A Novel Plant Kinesin-Related Protein Specifically
... and vesicle transport in the phragmoplast. MT-based kinesin motors are important players in both processes. To understand the mechanisms underlying plant cytokinesis, we have identified AtPAKRP2 (for Arabidopsis thaliana phragmoplast-associated kinesin-related protein 2). AtPAKRP2 is an ungrouped N- ...
... and vesicle transport in the phragmoplast. MT-based kinesin motors are important players in both processes. To understand the mechanisms underlying plant cytokinesis, we have identified AtPAKRP2 (for Arabidopsis thaliana phragmoplast-associated kinesin-related protein 2). AtPAKRP2 is an ungrouped N- ...
PDGF signalling controls the migration of mesoderm cells during
... other half die shortly after birth owing to a failure of alveolar septation and lung emphysema (Bostrom et al., 1996). The variable phenotype has been attributed to differences in genetic background, compensation by expression of Pdgfb, maternal factors, placental transfer of PDGF and/or embryonic p ...
... other half die shortly after birth owing to a failure of alveolar septation and lung emphysema (Bostrom et al., 1996). The variable phenotype has been attributed to differences in genetic background, compensation by expression of Pdgfb, maternal factors, placental transfer of PDGF and/or embryonic p ...
Article
... in the presence of the Eu2+/Eu3+. An anodic photocurrent has been produced when a potential is applied between zero and the open-circuit voltage. This observation indicates that upon illumination, electrons from the HOMO of EB excite to its LUMO from which they are transferred to the ITO (in EB-base ...
... in the presence of the Eu2+/Eu3+. An anodic photocurrent has been produced when a potential is applied between zero and the open-circuit voltage. This observation indicates that upon illumination, electrons from the HOMO of EB excite to its LUMO from which they are transferred to the ITO (in EB-base ...
CTENIDIAL STRUCTURE AND THREE BACTERIAL SYMBIONT
... The structure of the ctenidia of the Indo-West Pacific chemosymbiotic lucinid bivalve Anodontia (Euanodontia) ovum was investigated by electron microscopy. Ctenidial filaments are similar in general morphology to those described from other Lucinidae, with a ciliated zone, a short intermediary zone and ...
... The structure of the ctenidia of the Indo-West Pacific chemosymbiotic lucinid bivalve Anodontia (Euanodontia) ovum was investigated by electron microscopy. Ctenidial filaments are similar in general morphology to those described from other Lucinidae, with a ciliated zone, a short intermediary zone and ...
Photon Mapping on Programmable Graphics Hardware
... Photon Mapping Overview • Global illumination model • Every surface will have an extra texture associated with it, called a photon map • Photon mapping is a two stage process – Simulating the movement of photons and recording their interactions with each surface – During rendering, using the photon ...
... Photon Mapping Overview • Global illumination model • Every surface will have an extra texture associated with it, called a photon map • Photon mapping is a two stage process – Simulating the movement of photons and recording their interactions with each surface – During rendering, using the photon ...
Ca2 -Dependent Exocytosis in the Somata of Dorsal Root Ganglion
... To understand the role of soma release better, we asked: do the somata of vertebrate neurons undergo Ca21-dependent exocytosis under physiological conditions? If they do, what are the Ca21 requirements for the release? By combining membrane capacitance and Fura-2 measurements, we studied changes in ...
... To understand the role of soma release better, we asked: do the somata of vertebrate neurons undergo Ca21-dependent exocytosis under physiological conditions? If they do, what are the Ca21 requirements for the release? By combining membrane capacitance and Fura-2 measurements, we studied changes in ...
Microbiology Lab 1 Examination of Bacteria
... cell wall and may also damage the cytoplasmic membrane to which the peptidoglycan is attached. The single thin layer of peptidoglycan is unable to retain the crystal violet-iodine complex and the cell is decolorized. ...
... cell wall and may also damage the cytoplasmic membrane to which the peptidoglycan is attached. The single thin layer of peptidoglycan is unable to retain the crystal violet-iodine complex and the cell is decolorized. ...
Secondary embryonic axis formation by
... developed into rounded cell masses that failed to exhibit any sign of axial development (Fig. 2B); this phenotype was essentially the same as that obtained in Penners’ experiment (Penners, 1926). When the 4D cell (the largest cell of the 22-cell embryo) was ablated, the embryos developed normally (n ...
... developed into rounded cell masses that failed to exhibit any sign of axial development (Fig. 2B); this phenotype was essentially the same as that obtained in Penners’ experiment (Penners, 1926). When the 4D cell (the largest cell of the 22-cell embryo) was ablated, the embryos developed normally (n ...
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library
... (interferon γ), Th2 (interleukin 4, IL-5, and IL-13), Th17 cells (IL17 and IL-22), or Tregs (IL-10) [3]. The balance between regulatory and proinflammatory Th cells has important implications for disease pathogenesis, which can be exploited in therapeutic strategies [3, 4]. A switch from regulatory ...
... (interferon γ), Th2 (interleukin 4, IL-5, and IL-13), Th17 cells (IL17 and IL-22), or Tregs (IL-10) [3]. The balance between regulatory and proinflammatory Th cells has important implications for disease pathogenesis, which can be exploited in therapeutic strategies [3, 4]. A switch from regulatory ...
Generation of Intersubtype Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
... in CD4-positive cells. The characterization of biological properties of those recombinant viruses demonstrated viral production occurring only during a transient peak early on infection and that they are not able to down-regulate the expression of CD4 receptor on the cell surface. We also report the ...
... in CD4-positive cells. The characterization of biological properties of those recombinant viruses demonstrated viral production occurring only during a transient peak early on infection and that they are not able to down-regulate the expression of CD4 receptor on the cell surface. We also report the ...
Vacuole Membrane Protein 1 Is an Endoplasmic
... motifs. The function of Vmp1 is now beginning to be elucidated. Several lines of evidence suggest a possible role of this protein in membrane traffic and organelle organization. It has been described as a stress-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein in the rat exocrine pancreas that is highly e ...
... motifs. The function of Vmp1 is now beginning to be elucidated. Several lines of evidence suggest a possible role of this protein in membrane traffic and organelle organization. It has been described as a stress-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein in the rat exocrine pancreas that is highly e ...
Oocyte Development in Hydra Involves Selection from Competent
... cell types must be coordinated to ensure proper oocyte growth. A lineage-based mechanism involving asymmetric germ cell divisions is thought to partition oocytes and nurse cells in Drosophila (de Cuevas and Spradling, 1998). However, little is known regarding the oocyte selection process or the role ...
... cell types must be coordinated to ensure proper oocyte growth. A lineage-based mechanism involving asymmetric germ cell divisions is thought to partition oocytes and nurse cells in Drosophila (de Cuevas and Spradling, 1998). However, little is known regarding the oocyte selection process or the role ...
Lecture2
... Gastrulation is the movement of cells within the embryo to form the area of specific organs which usually called 3 germinal layers (Ectoderm, Mesoderm and Endoderm). These layers are definite organ forming region. The first thing to be formed is usually the brain and neural tissues and it is usually ...
... Gastrulation is the movement of cells within the embryo to form the area of specific organs which usually called 3 germinal layers (Ectoderm, Mesoderm and Endoderm). These layers are definite organ forming region. The first thing to be formed is usually the brain and neural tissues and it is usually ...
ARVO 2017 Annual Meeting Abstracts 106 Development of the
... Results: We investigated the roles of factors that execute or regulate Yki function. As Yki is known to promote cell proliferation and survival in Metazoa, we probed whether these functions of Yki are concomitant or distinct from its role in cell fate. We found that exogenous expression of the cell ...
... Results: We investigated the roles of factors that execute or regulate Yki function. As Yki is known to promote cell proliferation and survival in Metazoa, we probed whether these functions of Yki are concomitant or distinct from its role in cell fate. We found that exogenous expression of the cell ...
Chapter 11
... communicate by chemical messengers Animal and plant cells have cell junctions that directly connect the cytoplasm of ...
... communicate by chemical messengers Animal and plant cells have cell junctions that directly connect the cytoplasm of ...
Microtubules and the Evolution of Mitosis
... the achievements reached by the eukaryotes. However, this view has been shattered by exciting discoveries in bacterial cells made at the turn of the century. It began with the striking news that FtsZ, a protein essential for the fission of bacterial cells, is the prokaryotic ancestor of tubulin (Löwe ...
... the achievements reached by the eukaryotes. However, this view has been shattered by exciting discoveries in bacterial cells made at the turn of the century. It began with the striking news that FtsZ, a protein essential for the fission of bacterial cells, is the prokaryotic ancestor of tubulin (Löwe ...
Full-Text PDF
... Many studies on a molecular and a cellular scale have allowed a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the establishment of the different tissues during plant development. Tissues grow in a well-organized fashion which shapes the plant’s final structure. Plant growth is the result of two ...
... Many studies on a molecular and a cellular scale have allowed a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the establishment of the different tissues during plant development. Tissues grow in a well-organized fashion which shapes the plant’s final structure. Plant growth is the result of two ...
2015 – PKc-theta is a novel sc35 splicing factor regulator in
... of immune responses, alternative splicing of pre-mRNA is an emerging theme in the regulation of T cell function (5, 6). Several T cell genes, such as CD44 and CD45, undergo alternative splicing to produce distinct protein isoforms (7, 8). Furthermore, antigenic stimulation alters the pattern of alte ...
... of immune responses, alternative splicing of pre-mRNA is an emerging theme in the regulation of T cell function (5, 6). Several T cell genes, such as CD44 and CD45, undergo alternative splicing to produce distinct protein isoforms (7, 8). Furthermore, antigenic stimulation alters the pattern of alte ...
Electron Microscopic Observations on the Excretion of Cell
... enclosed in an intracellular vesicle, which then migrates towards, adheres to, and finally communicates with the cell membrane (Lever, 1962). The mechanism of release of the sac-like structures by Vibrio cholerae observed in this investigation is clearly different. However a simple pinching off of p ...
... enclosed in an intracellular vesicle, which then migrates towards, adheres to, and finally communicates with the cell membrane (Lever, 1962). The mechanism of release of the sac-like structures by Vibrio cholerae observed in this investigation is clearly different. However a simple pinching off of p ...
- Wiley Online Library
... any change in level between all three samples (Figure 2 and Table S3). These results suggest that SCs and GCs have almost identical histone expression patterns, which are significantly different from those of VCs. Identification of histone variants and isoforms To reveal histone variants expressed i ...
... any change in level between all three samples (Figure 2 and Table S3). These results suggest that SCs and GCs have almost identical histone expression patterns, which are significantly different from those of VCs. Identification of histone variants and isoforms To reveal histone variants expressed i ...
molecular mechanisms of mechanoperception in plants
... Ca2+ channel may respond to touch, gravity, and osmotically induced membrane stretch in these “plant-like” cells (Iwabuchi et al., 2005; Kaneko et al., 2005; Kaneko et al., 2009; Staves, 1997). The advent of patch-clamp electrophysiology made possible the study of opening and closing of single mecha ...
... Ca2+ channel may respond to touch, gravity, and osmotically induced membrane stretch in these “plant-like” cells (Iwabuchi et al., 2005; Kaneko et al., 2005; Kaneko et al., 2009; Staves, 1997). The advent of patch-clamp electrophysiology made possible the study of opening and closing of single mecha ...
View PDF - Genes | Genomes | Genetics
... 2008; Jamai et al. 2009; Winkler et al. 2011). The mechanisms that regulate the physical interactions that occur between the FACT complex and transcribed genes remain to be fully elucidated. Studies from a variety of model systems have implicated several factors, including the Paf1 complex, the chro ...
... 2008; Jamai et al. 2009; Winkler et al. 2011). The mechanisms that regulate the physical interactions that occur between the FACT complex and transcribed genes remain to be fully elucidated. Studies from a variety of model systems have implicated several factors, including the Paf1 complex, the chro ...
Arabidopsis ORGAN SIZE RELATED1 regulates organ growth and
... proliferation phase, during which cell number increases dramatically, and the subsequent cell expansion phase, during which cells expand to appropriate sizes (Mizukami, 2001; Anastasiou & Lenhard, 2007). These two phases are referred to as ‘growth by cell proliferation’ and ‘growth by cell expansion ...
... proliferation phase, during which cell number increases dramatically, and the subsequent cell expansion phase, during which cells expand to appropriate sizes (Mizukami, 2001; Anastasiou & Lenhard, 2007). These two phases are referred to as ‘growth by cell proliferation’ and ‘growth by cell expansion ...
Dermatopathology: An abridged compendium of words
... fascinating to me. Each school feels that what they say (or ...
... fascinating to me. Each school feels that what they say (or ...
Elevated IL-17 produced by TH17 cells promotes
... compared it with its frequency in healthy donor PBMCs and BMMCs. Freshly isolated PBMCs and BMMCs were stimulated for 6 hours with PMA and ionomycin and stained for intracellular IL-17 and IFN-␥ and analyzed by flow cytometry. The mean frequency of TH17 cells was 4.49% (⫾ 0.78%) in MM PBMCs compared ...
... compared it with its frequency in healthy donor PBMCs and BMMCs. Freshly isolated PBMCs and BMMCs were stimulated for 6 hours with PMA and ionomycin and stained for intracellular IL-17 and IFN-␥ and analyzed by flow cytometry. The mean frequency of TH17 cells was 4.49% (⫾ 0.78%) in MM PBMCs compared ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.