315-332
... polysaccharides, such as xyloglucan, mixed-linkage b-glucan or arabinoxylan, forming a cellulose–hemicellulose network (Carpita & Gibeaut, 1993; Mishima et al., 1998). The cellulose–hemicellulose network coexists with a second network that consists of the pectic polysaccharides homogalacturonan, rha ...
... polysaccharides, such as xyloglucan, mixed-linkage b-glucan or arabinoxylan, forming a cellulose–hemicellulose network (Carpita & Gibeaut, 1993; Mishima et al., 1998). The cellulose–hemicellulose network coexists with a second network that consists of the pectic polysaccharides homogalacturonan, rha ...
Potential hepatic stem cells reside in EpCAM cells of normal and
... cells, we utilized the signal sequence trap (SST) method, which can efficiently isolate genes encoding a protein with a signal sequence (Kojima and Kitamura, 1999; Watanabe et al., 2007). As there are several protocols for generating oval cells in rats and mice, the characteristics of oval cells mig ...
... cells, we utilized the signal sequence trap (SST) method, which can efficiently isolate genes encoding a protein with a signal sequence (Kojima and Kitamura, 1999; Watanabe et al., 2007). As there are several protocols for generating oval cells in rats and mice, the characteristics of oval cells mig ...
The transcription factor Th-POK negatively regulates
... that cells with decreased CD122 expression were more abundant in the NK1.1low fraction of Th-POKhd/hd V␣14i NKT cells, compared with the same population in their WT counterparts (Figure 2B). The CD122⫺ population was also found to express the NKT17 markers depicted in Figure 2A (data not shown). By ...
... that cells with decreased CD122 expression were more abundant in the NK1.1low fraction of Th-POKhd/hd V␣14i NKT cells, compared with the same population in their WT counterparts (Figure 2B). The CD122⫺ population was also found to express the NKT17 markers depicted in Figure 2A (data not shown). By ...
B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is the most
... MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by inducing degradation or translational inhibition of target mRNAs. There are more than 470 miRNA genes reported in the human genome, constituting one of the largest classes of regulatory genes. In ...
... MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by inducing degradation or translational inhibition of target mRNAs. There are more than 470 miRNA genes reported in the human genome, constituting one of the largest classes of regulatory genes. In ...
Chapter 18
... Overview: Conducting the Genetic Orchestra • In multicellular eukaryotes, gene expression regulates development and is responsible for differences in cell types – Every single cell has the same DNA – Differential gene expression determines whether a cell becomes a muscle cell or a nerve cell or a s ...
... Overview: Conducting the Genetic Orchestra • In multicellular eukaryotes, gene expression regulates development and is responsible for differences in cell types – Every single cell has the same DNA – Differential gene expression determines whether a cell becomes a muscle cell or a nerve cell or a s ...
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... cells, we utilized the signal sequence trap (SST) method, which can efficiently isolate genes encoding a protein with a signal sequence (Kojima and Kitamura, 1999; Watanabe et al., 2007). As there are several protocols for generating oval cells in rats and mice, the characteristics of oval cells mig ...
... cells, we utilized the signal sequence trap (SST) method, which can efficiently isolate genes encoding a protein with a signal sequence (Kojima and Kitamura, 1999; Watanabe et al., 2007). As there are several protocols for generating oval cells in rats and mice, the characteristics of oval cells mig ...
Progressively restricted expression of a new homeobox
... Fig. 2. (A) A northern blot of total RNA hybridized first to a Xhox-7.1 probe and then to cytoskeletal gamma actin, top and bottom respectively. Total RNA samples (10 fig in each track) are from embryos of stages 2 to 48. (N/F) denotes the numerical stage according to Nieuwkoop and Faber (1967). Aut ...
... Fig. 2. (A) A northern blot of total RNA hybridized first to a Xhox-7.1 probe and then to cytoskeletal gamma actin, top and bottom respectively. Total RNA samples (10 fig in each track) are from embryos of stages 2 to 48. (N/F) denotes the numerical stage according to Nieuwkoop and Faber (1967). Aut ...
Functions and Mechanisms of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF
... for differentiation. In the larval CNS, Htl controls gliogenesis in both perineural and cortex glia cells [31]. 2.2. Biological Functions of Btl The developmental functions of Btl are distinct from those of Htl and no case has been reported where the two FGFRs act in concert to control a single morp ...
... for differentiation. In the larval CNS, Htl controls gliogenesis in both perineural and cortex glia cells [31]. 2.2. Biological Functions of Btl The developmental functions of Btl are distinct from those of Htl and no case has been reported where the two FGFRs act in concert to control a single morp ...
Functional Microsatellite Polymorphism Associated with Divergent
... smooth muscle of the thoracic aorta, PC-12 cells are neuronal in morphology from an adrenal gland pheochromocytoma, and H-4-II-e cells were derived from a liver hepatoma and display an epithelial morphology. To assess the endogenous V1aR phenotype of each cell line, we performed three independent V1 ...
... smooth muscle of the thoracic aorta, PC-12 cells are neuronal in morphology from an adrenal gland pheochromocytoma, and H-4-II-e cells were derived from a liver hepatoma and display an epithelial morphology. To assess the endogenous V1aR phenotype of each cell line, we performed three independent V1 ...
COUP-TFI and COUP-TFII regulate expression of the NHE through a
... NHE1 is present in all mammalian cells [1], is involved in pH regulation [2] and control of cell volume [3], and is activated by growth factors [4]. The NHE is known to influence cell growth and differentiation and has recently been shown to be critical to neuronal cell growth and differentiation [5 ...
... NHE1 is present in all mammalian cells [1], is involved in pH regulation [2] and control of cell volume [3], and is activated by growth factors [4]. The NHE is known to influence cell growth and differentiation and has recently been shown to be critical to neuronal cell growth and differentiation [5 ...
Signal Transduction From the Endoplasmic Reticulum to the Cell
... stress situation triggers a unique cellular response, using various signal transduction pathways to induce specific transcription factors. The first of these pathways to be described, the unfolded protein response (UPR), has been known for 10 years. It is activated, as the name suggests, by the pres ...
... stress situation triggers a unique cellular response, using various signal transduction pathways to induce specific transcription factors. The first of these pathways to be described, the unfolded protein response (UPR), has been known for 10 years. It is activated, as the name suggests, by the pres ...
Understanding the role of cholesterol in cellular biomechanics and
... L. de Oliveira Andrade / The power of imaging ...
... L. de Oliveira Andrade / The power of imaging ...
The Mechanisms and Mechanics of Archenteron Elongation during
... which may occur, the gut rudiment itself possesses an inherent capacity to elongate independent of filopodial pulling. On the basis of these findings, we propose that in at least some species, active cell rearrangement in the wall of the archenteron is the major contributing factor in the elongation ...
... which may occur, the gut rudiment itself possesses an inherent capacity to elongate independent of filopodial pulling. On the basis of these findings, we propose that in at least some species, active cell rearrangement in the wall of the archenteron is the major contributing factor in the elongation ...
MERNER-PFEIFFER LIBRARY
... more soluble (e.g., vaterite and aragonite) to surface, a fluid layer and a mineral interthe less soluble (e.g., calcite). This is the so-face. In each case, however, there are specalled Ostwald-Lussac law (Nancollas, 1982; cific biological implications as to how the cells and their organelles funct ...
... more soluble (e.g., vaterite and aragonite) to surface, a fluid layer and a mineral interthe less soluble (e.g., calcite). This is the so-face. In each case, however, there are specalled Ostwald-Lussac law (Nancollas, 1982; cific biological implications as to how the cells and their organelles funct ...
Teacher support material
... There are more activities than time to put them into practice. So teachers have to choose which ones they are going to use. The aim of those activities is to give teachers different ideas on how to recap everything learnt by pupils and let them try those ones more suitable for their pupils. Some of ...
... There are more activities than time to put them into practice. So teachers have to choose which ones they are going to use. The aim of those activities is to give teachers different ideas on how to recap everything learnt by pupils and let them try those ones more suitable for their pupils. Some of ...
Chapter 3: Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope
... they can be distinguished as separate, the greater the resolving power. u Light must pass between two objects in order for them to be seen as separate. u Depends on light wavelength. If wavelength is too long to pass between objects, they will appear as one. uWhite light has a relatively long wavele ...
... they can be distinguished as separate, the greater the resolving power. u Light must pass between two objects in order for them to be seen as separate. u Depends on light wavelength. If wavelength is too long to pass between objects, they will appear as one. uWhite light has a relatively long wavele ...
77730 Gram Staining Kit - Sigma
... Prepare a Slide Smear: • Transfer a drop of the suspended culture to be examined on a slide with an inoculation loop. If the culture is to be taken from a Petri dish or a slant culture tube, first add a drop or a few loopful of water on the slide and aseptically transfer a bit of the colony. It shou ...
... Prepare a Slide Smear: • Transfer a drop of the suspended culture to be examined on a slide with an inoculation loop. If the culture is to be taken from a Petri dish or a slant culture tube, first add a drop or a few loopful of water on the slide and aseptically transfer a bit of the colony. It shou ...
Cell Membrane Properties
... cytoskeletal filaments. These serve in functions such as cellcell recognition, and maintaining cell shape. ...
... cytoskeletal filaments. These serve in functions such as cellcell recognition, and maintaining cell shape. ...
conference on multiple hereditary exostoses abstract
... Before skeletal maturity, exostoses may be excised if they produce functional impairment and/or pain. These problems become more evident as the child and the exostoses grow. Chondrosarcomas rarely occur in the skeletally immature child. Care evaluation of symptomatic exostoses is required before a f ...
... Before skeletal maturity, exostoses may be excised if they produce functional impairment and/or pain. These problems become more evident as the child and the exostoses grow. Chondrosarcomas rarely occur in the skeletally immature child. Care evaluation of symptomatic exostoses is required before a f ...
Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecule E
... Surprisingly little is known about cell adhesion molecules in Xenopus laevis or other amphibians. In this study, we sought to identify Xenopus E-cadherin and to examine the time and tissue location of its expression in the early embryo. E-Cadherin is the earliest adhesion molecule expressed in mouse ...
... Surprisingly little is known about cell adhesion molecules in Xenopus laevis or other amphibians. In this study, we sought to identify Xenopus E-cadherin and to examine the time and tissue location of its expression in the early embryo. E-Cadherin is the earliest adhesion molecule expressed in mouse ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Genes Involved in Survival of Heat Shock
... wall remodeling (Imazu and Sakurai 2005), ubiquitin-related protein degradation, DNA- and RNA-modifying enzymes, metabolic enzymes, regulatory proteins, and others involved with maintenance of cell ...
... wall remodeling (Imazu and Sakurai 2005), ubiquitin-related protein degradation, DNA- and RNA-modifying enzymes, metabolic enzymes, regulatory proteins, and others involved with maintenance of cell ...
Global Gene Expression Responses of Fission Yeast to Ionizing
... providing an opportunity for DNA repair. Central to the DNA damage checkpoint pathway are two highly conserved phosphoinositol-related kinases, Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM and Rad3-related (ATR) and their yeast homologs SpTel1 and SpRad3 in S. pombe, and ScTel1 and ScMec1 in S. cerev ...
... providing an opportunity for DNA repair. Central to the DNA damage checkpoint pathway are two highly conserved phosphoinositol-related kinases, Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM and Rad3-related (ATR) and their yeast homologs SpTel1 and SpRad3 in S. pombe, and ScTel1 and ScMec1 in S. cerev ...
Four new subunits of the Dam1Duo1 complex reveal novel functions
... partial overlap of the GFP and the Spc72p signals was observed (Figure 2D, panel 3, yellow colour), which is consistent with the close clustering of kinetochores with SPBs during this stage of the cell cycle (Jin et al., 2000). The relatively weak Dad2p±GFP, Duo1p±GFP and Spc34p±GFP signal along MTs ...
... partial overlap of the GFP and the Spc72p signals was observed (Figure 2D, panel 3, yellow colour), which is consistent with the close clustering of kinetochores with SPBs during this stage of the cell cycle (Jin et al., 2000). The relatively weak Dad2p±GFP, Duo1p±GFP and Spc34p±GFP signal along MTs ...
Stimulation of naive T cell adhesion and immunological synapse
... T cells.14 Therefore, one of the receptor systems that could be involved in the initial interaction of the T cell with DCs are the chemokine receptors and their ligands. One of the most notable characteristics of DCs is their antigen-independent interaction with naı̈ve T cells.5,15,16 Trautmann and ...
... T cells.14 Therefore, one of the receptor systems that could be involved in the initial interaction of the T cell with DCs are the chemokine receptors and their ligands. One of the most notable characteristics of DCs is their antigen-independent interaction with naı̈ve T cells.5,15,16 Trautmann and ...
Activation of DNA Damage Response Pathways during Lytic
... latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA). In order to propagate, the virus must switch to the lytic phase, during which the majority of viral genes are expressed, viral DNA is amplified and infectious virus is released following lysis of the host cell. The viral replication and transcription activa ...
... latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA). In order to propagate, the virus must switch to the lytic phase, during which the majority of viral genes are expressed, viral DNA is amplified and infectious virus is released following lysis of the host cell. The viral replication and transcription activa ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.