Pass the bicarb: the importance of HCO3 – for mucin release
... is still controversial. Currently, two major areas of investigation are being pursued by researchers worldwide. One focuses on the extracellular effects of altered electrolyte transport in CF. One consequence ascribed to CFTR dysfunction is that excessive amounts of thick, sticky mucus accumulate in ...
... is still controversial. Currently, two major areas of investigation are being pursued by researchers worldwide. One focuses on the extracellular effects of altered electrolyte transport in CF. One consequence ascribed to CFTR dysfunction is that excessive amounts of thick, sticky mucus accumulate in ...
In-vivo detection of binary PKA network interactions upon activation
... We then used the Rluc PCA PKA assay as a reporter to measure activation of distinct GPCRs. For this we employed HEK293 cells that express low levels of endogenous β 2ARs38,42. Using a reporter cell line with stable expression of the PKA biosensor we recorded a transient dissociation of the RII:PKAc ...
... We then used the Rluc PCA PKA assay as a reporter to measure activation of distinct GPCRs. For this we employed HEK293 cells that express low levels of endogenous β 2ARs38,42. Using a reporter cell line with stable expression of the PKA biosensor we recorded a transient dissociation of the RII:PKAc ...
Berberine Enhances Chemosensitivity and Induces Apoptosis
... molecular cancer therapy is more popular up to now, the cytotoxicity chemotherapy for patients with advanced breast cancer is considered as the alternative option. However, chemoresistance is still the common and critical limitation for breast cancer treatment. Berberine, known as AMPK activator, ha ...
... molecular cancer therapy is more popular up to now, the cytotoxicity chemotherapy for patients with advanced breast cancer is considered as the alternative option. However, chemoresistance is still the common and critical limitation for breast cancer treatment. Berberine, known as AMPK activator, ha ...
Risk Reduction in Drinking Water Distribution Systems by On
... biomass was observed over the 4 d test period. However, the presence of chlorine decreased the numbers of viable cells. No colony forming units were detected from Legionella biofilm exposed to 5 ppm chlorine. In the presence of a DW biofilm, viable numbers of Legionella were similar with and without ...
... biomass was observed over the 4 d test period. However, the presence of chlorine decreased the numbers of viable cells. No colony forming units were detected from Legionella biofilm exposed to 5 ppm chlorine. In the presence of a DW biofilm, viable numbers of Legionella were similar with and without ...
COUP-TFI and COUP-TFII regulate expression of the NHE through a
... been identified and designated NHE1±NHE6. The isoform NHE1 is present in all mammalian cells [1], is involved in pH regulation [2] and control of cell volume [3], and is activated by growth factors [4]. The NHE is known to influence cell growth and differentiation and has recently been shown to be c ...
... been identified and designated NHE1±NHE6. The isoform NHE1 is present in all mammalian cells [1], is involved in pH regulation [2] and control of cell volume [3], and is activated by growth factors [4]. The NHE is known to influence cell growth and differentiation and has recently been shown to be c ...
Actin-based motility of endosomes is linked to the polar tip growth of
... More recent evidence reveals that endosomes are involved in signaling, transcytosis and synaptic cell-tocell communication (Sorkin and von Zastrow, 2002). Thus, endocytic compartments are highly dynamic and this activity is clearly linked with many important functions within eukaryotic cells (Gruenb ...
... More recent evidence reveals that endosomes are involved in signaling, transcytosis and synaptic cell-tocell communication (Sorkin and von Zastrow, 2002). Thus, endocytic compartments are highly dynamic and this activity is clearly linked with many important functions within eukaryotic cells (Gruenb ...
Foci of Trinucleotide Repeat Transcripts in Nuclei
... that the CTG repeat sequence was present in the DM fibroblasts and distributed perinuclearly within the cytoplasm (Fig. 2 A). In contrast, signal from the repeat was absent in the cytoplasm of normal fibroblasts (Fig. 2 D). We then confirmed this observation in diseased muscle by investigating the d ...
... that the CTG repeat sequence was present in the DM fibroblasts and distributed perinuclearly within the cytoplasm (Fig. 2 A). In contrast, signal from the repeat was absent in the cytoplasm of normal fibroblasts (Fig. 2 D). We then confirmed this observation in diseased muscle by investigating the d ...
B. fragilis ΔPSA
... Our intestinal tract is a nutrient-rich environment packed with up to 100 trillion (1014) microbes. The vast majority reside in our colon where densities approach 1011–1012 cells/ml, the highest recorded for any microbial habitat Today, there are 6.5 billion humans living on Earth. Together, we ...
... Our intestinal tract is a nutrient-rich environment packed with up to 100 trillion (1014) microbes. The vast majority reside in our colon where densities approach 1011–1012 cells/ml, the highest recorded for any microbial habitat Today, there are 6.5 billion humans living on Earth. Together, we ...
phosphatases and differentiation of the golgi apparatus
... divide to give rise to additional cap cells. In this region there are none of the large, Golgi apparatus secretory vesicles (Fig. 2 A). Towards the outer cap there is a progressive build-up of secretory-vesicle production, until the outer cells have large numbers of characteristic irregularly ellips ...
... divide to give rise to additional cap cells. In this region there are none of the large, Golgi apparatus secretory vesicles (Fig. 2 A). Towards the outer cap there is a progressive build-up of secretory-vesicle production, until the outer cells have large numbers of characteristic irregularly ellips ...
The Use of Conditional Lethal Cell Cycle Mutants for
... obtained, they must be interpreted with caution. It should be clear from figure 3 and the associated discussion (see INTRODUCTION) that, in principle, determining execution points can yield valuable information on the times in the cell cycle at which various essential gene products are synthesized, ...
... obtained, they must be interpreted with caution. It should be clear from figure 3 and the associated discussion (see INTRODUCTION) that, in principle, determining execution points can yield valuable information on the times in the cell cycle at which various essential gene products are synthesized, ...
Lysosomes and Fas-mediated liver cell death
... of the hydrolases after they would have been released into the cytosol of apoptotic cells. The aforementioned results strongly suggest that liver lysosomes remain intact until the animal’s death, during apoptosis resulting from an injection of 10 µg of aFas. To obtain additional information on the s ...
... of the hydrolases after they would have been released into the cytosol of apoptotic cells. The aforementioned results strongly suggest that liver lysosomes remain intact until the animal’s death, during apoptosis resulting from an injection of 10 µg of aFas. To obtain additional information on the s ...
Persistent Firing Supported by an Intrinsic Cellular
... To examine the contribution of fast ionotropic synaptic transmission to the persistent firing, we tested the effect of synaptic blockers in a different set of cells. In these experiments, the cholinergic agonist carbachol and synaptic blockers were added to the ACSF perfusing the slice preparation b ...
... To examine the contribution of fast ionotropic synaptic transmission to the persistent firing, we tested the effect of synaptic blockers in a different set of cells. In these experiments, the cholinergic agonist carbachol and synaptic blockers were added to the ACSF perfusing the slice preparation b ...
The Cell Membrane
... Cells respond directly to their environment and help maintain homeostasis at the cellular level. They can also change their internal structure and physiological functions over time. ...
... Cells respond directly to their environment and help maintain homeostasis at the cellular level. They can also change their internal structure and physiological functions over time. ...
the Golgi Apparatus as the central station of the
... particles such as viruses, bacteria, intracellular parasites and inert complexes. It takes place only in certain cell types such as macrophages and neutrophils. 3. The recycling pathway. Certain membrane components enter the cell but once the load is released, they are returned to the plasma membran ...
... particles such as viruses, bacteria, intracellular parasites and inert complexes. It takes place only in certain cell types such as macrophages and neutrophils. 3. The recycling pathway. Certain membrane components enter the cell but once the load is released, they are returned to the plasma membran ...
Serotonin synchronises convergent extension of
... (a speci®c ligand for 5-HT2 receptor subtype) binding sites appears which are 5-ht2Dro-speci®c since they are pharmacologically indistinguishable from those of 5-ht2Dro transfected cells (Colas et al., 1995). As previously reported, concomitant with this expression, there is also a transient peak of ...
... (a speci®c ligand for 5-HT2 receptor subtype) binding sites appears which are 5-ht2Dro-speci®c since they are pharmacologically indistinguishable from those of 5-ht2Dro transfected cells (Colas et al., 1995). As previously reported, concomitant with this expression, there is also a transient peak of ...
Dependence of an Adenosine-Activated Potassium Current on a
... included 1 mM ATP in the recording electrode. The free Ca2+ concentration in this solution was compute&to be 97 nM, assuming an absolute affinitv constant for BAPTA of 9.35 x lo6 M-I and DH indenendence (Tsiei, 1980). Experiments in which the free calcium was va&ed from 100 to less than 1 nM or the ...
... included 1 mM ATP in the recording electrode. The free Ca2+ concentration in this solution was compute&to be 97 nM, assuming an absolute affinitv constant for BAPTA of 9.35 x lo6 M-I and DH indenendence (Tsiei, 1980). Experiments in which the free calcium was va&ed from 100 to less than 1 nM or the ...
ANALYSIS OF NF-κB, CASPASE-3, MMP-2, MMP
... studies, in our study, NF-κB expression was found in most of cases (95%), with moderate and high staining levels. However, any significant association was not found between NF-κB expression and LMP-1 or clinicopathological features of cases. According to our knowledge, these are the first data inves ...
... studies, in our study, NF-κB expression was found in most of cases (95%), with moderate and high staining levels. However, any significant association was not found between NF-κB expression and LMP-1 or clinicopathological features of cases. According to our knowledge, these are the first data inves ...
Construction and applications of yellow fever virus replicons
... laboratory manipulations of many of these viruses remain difficult due to their highly pathogenic properties. An alternative approach to studying infectious, potentially dangerous, flaviviruses has been described for several flaviviruses, including WNV, DEN, and TBE, and involves the construction of ...
... laboratory manipulations of many of these viruses remain difficult due to their highly pathogenic properties. An alternative approach to studying infectious, potentially dangerous, flaviviruses has been described for several flaviviruses, including WNV, DEN, and TBE, and involves the construction of ...
Cagnac, O., Leterrier, M., Yeager, M. and Blumwald, E. (2007).
... ence of Nha1p, a plasma membrane-bound Na⫹/H⫹ antiporter (4, 5). Nha1p plays a role in pH regulation and also cell cycle regulation (6) and catalyzes the transport of Na⫹ and K⫹ with similar affinity (Km ⬇ 12 mM). Similar to the 1Na⫹/2H⫹ bacterial antiporters (7), Nha1p activity is electrogenic and ...
... ence of Nha1p, a plasma membrane-bound Na⫹/H⫹ antiporter (4, 5). Nha1p plays a role in pH regulation and also cell cycle regulation (6) and catalyzes the transport of Na⫹ and K⫹ with similar affinity (Km ⬇ 12 mM). Similar to the 1Na⫹/2H⫹ bacterial antiporters (7), Nha1p activity is electrogenic and ...
Cell encapsulation
Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of the cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane that permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins. At the same time, the semi-permeable nature of the membrane prevents immune cells and antibodies from destroying the encapsulated cells regarding them as foreign invaders.The main motive of cell encapsulation technology is to overcome the existing problem of graft rejection in tissue engineering applications and thus reduce the need for long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant to control side effects.