following transfection, brings about a major change in the dynamic properties of cells. This was manifested by an extensive decrease in the migration of the transfected cells into an artificial wound and in a significant reduction in locomotory a ...
PDF - Oxford Academic
... axons that innervate the ampullae without Anatomy being stimulated. Indications are that this discharge is spontaneous because under Hair cells (Fig. 1A) of canal neuromasts maintained DC electrical stimulation, the are cylindrical and, unlike those of the initial increase in the action potential fr ...
... axons that innervate the ampullae without Anatomy being stimulated. Indications are that this discharge is spontaneous because under Hair cells (Fig. 1A) of canal neuromasts maintained DC electrical stimulation, the are cylindrical and, unlike those of the initial increase in the action potential fr ...
Src protein–tyrosine kinase structure and regulation
... conformation; this corresponds to Tyr416 in Src. Src kinase and members of the Src-kinase family thus have ...
... conformation; this corresponds to Tyr416 in Src. Src kinase and members of the Src-kinase family thus have ...
Protein Acetylation as an Integral Part of Metabolism in Cancer
... Acetylation of lysine is one of the major post-translational modifications of histone and non-histone proteins of eukaryotic cells. Acetylation has been indicated as an avenue for cellular response to environmental, nutritional and behavioral factors. At the same time, aberrant protein acetylation h ...
... Acetylation of lysine is one of the major post-translational modifications of histone and non-histone proteins of eukaryotic cells. Acetylation has been indicated as an avenue for cellular response to environmental, nutritional and behavioral factors. At the same time, aberrant protein acetylation h ...
chapter 11
... PRACTICE PROBLEMS Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a disease caused by a missing phenylalanine-508 in a protein containing 1480 amino acids. The protein is necessary for chloride ions (Cl-) to pass through the cell membrane. The abnormal CF protein does not fold correctly as a result of the missing amino aci ...
... PRACTICE PROBLEMS Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a disease caused by a missing phenylalanine-508 in a protein containing 1480 amino acids. The protein is necessary for chloride ions (Cl-) to pass through the cell membrane. The abnormal CF protein does not fold correctly as a result of the missing amino aci ...
Cellular Disulfide Bond Formation in Bioactive Peptides and
... and mitochondria [60,61]. However being photosynthetic cells, they possess chloroplasts where there is a huge burden to fold hundreds of enzymes in order to maintain photosynthetic activity [62]. Thus, chloroplasts contain a specialized enzyme system for protein oxidation and folding [63,64]. Vitami ...
... and mitochondria [60,61]. However being photosynthetic cells, they possess chloroplasts where there is a huge burden to fold hundreds of enzymes in order to maintain photosynthetic activity [62]. Thus, chloroplasts contain a specialized enzyme system for protein oxidation and folding [63,64]. Vitami ...
315-332
... as well as between plant species. This variability may reflect specific cell function. For example, many secondary cell walls, particularly xylem cells, contain lignin which increases wall strength. CELL WALL COMPOSITION Analytical methods used in cell wall studies Cell wall composition has been det ...
... as well as between plant species. This variability may reflect specific cell function. For example, many secondary cell walls, particularly xylem cells, contain lignin which increases wall strength. CELL WALL COMPOSITION Analytical methods used in cell wall studies Cell wall composition has been det ...
Becke S, Fabre-Mersseman V, Aue S, Auerochs S
... from HFF was clearly impaired at all times tested, compared with parental (RV-HB5) and revertant (RV-VM4) viruses (Fig. 1a). To analyse whether the expression of the pp65– VM1 fusion protein was reduced in comparison to wild-type (wt)-pp65, Western blot analysis of infected cells was performed (Fig. ...
... from HFF was clearly impaired at all times tested, compared with parental (RV-HB5) and revertant (RV-VM4) viruses (Fig. 1a). To analyse whether the expression of the pp65– VM1 fusion protein was reduced in comparison to wild-type (wt)-pp65, Western blot analysis of infected cells was performed (Fig. ...
prosthetic group as non polypeptide biocatalyst essential for
... enzymes need helpers or partners, and some don't. There are different types of enzyme helpers, too, with different enzymes requiring different helpers or different kinds of friends. There are examples of cofactors, coenzymes and prosthetic groups in many biological processes. For example, cellular r ...
... enzymes need helpers or partners, and some don't. There are different types of enzyme helpers, too, with different enzymes requiring different helpers or different kinds of friends. There are examples of cofactors, coenzymes and prosthetic groups in many biological processes. For example, cellular r ...
The essential role of anionic transport in plant cells
... (reviewed in Barbier-Brygoo et al., 2000; Roberts, 2006; de Angeli et al., 2007). The presence of the wall has hindered electrophysiological studies, which require free access to the plasma membrane. The use of cell protoplasts, obtained by either enzymatic digestion or laser microsurgery methods (e ...
... (reviewed in Barbier-Brygoo et al., 2000; Roberts, 2006; de Angeli et al., 2007). The presence of the wall has hindered electrophysiological studies, which require free access to the plasma membrane. The use of cell protoplasts, obtained by either enzymatic digestion or laser microsurgery methods (e ...
PAI-1 - Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange
... fractions and making an elution profile. The PAI-1 peak fractions were pooled and 100 µL aliquots were stored in -80°C freezer until use. Proteins were analyzed for purity by SDS-PAGE and identity of PAI-1 proteins was confirmed by Western blot. Mutants were assayed for tPAbinding activity. To measu ...
... fractions and making an elution profile. The PAI-1 peak fractions were pooled and 100 µL aliquots were stored in -80°C freezer until use. Proteins were analyzed for purity by SDS-PAGE and identity of PAI-1 proteins was confirmed by Western blot. Mutants were assayed for tPAbinding activity. To measu ...
Chemical Genomic Profiling for Identifying
... products and toxicants is fundamental for determining the molecular mechanisms that underlie their toxicity. Chemogenomic profiling of various compounds demonstrated that this genome-wide assay specifically allows the identification of gene products or in this study—genetic pathways that functionall ...
... products and toxicants is fundamental for determining the molecular mechanisms that underlie their toxicity. Chemogenomic profiling of various compounds demonstrated that this genome-wide assay specifically allows the identification of gene products or in this study—genetic pathways that functionall ...
Allergen-Sensitization Increases Mast
... Background: Activation of mast cells (MCs) via aggregation of immunoglobulin E (IgE) bound to its high affinity receptor (FcεRI) results in release of inflammatory mediators from secretory granules. Histamine is one of the critical biological mediators released in the allergic response. Synaptosomal ...
... Background: Activation of mast cells (MCs) via aggregation of immunoglobulin E (IgE) bound to its high affinity receptor (FcεRI) results in release of inflammatory mediators from secretory granules. Histamine is one of the critical biological mediators released in the allergic response. Synaptosomal ...
Meiotic Induction of the Yeast HOP1 Gene Is
... containing the mutations were cloned from plasmids pNH71-3, pAV130, and pAV131, respectively. Plasmid pAV148 contains the wild-type blunt-ended 103-bp BglIIPstI fragment from pNH44-1 cloned into the SmaI site upstream of the CYCI promoter in plasmid pAV72. pAV157 was constructed in a similar manner ...
... containing the mutations were cloned from plasmids pNH71-3, pAV130, and pAV131, respectively. Plasmid pAV148 contains the wild-type blunt-ended 103-bp BglIIPstI fragment from pNH44-1 cloned into the SmaI site upstream of the CYCI promoter in plasmid pAV72. pAV157 was constructed in a similar manner ...
novel nucleotide carrier proteins of Protochlamydia
... general the obligate intracellular lifestyle correlates with a drastically reduced genome of the bacteria, typically showing defects in essential biosynthetic pathways (Moran, 2002) and compensatory transport mechanisms for the import of key metabolites from the host cytosol (Moulder, 1991). For exa ...
... general the obligate intracellular lifestyle correlates with a drastically reduced genome of the bacteria, typically showing defects in essential biosynthetic pathways (Moran, 2002) and compensatory transport mechanisms for the import of key metabolites from the host cytosol (Moulder, 1991). For exa ...
Roles for Rice Membrane Dynamics and Plasmodesmata during
... the fungus produces an appressorium that controls host nuclear movement, cytoskeletal elements, and endoplasmic reticulum to build a prepenetration apparatus inside root epidermal cells. This elaborate structure appears to be involved in building an apoplastic compartment that the fungus uses to cro ...
... the fungus produces an appressorium that controls host nuclear movement, cytoskeletal elements, and endoplasmic reticulum to build a prepenetration apparatus inside root epidermal cells. This elaborate structure appears to be involved in building an apoplastic compartment that the fungus uses to cro ...
Proteolytic Enzymes from Extremely Halophilic Bacteria
... Christian (1956) and Brown & Gibbons (1955) have concluded that potassium ions play an important role in the metabolism of halophilic bacteria by activating certain enzymes. Several enzymes are more active in the presence of KCI than NaCl (Baxter & Gibbons, 1956; Baxter, 1959). An exception is the c ...
... Christian (1956) and Brown & Gibbons (1955) have concluded that potassium ions play an important role in the metabolism of halophilic bacteria by activating certain enzymes. Several enzymes are more active in the presence of KCI than NaCl (Baxter & Gibbons, 1956; Baxter, 1959). An exception is the c ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.