Basophils are inept at promoting human Th17 responses
... and the expression of FcεRI on the basophils (mean fluorescence intensity: ...
... and the expression of FcεRI on the basophils (mean fluorescence intensity: ...
A Definitive, Rapid Alternative to the Gram Stain Assay
... The Gram stain assay differentiates bacteria into two groups. Gram positive organisms have high levels of peptidoglycan in their cell walls, which retain the primary crystal violet stain and appear purple. The Gram negative cell wall contains small levels of peptidoglycan but also contains an outer ...
... The Gram stain assay differentiates bacteria into two groups. Gram positive organisms have high levels of peptidoglycan in their cell walls, which retain the primary crystal violet stain and appear purple. The Gram negative cell wall contains small levels of peptidoglycan but also contains an outer ...
Effect of membrane composition on temperature activation of TRPV1
... phospholipid determines the bilayer structure of membrane by composing hydrophobic environment between two layers with hydrophobic residues and with polar group encountering the aqueous phase [1, 14]. The cell membrane also contains proteins, which may be integrated with the lipid bilayer or may sim ...
... phospholipid determines the bilayer structure of membrane by composing hydrophobic environment between two layers with hydrophobic residues and with polar group encountering the aqueous phase [1, 14]. The cell membrane also contains proteins, which may be integrated with the lipid bilayer or may sim ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Plant Cell - igem
... have shown the latter to be composed of three domains—a linker (L) domain involved in phenol perception; the kinase (K) domain that includes the conserved histidine that is phosphorylated as well as an ATP-binding site; and a receiver (R) domain that has some sequence homology, including the conserv ...
... have shown the latter to be composed of three domains—a linker (L) domain involved in phenol perception; the kinase (K) domain that includes the conserved histidine that is phosphorylated as well as an ATP-binding site; and a receiver (R) domain that has some sequence homology, including the conserv ...
Signaling tip growth in plants Zhenbiao Yang
... The unique significance of cell polarity in plant development is underscored by the fact that, in plants, cell morphogenesis is largely defined by spatially organized cell walls. Moreover, the position of sessile cells rather than their lineage has a predominant role in dictating their developmental ...
... The unique significance of cell polarity in plant development is underscored by the fact that, in plants, cell morphogenesis is largely defined by spatially organized cell walls. Moreover, the position of sessile cells rather than their lineage has a predominant role in dictating their developmental ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Plant Cell Interactions and Activities
... have shown the latter to be composed of three domains—a linker (L) domain involved in phenol perception; the kinase (K) domain that includes the conserved histidine that is phosphorylated as well as an ATP-binding site; and a receiver (R) domain that has some sequence homology, including the conserv ...
... have shown the latter to be composed of three domains—a linker (L) domain involved in phenol perception; the kinase (K) domain that includes the conserved histidine that is phosphorylated as well as an ATP-binding site; and a receiver (R) domain that has some sequence homology, including the conserv ...
Graft Rejection following Burn Injury Mechanism for Effective
... ative that we better understand and control the cellular mechanism of allogeneic skin graft rejection after injury. In the most current model of immune response to serious burn injury (9), an initial proinflammatory response is quickly followed by a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS),3 w ...
... ative that we better understand and control the cellular mechanism of allogeneic skin graft rejection after injury. In the most current model of immune response to serious burn injury (9), an initial proinflammatory response is quickly followed by a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS),3 w ...
Harmonin Mutations Cause Mechanotransduction Defects in
... of tip links (Figure 1A) (Kazmierczak et al., 2007). To determine whether the PDZ2 domain of harmonin, which binds in vitro to CDH23 (Boeda et al., 2002; Siemens et al., 2002), is required for harmonin localization in hair cells, we generated mice expressing harmonin incapable of binding to CDH23. B ...
... of tip links (Figure 1A) (Kazmierczak et al., 2007). To determine whether the PDZ2 domain of harmonin, which binds in vitro to CDH23 (Boeda et al., 2002; Siemens et al., 2002), is required for harmonin localization in hair cells, we generated mice expressing harmonin incapable of binding to CDH23. B ...
Maurizio Gentile Role of mTOR in the Activation of Prof. Andrea Cerutti
... receptors (TLRs). MZ B cells receive additional co-stimulatory signals from a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B cell-stimulating factor of the TNF family (BAFF), two tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related cytokines released mainly by macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils in response to ...
... receptors (TLRs). MZ B cells receive additional co-stimulatory signals from a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B cell-stimulating factor of the TNF family (BAFF), two tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related cytokines released mainly by macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils in response to ...
Is the Development of Orientation Selectivity Instructed by Activity?
... release and uptake of diffusible modification or trophic factors, or synaptic sprouting and retraction with correlation-based synaptic stabilization (Miller, 1998). 2. The rule underlying biological development also appears to be competitive: in the end, only one group of co-firing neurons will wire ...
... release and uptake of diffusible modification or trophic factors, or synaptic sprouting and retraction with correlation-based synaptic stabilization (Miller, 1998). 2. The rule underlying biological development also appears to be competitive: in the end, only one group of co-firing neurons will wire ...
Gene Section ADAM12 (ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 (meltrin alpha))
... ADAM-12S stimulates bone growth in ADAM-12S transgenic mice by modulating chondrocyte proliferation. Interestingly, the proteinase activity of ADAM-12 is necessary for the increased growth of bone tissues since mice expressing a truncated form of ADAM-12 lacking the pro- and metalloproteinase domain ...
... ADAM-12S stimulates bone growth in ADAM-12S transgenic mice by modulating chondrocyte proliferation. Interestingly, the proteinase activity of ADAM-12 is necessary for the increased growth of bone tissues since mice expressing a truncated form of ADAM-12 lacking the pro- and metalloproteinase domain ...
Six Distinct Nuclear Factors Interact with the 75-Base
... fragments are identified by Roman numerals in Fig. 1. End-labeled fragments used for binding and unlabeled competitor fragments were isolated by cutting in the pUC13 polylinker; this adds nonspecific DNA sequences to the ends of the fragments, thus increasing their length and situating putative prot ...
... fragments are identified by Roman numerals in Fig. 1. End-labeled fragments used for binding and unlabeled competitor fragments were isolated by cutting in the pUC13 polylinker; this adds nonspecific DNA sequences to the ends of the fragments, thus increasing their length and situating putative prot ...
Phospholipase C-γ1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for
... of these actions are lipase-independent and involve the SH3 domain of PLC-γ1. Dynamin is a member of the GTPase superfamily that essentially participates in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in cells. Three mammalian isoforms of dynamin have been detected (Liu and Robinson, 1995; Urrutia et al., 1997). ...
... of these actions are lipase-independent and involve the SH3 domain of PLC-γ1. Dynamin is a member of the GTPase superfamily that essentially participates in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in cells. Three mammalian isoforms of dynamin have been detected (Liu and Robinson, 1995; Urrutia et al., 1997). ...
Herpes simplex virus type 1 alters transcript levels of tumor
... the capacity of Miiller cells to produce immunologically important cytokines has not been investigated in detail.9 Cytokine production and release have been shown to play a vital role in the initiation, regulation, and subsequent resolution of immune and/or inflammatory responses to a variety of pat ...
... the capacity of Miiller cells to produce immunologically important cytokines has not been investigated in detail.9 Cytokine production and release have been shown to play a vital role in the initiation, regulation, and subsequent resolution of immune and/or inflammatory responses to a variety of pat ...
BH3-only proteins: key regulators of neuronal apoptosis
... induced in neurons undergoing apoptosis is supported by the observation that the BimEL protein substantially increases in level in sympathetic neurons and CGNs deprived of survival factors.15,17 Several different Bim isoforms have been described. BimEL, BimL and BimS are the major variants (see Figu ...
... induced in neurons undergoing apoptosis is supported by the observation that the BimEL protein substantially increases in level in sympathetic neurons and CGNs deprived of survival factors.15,17 Several different Bim isoforms have been described. BimEL, BimL and BimS are the major variants (see Figu ...
impression cytologic analysis of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis
... Extensive nuclear pyknosis Condensation of masses of chromatin The shrinkage of the nuclear envelope from its surrounding cytoplasm ...
... Extensive nuclear pyknosis Condensation of masses of chromatin The shrinkage of the nuclear envelope from its surrounding cytoplasm ...
High density lipoprotein-associated lysosphingolipids reduce E
... affected total E-selectin levels in unstimulated cells. However, preincubation of HUVECs for 15 min with HDL (1 g/L), SPC (10 lmol/L), and LSF (20 lmol/L) prior to cytokine stimulation for 6 h markedly restricted TNF-a-induced E-selectin induction (Fig. 2A). As shown in Fig. 2B, the effects of HDL, SP ...
... affected total E-selectin levels in unstimulated cells. However, preincubation of HUVECs for 15 min with HDL (1 g/L), SPC (10 lmol/L), and LSF (20 lmol/L) prior to cytokine stimulation for 6 h markedly restricted TNF-a-induced E-selectin induction (Fig. 2A). As shown in Fig. 2B, the effects of HDL, SP ...
Characterization of Human Corneal Epithelial Cell Model As a
... cHCE. The permeability of eight ophthalmic drugs and three -blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, and nadolol) was assessed using either excised rabbit corneas or cHCE. The Papp values for the 11 compounds track well between values for the two models with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.95 (Fig. 1). ...
... cHCE. The permeability of eight ophthalmic drugs and three -blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, and nadolol) was assessed using either excised rabbit corneas or cHCE. The Papp values for the 11 compounds track well between values for the two models with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.95 (Fig. 1). ...
Pathogenic LRRK2 Mutations Do Not Alter Gene
... mechanism through which a putative LRRK2 miRNA pathway could operate, although the recent publication by Guo et al emphasizes that miRNAs in mammalian cells predominantly function by directly impacting on mRNA levels rather than by PLoS ONE | www.plosone.org ...
... mechanism through which a putative LRRK2 miRNA pathway could operate, although the recent publication by Guo et al emphasizes that miRNAs in mammalian cells predominantly function by directly impacting on mRNA levels rather than by PLoS ONE | www.plosone.org ...
Neurotrophins: the biological paradox of survival factors
... 3. p75 as a ligand-dependent cell death molecule After binding to their respective ligands, the Fas and TNF receptors initiate an irreversible set of events culminating in apoptosis. A ligand-dependent mechanism has also been observed with the p75 receptor (Casaccia-Bonnefil et al, 1996b; Frade et a ...
... 3. p75 as a ligand-dependent cell death molecule After binding to their respective ligands, the Fas and TNF receptors initiate an irreversible set of events culminating in apoptosis. A ligand-dependent mechanism has also been observed with the p75 receptor (Casaccia-Bonnefil et al, 1996b; Frade et a ...
TESIS DOCTORAL
... 3D models can help us to study the biophysical, biomechanical and biochemical parameters that regulate cell differentiation. In this thesis, we have developed a 3D in vitro model to analyze the behavior of subcutaneous adipose derived progenitor cells (subATDPCs) in terms of viability, growth, and g ...
... 3D models can help us to study the biophysical, biomechanical and biochemical parameters that regulate cell differentiation. In this thesis, we have developed a 3D in vitro model to analyze the behavior of subcutaneous adipose derived progenitor cells (subATDPCs) in terms of viability, growth, and g ...
Differential function of Listeria monocytogenes listeriolysin O and
... radixin and moesin family that functions as a key membrane-cytoskeleton linker, has been recently implicated in formation and stabilization of filopods (Pust et al., 2005). Bacterial determinants of cell-to-cell spread have ...
... radixin and moesin family that functions as a key membrane-cytoskeleton linker, has been recently implicated in formation and stabilization of filopods (Pust et al., 2005). Bacterial determinants of cell-to-cell spread have ...
Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of
... cells do not support phage growth and the 6 to 9 h latent period is increased to 18 h when 3 d shaken cultures are not pre-incubated without aeration for 24 h (not pre-conditioned) before the addition of phage. Stationary phase cells which have been allowed to stand retain the ability to be infected ...
... cells do not support phage growth and the 6 to 9 h latent period is increased to 18 h when 3 d shaken cultures are not pre-incubated without aeration for 24 h (not pre-conditioned) before the addition of phage. Stationary phase cells which have been allowed to stand retain the ability to be infected ...
Inhibition of c-myc Expression in Cells by Targeting an RNA
... can lead to sequence-independent effects that in part may be attributable to affinity for extracellular proteins such as heparin and fibronectin (Chavany et al., 1995; Stein, 1995; Khaled et al., 1996). Nonspecific activity is enhanced by the presence of two short sequence motifs, the G quartet and ...
... can lead to sequence-independent effects that in part may be attributable to affinity for extracellular proteins such as heparin and fibronectin (Chavany et al., 1995; Stein, 1995; Khaled et al., 1996). Nonspecific activity is enhanced by the presence of two short sequence motifs, the G quartet and ...
Chemical Induction of Hsp70 Reduces -Synuclein
... isechemia.24 Recent evidence showed that CBX activates HSF1 and upregulates Hsp70 levels in cells. However, it is unclear whether CBX treatment also leads to upregulation of other HSPs.25−27 In addition, the molecular mechanism involved in the activation of HSF1 induced by CBX treatment is elusive. ...
... isechemia.24 Recent evidence showed that CBX activates HSF1 and upregulates Hsp70 levels in cells. However, it is unclear whether CBX treatment also leads to upregulation of other HSPs.25−27 In addition, the molecular mechanism involved in the activation of HSF1 induced by CBX treatment is elusive. ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.