Myosin X is a downstream effector of PI(3)K during phagocytosis articles
... PH domains of Myo10 inhibited phagocytosis (Fig. 4b). In contrast, expression of GFP-tagged full-length Myo10 (Myo10 WT), or untagged full-length Myo10 (Myo10 WT*), did not result in a significant inhibition of phagocytosis (Fig. 4b). The lack of an effect on phagocytosis by some of the constructs w ...
... PH domains of Myo10 inhibited phagocytosis (Fig. 4b). In contrast, expression of GFP-tagged full-length Myo10 (Myo10 WT), or untagged full-length Myo10 (Myo10 WT*), did not result in a significant inhibition of phagocytosis (Fig. 4b). The lack of an effect on phagocytosis by some of the constructs w ...
Transactivation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
... survival, and tumorigenesis of highly malignant human glioblastoma cells. Because glioblastoma cells may also express other receptors for growth signals, such as the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR), we investigated the role of EGFR in the signaling cascade of FPR and how two receptors ...
... survival, and tumorigenesis of highly malignant human glioblastoma cells. Because glioblastoma cells may also express other receptors for growth signals, such as the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR), we investigated the role of EGFR in the signaling cascade of FPR and how two receptors ...
HIV1 impairs in vitro priming of nave T cells and gives rise to
... are upregulated [2]. These events are crucial for efficient antigen presentation, downstream signaling, and T-cell activation [3]. Mucosal exposure during sexual contact is the primary route of transmission of HIV-1 and DC subsets lining the genital or rectal mucosa are among the first immune cells ...
... are upregulated [2]. These events are crucial for efficient antigen presentation, downstream signaling, and T-cell activation [3]. Mucosal exposure during sexual contact is the primary route of transmission of HIV-1 and DC subsets lining the genital or rectal mucosa are among the first immune cells ...
Splenic Epstein-Barr Virus–Associated Inflammatory Pseudotumor
... IPT-like tumors with EBV-positive spindle cells. To demonstrate an FDC lineage, a panel of markers (including CD21, CD35, clusterin, CAN.42, CXCL13, and D2-40) rather than sole markers should be included in the immunostaining, as IPT-like FDC tumors often show only focal or weak FDC marker immunopos ...
... IPT-like tumors with EBV-positive spindle cells. To demonstrate an FDC lineage, a panel of markers (including CD21, CD35, clusterin, CAN.42, CXCL13, and D2-40) rather than sole markers should be included in the immunostaining, as IPT-like FDC tumors often show only focal or weak FDC marker immunopos ...
Msx genes define a population of mural cell - HAL
... 2006), together with Msx1lacZ null alleles. Using this strategy Msx1 is inactivated in the two layers of the blood vessel whereas Msx2 is inactivated only in the VSMCs. The specific αSm22Cre transgene we used was chosen to inactivate Msx2lox because of its early activation in mural cells (El-Bizri ...
... 2006), together with Msx1lacZ null alleles. Using this strategy Msx1 is inactivated in the two layers of the blood vessel whereas Msx2 is inactivated only in the VSMCs. The specific αSm22Cre transgene we used was chosen to inactivate Msx2lox because of its early activation in mural cells (El-Bizri ...
figure 2 - Open Biology
... Figure 2. Single-cell clustering. (a) Average silhouette value for different numbers of clusters using Gaussian mixture modelling (GMM) and hierarchical clustering. Higher averages represent better cluster quality, and the best clustering for this dataset was reached when cells were grouped into sev ...
... Figure 2. Single-cell clustering. (a) Average silhouette value for different numbers of clusters using Gaussian mixture modelling (GMM) and hierarchical clustering. Higher averages represent better cluster quality, and the best clustering for this dataset was reached when cells were grouped into sev ...
The Notch-target gene hairy2a impedes the involution of
... we proposed that the early organiser indeed contains cells that have the potential to develop either as notochord or FP, but the question of whether they constitute a mixed population or occupy different compartments within the organiser remained unanswered. In addition, we described that Notch sign ...
... we proposed that the early organiser indeed contains cells that have the potential to develop either as notochord or FP, but the question of whether they constitute a mixed population or occupy different compartments within the organiser remained unanswered. In addition, we described that Notch sign ...
Periodicities of photosynthesis and cell division: behavior of phase
... responses in phytoplankton physiology. There are several reasons for this lack of documentation. First, most studies of periodicity have been conducted using LD schedules which do not vary in intensity during the light portion of the cycle. This simplification makes work with algal cultures relative ...
... responses in phytoplankton physiology. There are several reasons for this lack of documentation. First, most studies of periodicity have been conducted using LD schedules which do not vary in intensity during the light portion of the cycle. This simplification makes work with algal cultures relative ...
A Model for Cell Proliferation in a Developing Organism
... Broad aim. Improve our understanding of the role of cell proliferation in tissue growth. Specific instance. Neural crest cells, present in the gut tissue of the developing human embryo, form neurons that construct the enteric nervous system (ENS). Failure of these cells to invade the gut tissue comp ...
... Broad aim. Improve our understanding of the role of cell proliferation in tissue growth. Specific instance. Neural crest cells, present in the gut tissue of the developing human embryo, form neurons that construct the enteric nervous system (ENS). Failure of these cells to invade the gut tissue comp ...
Gamete Handling and Fertilization
... concentration increased. This may be due to interference with the jelly coat of the egg, which attracts the sperm to the egg for fertilization. LiCl showed a dose-dependent effect on the development embryos, as well as a teratogenic effect (Becchetti and Whitaker, 1997), an event supported by these ...
... concentration increased. This may be due to interference with the jelly coat of the egg, which attracts the sperm to the egg for fertilization. LiCl showed a dose-dependent effect on the development embryos, as well as a teratogenic effect (Becchetti and Whitaker, 1997), an event supported by these ...
Sample
... 5. What is the primary factor governing penetration of alcohols (and similar compounds) through biological membranes? Their lipid solubility. 6. Why are different concentrations of alcohols used in this experiment? To shorten the penetration times so that the experiment can be completed during the l ...
... 5. What is the primary factor governing penetration of alcohols (and similar compounds) through biological membranes? Their lipid solubility. 6. Why are different concentrations of alcohols used in this experiment? To shorten the penetration times so that the experiment can be completed during the l ...
Chapter 6
... Concept 6.2: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions • The basic structural and functional unit of every organism is one of two types of cells: prokaryotic or eukaryotic • Only organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells ...
... Concept 6.2: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions • The basic structural and functional unit of every organism is one of two types of cells: prokaryotic or eukaryotic • Only organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells ...
Cytokinesis of neuroepithelial cells can divide their basal process
... M-phase NE cell bodies but also their basal processes extending radially towards the basal side of the neuroepithelium. Arrowhead, a globular-shaped M-phase NE cell body. The asterisk indicates ectodermal cells, which were stained by the secondary anti-mouse antibody. V, ventricle; VZ, ventricular z ...
... M-phase NE cell bodies but also their basal processes extending radially towards the basal side of the neuroepithelium. Arrowhead, a globular-shaped M-phase NE cell body. The asterisk indicates ectodermal cells, which were stained by the secondary anti-mouse antibody. V, ventricle; VZ, ventricular z ...
Translocation and Clustering of Endosomes and
... Movement of fluorescently labeled organelles was visualized in vivo by VEFM. The following combinations of filter sets were used for fluorescence microscopy: the N2.1 filter set for rhodamine (BP 515-560, RKP 580, LP 580) and the L2 filter set for fluorescein ~ P 450-500, RKP 510, BP 515560). To avo ...
... Movement of fluorescently labeled organelles was visualized in vivo by VEFM. The following combinations of filter sets were used for fluorescence microscopy: the N2.1 filter set for rhodamine (BP 515-560, RKP 580, LP 580) and the L2 filter set for fluorescein ~ P 450-500, RKP 510, BP 515560). To avo ...
Chapter 6 The Cell
... Concept 6.2: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions • The basic structural and functional unit of every organism is one of two types of cells: prokaryotic or eukaryotic • Only organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells ...
... Concept 6.2: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions • The basic structural and functional unit of every organism is one of two types of cells: prokaryotic or eukaryotic • Only organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells ...
II-Expressing Microvesicles at Their Surface Follicular Dendritic
... labeled for CD35 (complement receptor 1), whereas different Abs against other FDC-specific markers such as the long isoform of CR2/CD21 (39) failed to react in IEM. Interestingly, numerous 40to 70-nm membrane vesicles were seen attached to the surface of FDCs (Fig. 1), but not those of B cells. Thes ...
... labeled for CD35 (complement receptor 1), whereas different Abs against other FDC-specific markers such as the long isoform of CR2/CD21 (39) failed to react in IEM. Interestingly, numerous 40to 70-nm membrane vesicles were seen attached to the surface of FDCs (Fig. 1), but not those of B cells. Thes ...
PDF
... for methanogenic rods, and probably also for the methanogenic rods of Mastigella. As a result of methane production by these endosymbionts, the intracellular hydrogen levels may remain very low and, as a consequence, the eukaryote can easily reoxidize its reduced electron acceptors and profit from a ...
... for methanogenic rods, and probably also for the methanogenic rods of Mastigella. As a result of methane production by these endosymbionts, the intracellular hydrogen levels may remain very low and, as a consequence, the eukaryote can easily reoxidize its reduced electron acceptors and profit from a ...
Chapter 6
... Concept 6.2: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions • The basic structural and functional unit of every organism is one of two types of cells: prokaryotic or eukaryotic • Only organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells • Protis ...
... Concept 6.2: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions • The basic structural and functional unit of every organism is one of two types of cells: prokaryotic or eukaryotic • Only organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells • Protis ...
The Cell
... Concept 6.2: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions • The basic structural and functional unit of every organism is one of two types of cells: prokaryotic or eukaryotic • Only organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells • Protis ...
... Concept 6.2: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions • The basic structural and functional unit of every organism is one of two types of cells: prokaryotic or eukaryotic • Only organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells • Protis ...
The Dielectric Response of Spherical Live Cells in Suspension: An
... Our model complements these works and we could argue that it gives an effective picture of the a-polarization of the second layer. The dielectric behavior of live cells in suspension at low frequencies and low applied electric fields is predominantly determined by the a-relaxation. The theoretical m ...
... Our model complements these works and we could argue that it gives an effective picture of the a-polarization of the second layer. The dielectric behavior of live cells in suspension at low frequencies and low applied electric fields is predominantly determined by the a-relaxation. The theoretical m ...
生醫奈米影像技術
... chemical damage and covalent modification. Upon transition from an excited singlet state to the excited triplet state, fluorophores may interact with another molecule to produce irreversible covalent modifications. The triplet state is relatively long-lived with respect to the singlet state, thus al ...
... chemical damage and covalent modification. Upon transition from an excited singlet state to the excited triplet state, fluorophores may interact with another molecule to produce irreversible covalent modifications. The triplet state is relatively long-lived with respect to the singlet state, thus al ...
Autophagic Components Contribute to Hypersensitive Cell Death in
... Another, nonapoptotic form of animal PCD involves autophagy (Edinger and Thompson, 2004), an ancient vesicular mechanism for digestion of cell contents in eukaryotes (Mizushima, 2007). A central feature of autophagy is the formation of double membrane vesicles, named autophagosomes, that engulf and ...
... Another, nonapoptotic form of animal PCD involves autophagy (Edinger and Thompson, 2004), an ancient vesicular mechanism for digestion of cell contents in eukaryotes (Mizushima, 2007). A central feature of autophagy is the formation of double membrane vesicles, named autophagosomes, that engulf and ...
SHAPE CONTROL IN THE HUMAN RED CELL
... by ATP-depletion, parallel conversion of PI-PP and phosphatidic acid to phosphatidylinositol (PI) and diacylglycerol, respectively. Their results suggest that metabolic crenation may be caused by a decrease in area of the inner leaflet in accordance with the bilayer-couple hypothesis. A different me ...
... by ATP-depletion, parallel conversion of PI-PP and phosphatidic acid to phosphatidylinositol (PI) and diacylglycerol, respectively. Their results suggest that metabolic crenation may be caused by a decrease in area of the inner leaflet in accordance with the bilayer-couple hypothesis. A different me ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.