Dynamic targeting of the replication machinery to sites of DNA damage
... throughout the nucleus, whereas both GFP-PCNA and GFP-RPAp34 accumulated at discrete subnuclear foci after treatment with CDDP (Fig. 2 B). This result led us to speculate that the RPA/PCNA foci represented discrete sites of active repair. It has been previously shown that the repair of Pt-DNA adduct ...
... throughout the nucleus, whereas both GFP-PCNA and GFP-RPAp34 accumulated at discrete subnuclear foci after treatment with CDDP (Fig. 2 B). This result led us to speculate that the RPA/PCNA foci represented discrete sites of active repair. It has been previously shown that the repair of Pt-DNA adduct ...
Induction of Kranz Anatomy and C4-like
... accumulation of these enzymes appear to be the main factors responsible for the expression of the different photosynthetic traits of the two distinct forms (Ueno, 1996b). In addition, structural changes in the photosynthetic tissues might account to some extent for the differences in photosynthetic ...
... accumulation of these enzymes appear to be the main factors responsible for the expression of the different photosynthetic traits of the two distinct forms (Ueno, 1996b). In addition, structural changes in the photosynthetic tissues might account to some extent for the differences in photosynthetic ...
The AMF-R tubule is a smooth ilimaquinone
... rough ER tubules as well as tubules which exhibit both rough and smooth portions (Fig. 7). Of particular interest is the fact that while IQ does not affect the rough portion of the tubule, the smooth portion presents a morphology of interconnected narrow tubules morphologically identical to the tubu ...
... rough ER tubules as well as tubules which exhibit both rough and smooth portions (Fig. 7). Of particular interest is the fact that while IQ does not affect the rough portion of the tubule, the smooth portion presents a morphology of interconnected narrow tubules morphologically identical to the tubu ...
Draft De Novo Transcriptome of the Rat Kangaroo Potorous
... migration, cell adhesion and protein trafficking. However, probing the molecular basis of these cellular processes in PtK cells has been challenging due to the absence of rat kangaroo gene sequence information. We list four example reasons. First, while RNAi is possible in PtK cells, siRNA design re ...
... migration, cell adhesion and protein trafficking. However, probing the molecular basis of these cellular processes in PtK cells has been challenging due to the absence of rat kangaroo gene sequence information. We list four example reasons. First, while RNAi is possible in PtK cells, siRNA design re ...
Relative Abundance of Nickel in the Leaf
... transferred to the laboratory for microanalysis. Microscopy and microanalysis In preliminary trials, fresh plant material from Thlaspi pindicum and Leptoplax emarginata was mounted on the stage of a scanning electron microscope (Jeol 6300 SEM, Tokyo), immersed in liquid nitrogen within a cryo-transf ...
... transferred to the laboratory for microanalysis. Microscopy and microanalysis In preliminary trials, fresh plant material from Thlaspi pindicum and Leptoplax emarginata was mounted on the stage of a scanning electron microscope (Jeol 6300 SEM, Tokyo), immersed in liquid nitrogen within a cryo-transf ...
new bryokhutuliinia species (bryophyta) with sporophytes
... and subaquatic mosses, all the fragments are referred to as one species, Bryokhutuliinia crassimarginata. Welldeveloped leaves are (1) ecostate; have (2) elongate-rectangular leaf cells, and (3) a dark, even border all around the leaf (Figs. 12-13). Cells are seen to a certain extent in all slabs, b ...
... and subaquatic mosses, all the fragments are referred to as one species, Bryokhutuliinia crassimarginata. Welldeveloped leaves are (1) ecostate; have (2) elongate-rectangular leaf cells, and (3) a dark, even border all around the leaf (Figs. 12-13). Cells are seen to a certain extent in all slabs, b ...
DLG5 in Cell Polarity Maintenance and Cancer Development
... DLG5 may serve as a tumor suppressor. Knockdown of DLG5 can induce loss of epithelial polarity and promote cancer development, cell proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis. In breast cancer cells, DLG5 participates in progestin-induced growth inhibition and differentiation and is considered a pri ...
... DLG5 may serve as a tumor suppressor. Knockdown of DLG5 can induce loss of epithelial polarity and promote cancer development, cell proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis. In breast cancer cells, DLG5 participates in progestin-induced growth inhibition and differentiation and is considered a pri ...
Roles for Rice Membrane Dynamics and Plasmodesmata during
... In contrast with biotrophic hyphae, necrotrophic hyphae are associated with the death of plant cells ahead of the fungal growth front, and they lack a specialized interface in the plant cell. This is best illustrated for the hemibiotrophic pathogens in Colletotrichum species, which undergo two-stage ...
... In contrast with biotrophic hyphae, necrotrophic hyphae are associated with the death of plant cells ahead of the fungal growth front, and they lack a specialized interface in the plant cell. This is best illustrated for the hemibiotrophic pathogens in Colletotrichum species, which undergo two-stage ...
Fgf8 induces pillar cell fate and regulates cellular
... suggest that Fgf8-Fgfr3 interactions regulate cellular patterning within the organ of Corti through the induction of one cell fate (PC) and simultaneous inhibition of an alternate fate (OHC) in separate progenitor cells. Some of the effects of both inhibition and overactivation of the Fgf8-Fgfr3 sig ...
... suggest that Fgf8-Fgfr3 interactions regulate cellular patterning within the organ of Corti through the induction of one cell fate (PC) and simultaneous inhibition of an alternate fate (OHC) in separate progenitor cells. Some of the effects of both inhibition and overactivation of the Fgf8-Fgfr3 sig ...
SCUBE3 (Signal Peptide-CUB-EGF Domain
... organized in a modular fashion and share at least five protein domains: 1) an NH2-terminal signal peptide sequence, 2) nine copies of EGF-like repeats, 3) a spacer region, 4) three cysteinerich motifs, and 5) one CUB domain at the COOH terminus. Scube gene expression is overlapping and/or complement ...
... organized in a modular fashion and share at least five protein domains: 1) an NH2-terminal signal peptide sequence, 2) nine copies of EGF-like repeats, 3) a spacer region, 4) three cysteinerich motifs, and 5) one CUB domain at the COOH terminus. Scube gene expression is overlapping and/or complement ...
Estrogen receptor prevents p53-dependent apoptosis in breast cancer
... Using an integrative approach, we compared the p53 and ER cistromes (Fig. 3) with the 179 differentially expressed genes to determine which are directly affected by both transcription factors. We observed that there were 155 genes with an ER binding site and 38 genes with a p53 binding site within 1 ...
... Using an integrative approach, we compared the p53 and ER cistromes (Fig. 3) with the 179 differentially expressed genes to determine which are directly affected by both transcription factors. We observed that there were 155 genes with an ER binding site and 38 genes with a p53 binding site within 1 ...
THE MAMMALIAN CELL VIRUS RELATIONSHIP (From the
... accompanying cytopathic effect. Conversely, non-primate cells are naturally insusceptible to poliovirus infection, do not possess active receptors, adsorb only a small fraction of supplied poliovirus, fail to eclipse or replicate measurable amounts of the cell-associated virus, and undergo no cytopa ...
... accompanying cytopathic effect. Conversely, non-primate cells are naturally insusceptible to poliovirus infection, do not possess active receptors, adsorb only a small fraction of supplied poliovirus, fail to eclipse or replicate measurable amounts of the cell-associated virus, and undergo no cytopa ...
Amyloplast Formation in Cultured Tobacco BY
... regulation of storage potential and sink–source relationships in plants. Many of the enzymes involved in starch synthesis have been elucidated (reviewed in Smith et al. 1997), but the mechanisms that regulate amyloplast development remain unknown. Generally, starch storage organ development occurs i ...
... regulation of storage potential and sink–source relationships in plants. Many of the enzymes involved in starch synthesis have been elucidated (reviewed in Smith et al. 1997), but the mechanisms that regulate amyloplast development remain unknown. Generally, starch storage organ development occurs i ...
- Lorentz Center
... pre-defines spatial periodicity. While many genes potentially responsible for these processes have been identified, the precise role of molecular oscillations and the mechanism leading to physical separation of the somites remain elusive. In this paper we argue that the periodicity along the embryonic ...
... pre-defines spatial periodicity. While many genes potentially responsible for these processes have been identified, the precise role of molecular oscillations and the mechanism leading to physical separation of the somites remain elusive. In this paper we argue that the periodicity along the embryonic ...
Dominant negative connexin26 mutation R75W causing severe
... Background: The greater epithelial ridge (GER) is a developmental structure in the maturation of the organ of Corti. Situated near the inner hair cells of neonatal mice, the GER undergoes a wave of apoptosis after postnatal day 8 (P8). We evaluated the GER from P8 to P12 in transgenic mice that carr ...
... Background: The greater epithelial ridge (GER) is a developmental structure in the maturation of the organ of Corti. Situated near the inner hair cells of neonatal mice, the GER undergoes a wave of apoptosis after postnatal day 8 (P8). We evaluated the GER from P8 to P12 in transgenic mice that carr ...
Hemodynamic disorders p.1 - Patho
... 11 Kidney infarct 11a Early phase of the myocardial infarct 12 Lung infarct 10 Cancer cell embolism 290 Thrombus ...
... 11 Kidney infarct 11a Early phase of the myocardial infarct 12 Lung infarct 10 Cancer cell embolism 290 Thrombus ...
RNA-binding Proteins TIA-1 and TIAR Link the
... HE general translational arrest that accompanies environmental stress is initiated by the phosphorylation of eIF-2a, an essential component of the heterotrimeric eIF-2 complex that loads the initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAMet) onto the 40S ribosomal subunit (Berlanga et al., 1998; Gray and Wickens, 1998; S ...
... HE general translational arrest that accompanies environmental stress is initiated by the phosphorylation of eIF-2a, an essential component of the heterotrimeric eIF-2 complex that loads the initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAMet) onto the 40S ribosomal subunit (Berlanga et al., 1998; Gray and Wickens, 1998; S ...
and Function Activation Sulfenic Acid Formation for T Cell The
... Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) generated in response to receptor stimulation play an important role in mediating cellular responses. We have examined the importance of reversible cysteine sulfenic acid formation in naive CD8ⴙ T cell activation and proliferation. We observed that, within minutes ...
... Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) generated in response to receptor stimulation play an important role in mediating cellular responses. We have examined the importance of reversible cysteine sulfenic acid formation in naive CD8ⴙ T cell activation and proliferation. We observed that, within minutes ...
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... simplest self-replicating bacteria (82). These microorganisms lack a rigid cell wall and are bound by a single membrane, the plasma membrane. Wall-less bacteria were first described 100 years ago, and now over 190 species, widely distributed among humans, animals, insects and plants, are known (88). ...
... simplest self-replicating bacteria (82). These microorganisms lack a rigid cell wall and are bound by a single membrane, the plasma membrane. Wall-less bacteria were first described 100 years ago, and now over 190 species, widely distributed among humans, animals, insects and plants, are known (88). ...
Secretion of a murine retroviral Env associated with resistance to
... EndoH serves as a marker for transport to the Golgi complex where high-mannose sugars are converted to complex oligosaccharides. In the Fv4 system, the gp85 Env precursor was sensitive to PNGase and EndoH since it was entirely converted by these enzymes to a species of approximately 60 kDa. This is ...
... EndoH serves as a marker for transport to the Golgi complex where high-mannose sugars are converted to complex oligosaccharides. In the Fv4 system, the gp85 Env precursor was sensitive to PNGase and EndoH since it was entirely converted by these enzymes to a species of approximately 60 kDa. This is ...
Breaking dogmas: the plant vascular pathogen Xanthomonas
... bacterial pathogens is to assault key intracellular host processes to exploit the attractive nutritional menu provided by their eukaryotic hosts and to evade or suppress host defences. To achieve this goal, numerous Gram-negative plant and animal pathogenic bacteria rely on a specialized type III se ...
... bacterial pathogens is to assault key intracellular host processes to exploit the attractive nutritional menu provided by their eukaryotic hosts and to evade or suppress host defences. To achieve this goal, numerous Gram-negative plant and animal pathogenic bacteria rely on a specialized type III se ...
Human Placenta Is a Potent Hematopoietic
... to single collagenase treatment (Figure 1B). After injection of 10 3 106 cells from male tP3 (prepared using this method) into a NOD-SCID recipient, high percentages of hCD45+ cells were found in the blood, spleen, and BM (Figure 3C), and cells were of the B lymphoid and myeloid lineages. Moreover, ...
... to single collagenase treatment (Figure 1B). After injection of 10 3 106 cells from male tP3 (prepared using this method) into a NOD-SCID recipient, high percentages of hCD45+ cells were found in the blood, spleen, and BM (Figure 3C), and cells were of the B lymphoid and myeloid lineages. Moreover, ...
Quantitative Changes in Microtubule Distribution Correlate with
... bule structure; the solid black arrow on the graph shows the corresponding fluorescence peak. The dashed white arrow on the guard cell image indicates a region of very low fluorescence; the dashed black arrow on the graph shows the corresponding valley. The overall profiles show not only the approxi ...
... bule structure; the solid black arrow on the graph shows the corresponding fluorescence peak. The dashed white arrow on the guard cell image indicates a region of very low fluorescence; the dashed black arrow on the graph shows the corresponding valley. The overall profiles show not only the approxi ...
Myosin X is a downstream effector of PI(3)K during phagocytosis articles
... PH domains of Myo10 inhibited phagocytosis (Fig. 4b). In contrast, expression of GFP-tagged full-length Myo10 (Myo10 WT), or untagged full-length Myo10 (Myo10 WT*), did not result in a significant inhibition of phagocytosis (Fig. 4b). The lack of an effect on phagocytosis by some of the constructs w ...
... PH domains of Myo10 inhibited phagocytosis (Fig. 4b). In contrast, expression of GFP-tagged full-length Myo10 (Myo10 WT), or untagged full-length Myo10 (Myo10 WT*), did not result in a significant inhibition of phagocytosis (Fig. 4b). The lack of an effect on phagocytosis by some of the constructs w ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.