In the prevailing view Conducitn is usually considered to act as a
... provide evidence that favours the latter mechanism by showing (i) that Wnt stimulation leads to only a modest increase in conductin protein compared to axin levels, and (ii) that conductin interacts less efficiently with Dvl2 than axin making it largely resistant to inhibition by Dvl2. Thus, functio ...
... provide evidence that favours the latter mechanism by showing (i) that Wnt stimulation leads to only a modest increase in conductin protein compared to axin levels, and (ii) that conductin interacts less efficiently with Dvl2 than axin making it largely resistant to inhibition by Dvl2. Thus, functio ...
Grape Berry Vacuole - American Journal of Enology and Viticulture
... system displays modifications in vacuole number, size, and composition. As referred to above, fruit volumetric growth after veraison primarily results from vacuolar enlargement by incorporation of water and solute. The complexity of the vacuolar system offers a rich field of future work for plant bi ...
... system displays modifications in vacuole number, size, and composition. As referred to above, fruit volumetric growth after veraison primarily results from vacuolar enlargement by incorporation of water and solute. The complexity of the vacuolar system offers a rich field of future work for plant bi ...
Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body
... et al. 1995). In the caps are several proteins related to the RNA polymerase (pol) I transcription machinery such as UBF, close to Wbrillarin-containing caps. In the central body are proteins derived from the GC, some of which are progressively released, such as PM-Scl 100. It was recently demonstra ...
... et al. 1995). In the caps are several proteins related to the RNA polymerase (pol) I transcription machinery such as UBF, close to Wbrillarin-containing caps. In the central body are proteins derived from the GC, some of which are progressively released, such as PM-Scl 100. It was recently demonstra ...
Multiple post-translational modifications regulate E
... exacerbating apoptosis. The modifications of E-cadherin by O-GlcNAcylation and lack of pro-region processing represent novel mechanisms for rapid regulation of cell surface transport of E-cadherin in response to intoxication. Key words: E-cadherin, Modifications, O-linked b-N-acetylglucosamine, Tran ...
... exacerbating apoptosis. The modifications of E-cadherin by O-GlcNAcylation and lack of pro-region processing represent novel mechanisms for rapid regulation of cell surface transport of E-cadherin in response to intoxication. Key words: E-cadherin, Modifications, O-linked b-N-acetylglucosamine, Tran ...
Targeting Membrane-Bound Viral RNA Synthesis Reveals
... [36], [37] are thought to participate in formation of these sites for viral RNA synthesis. In particular, these proteins contain multiple trans-membrane domains that are thought to anchor the coronavirus replication complex through recruitment of intracellular membranes to form a reticulovesicular n ...
... [36], [37] are thought to participate in formation of these sites for viral RNA synthesis. In particular, these proteins contain multiple trans-membrane domains that are thought to anchor the coronavirus replication complex through recruitment of intracellular membranes to form a reticulovesicular n ...
SPI-1 encoded genes ofSalmonellaTyphimurium influence
... Figure 2 M1-related gene expressions. Dark grey columns represent M1-related gene expression in PAMs 24 hours post infection with the wild-type Salmonella Typhimurium, ΔSPI-1 and ΔSPI-2 mutants using MOI = 10. Stimulation with LPS from Salmonella Typhimurium (1 μg/ml), heat killed Salmonella Typhimu ...
... Figure 2 M1-related gene expressions. Dark grey columns represent M1-related gene expression in PAMs 24 hours post infection with the wild-type Salmonella Typhimurium, ΔSPI-1 and ΔSPI-2 mutants using MOI = 10. Stimulation with LPS from Salmonella Typhimurium (1 μg/ml), heat killed Salmonella Typhimu ...
Identification and characterisation of SMIM1
... And in case the errors prove non-fatal, they will still make the blood unique. A seemingly harmless mutation may change the blood cells just enough to set them apart from the rest of the population. Meaning that if ever the need for administration of foreign blood arises, if it is not carefully sele ...
... And in case the errors prove non-fatal, they will still make the blood unique. A seemingly harmless mutation may change the blood cells just enough to set them apart from the rest of the population. Meaning that if ever the need for administration of foreign blood arises, if it is not carefully sele ...
Salicylic Acid Regulates Plasmodesmata Closure
... connections are not permanently set for the rest of a cell’s life. Rather, they undergo various types of structural modifications and degeneration/regeneration processes to meet the specific needs of cells that may set out rapid expansion, different developmental phases or differentiation, or adaption ...
... connections are not permanently set for the rest of a cell’s life. Rather, they undergo various types of structural modifications and degeneration/regeneration processes to meet the specific needs of cells that may set out rapid expansion, different developmental phases or differentiation, or adaption ...
Apical constriction: themes and variations on a cellular mechanism
... apical-basal axes and held together by cell-cell adhesion. At various times in the life of an organism, epithelial tissues undergo remodeling events, thereby sculpting organs and organisms into different shapes and maintaining tissue homeostasis as cells divide or die. Epithelial remodeling results ...
... apical-basal axes and held together by cell-cell adhesion. At various times in the life of an organism, epithelial tissues undergo remodeling events, thereby sculpting organs and organisms into different shapes and maintaining tissue homeostasis as cells divide or die. Epithelial remodeling results ...
pdf file - John Innes Centre
... DMI1 and this dominant-negative mutant protein we show that DMI1 increases the sensitivity of a sodium- and lithiumhypersensitive yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutant toward those ions and that the C-terminal domain plays a central role in regulating this response. We also show that DMI1 greatly ...
... DMI1 and this dominant-negative mutant protein we show that DMI1 increases the sensitivity of a sodium- and lithiumhypersensitive yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutant toward those ions and that the C-terminal domain plays a central role in regulating this response. We also show that DMI1 greatly ...
Apical constriction
... apical-basal axes and held together by cell-cell adhesion. At various times in the life of an organism, epithelial tissues undergo remodeling events, thereby sculpting organs and organisms into different shapes and maintaining tissue homeostasis as cells divide or die. Epithelial remodeling results ...
... apical-basal axes and held together by cell-cell adhesion. At various times in the life of an organism, epithelial tissues undergo remodeling events, thereby sculpting organs and organisms into different shapes and maintaining tissue homeostasis as cells divide or die. Epithelial remodeling results ...
Continuity And Change: Paradigm Shifts In Neural Induction
... would take the tools of a sophisticated brand of molecular biology to find the inducer molecules and to delineate what these factors were doing. However, once the techniques of gene cloning and in situ hybridization opened the floodgates, we have been deluged with information about how these process ...
... would take the tools of a sophisticated brand of molecular biology to find the inducer molecules and to delineate what these factors were doing. However, once the techniques of gene cloning and in situ hybridization opened the floodgates, we have been deluged with information about how these process ...
1 Electrophysiology and pacemaker function of the - AJP
... interaction between nodal cells and nodal-atrial cells. A detailed analysis of the ionic mechanisms generating automaticity requires studies at the single cell level, but to fully understand the complexity of the SAN physiology it is important to consider that each cell exists as an element of a com ...
... interaction between nodal cells and nodal-atrial cells. A detailed analysis of the ionic mechanisms generating automaticity requires studies at the single cell level, but to fully understand the complexity of the SAN physiology it is important to consider that each cell exists as an element of a com ...
The transcription factor FoxB mediates temporal
... the 64-cell stage (Nakatani et al., 1996; Nakatani and Nishida, 1999). This system makes it possible to analyze the decay of competence at the single cell level. The extrinsic FGF signal is transduced during ascidian notochord induction by the FGF receptor, Ras, MEK and MAPK (ERK1/2), and then phosp ...
... the 64-cell stage (Nakatani et al., 1996; Nakatani and Nishida, 1999). This system makes it possible to analyze the decay of competence at the single cell level. The extrinsic FGF signal is transduced during ascidian notochord induction by the FGF receptor, Ras, MEK and MAPK (ERK1/2), and then phosp ...
The unfolded protein response: controlling cell fate
... over time in cells undergoing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Early UPR responses attenuate protein synthesis at the ER by inhibiting translation (which is dependent on the protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK)-mediated phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiator factor 2α (eIF2α)), ac ...
... over time in cells undergoing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Early UPR responses attenuate protein synthesis at the ER by inhibiting translation (which is dependent on the protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK)-mediated phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiator factor 2α (eIF2α)), ac ...
High Peak SAR Exposure Unit With Tight Exposure and
... and other variations between different experiments should not dominate the SAR nonuniformity, i.e., should be less than 30%. 5) The power isolation between exposure and sham must be more than 30 dB. • Signal Requirements. A flexible signal unit is required to enable complex modulation such as: 1) co ...
... and other variations between different experiments should not dominate the SAR nonuniformity, i.e., should be less than 30%. 5) The power isolation between exposure and sham must be more than 30 dB. • Signal Requirements. A flexible signal unit is required to enable complex modulation such as: 1) co ...
The sliding theory of cytoplasmic streaming: fifty years of
... Tonoplast-free cell Tazawa (1964) developed a vacuole-perfusion method. After cutting both ends of an internodal cell of Characeae, the natural cell sap (vacuolar sap) is replaced with an artificial cell sap by intracellular perfusion (Fig. 2b). This makes it possible to control the chemical composi ...
... Tonoplast-free cell Tazawa (1964) developed a vacuole-perfusion method. After cutting both ends of an internodal cell of Characeae, the natural cell sap (vacuolar sap) is replaced with an artificial cell sap by intracellular perfusion (Fig. 2b). This makes it possible to control the chemical composi ...
The sliding theory of cytoplasmic streaming: fifty years of progress
... Tonoplast-free cell Tazawa (1964) developed a vacuole-perfusion method. After cutting both ends of an internodal cell of Characeae, the natural cell sap (vacuolar sap) is replaced with an artificial cell sap by intracellular perfusion (Fig. 2b). This makes it possible to control the chemical composi ...
... Tonoplast-free cell Tazawa (1964) developed a vacuole-perfusion method. After cutting both ends of an internodal cell of Characeae, the natural cell sap (vacuolar sap) is replaced with an artificial cell sap by intracellular perfusion (Fig. 2b). This makes it possible to control the chemical composi ...
Protein Arginine Methylation in Candida albicans: Role
... methylarginine (SDMA) (8). Rmt2 catalyzes the formation of ␦-MMA, in which the internal ␦ nitrogen of arginine is methylated (29). Although the Rmt2 sequence is slightly similar to that of a mammalian small-molecule methyltransferase that targets guanidinoacetate (29), more closely related genes are ...
... methylarginine (SDMA) (8). Rmt2 catalyzes the formation of ␦-MMA, in which the internal ␦ nitrogen of arginine is methylated (29). Although the Rmt2 sequence is slightly similar to that of a mammalian small-molecule methyltransferase that targets guanidinoacetate (29), more closely related genes are ...
PDF
... the 64-cell stage (Nakatani et al., 1996; Nakatani and Nishida, 1999). This system makes it possible to analyze the decay of competence at the single cell level. The extrinsic FGF signal is transduced during ascidian notochord induction by the FGF receptor, Ras, MEK and MAPK (ERK1/2), and then phosp ...
... the 64-cell stage (Nakatani et al., 1996; Nakatani and Nishida, 1999). This system makes it possible to analyze the decay of competence at the single cell level. The extrinsic FGF signal is transduced during ascidian notochord induction by the FGF receptor, Ras, MEK and MAPK (ERK1/2), and then phosp ...
AP Bio Ch 4 Study Guide
... e. has exocytosed. ____ 45. Lysosomes are important to eukaryotic cells because they contain a. photosynthetic pigments. b. starch molecules for energy storage. c. their own DNA molecules. d. the cells’ waste materials. e. digestive enzymes. ____ 46. Which of the following statements about lysosomes ...
... e. has exocytosed. ____ 45. Lysosomes are important to eukaryotic cells because they contain a. photosynthetic pigments. b. starch molecules for energy storage. c. their own DNA molecules. d. the cells’ waste materials. e. digestive enzymes. ____ 46. Which of the following statements about lysosomes ...
Molecular organization of the cell wall of Candida albicans and its
... Synthesis of chitin involves a transglycosylation reaction of GlcNAc residues from the universal substrate UDP-Nacetylglucosamine to the growing chain of the polysaccharide. The reaction (catalyzed by ill-known enzymes called chitin synthases, Chsps) requires a divalent metal, generally Mg21, but do ...
... Synthesis of chitin involves a transglycosylation reaction of GlcNAc residues from the universal substrate UDP-Nacetylglucosamine to the growing chain of the polysaccharide. The reaction (catalyzed by ill-known enzymes called chitin synthases, Chsps) requires a divalent metal, generally Mg21, but do ...
Lessons on longevity from budding yeast
... immense contributions to this progress. Yeast longevity factors have now been shown to modulate ageing in invertebrate and mammalian models, and studies of yeast have resulted in some of the best candidates for anti-ageing drugs currently in development. The first interventions to slow human ageing ...
... immense contributions to this progress. Yeast longevity factors have now been shown to modulate ageing in invertebrate and mammalian models, and studies of yeast have resulted in some of the best candidates for anti-ageing drugs currently in development. The first interventions to slow human ageing ...
Peroxisome degradation requires catalytically active sterol
... many GRAM-domain proteins harbour additional lipidbinding motifs, e.g. FYVE or pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, they are thought to be associated with intracellular membranes. The physiological and biochemical functions of GRAM domains, however, have not been determined at either the cellular or mo ...
... many GRAM-domain proteins harbour additional lipidbinding motifs, e.g. FYVE or pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, they are thought to be associated with intracellular membranes. The physiological and biochemical functions of GRAM domains, however, have not been determined at either the cellular or mo ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.