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... Biological tubes composed of polarized epithelial cells perform many functions in multicellular organisms. The establishment and maintenance of epithelial polarity depend on polarized trafficking of membrane components to the apical or basolateral domains of epithelial cells, but exactly how traffic ...
... Biological tubes composed of polarized epithelial cells perform many functions in multicellular organisms. The establishment and maintenance of epithelial polarity depend on polarized trafficking of membrane components to the apical or basolateral domains of epithelial cells, but exactly how traffic ...
research article Numerical study of the electroporation pulse shape
... world and for this reason it has drawn the attention of many researchers. Chemotherapy has been used for many years and is one of the most common treatments for cancer. Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs are usually hydrophilic with very low transport through the cell membrane and thus high doses of t ...
... world and for this reason it has drawn the attention of many researchers. Chemotherapy has been used for many years and is one of the most common treatments for cancer. Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs are usually hydrophilic with very low transport through the cell membrane and thus high doses of t ...
Detection of Viable but Nonculturable Cells of Listeria
... living cells makes it difficult to distinguish from food matrices (Zhang et al. 2011). In spite of the importance of molecular tools, there is still a need to develop simple, costeffective procedures to monitor bacterial viability and understand their behavior in different food matrices. The applica ...
... living cells makes it difficult to distinguish from food matrices (Zhang et al. 2011). In spite of the importance of molecular tools, there is still a need to develop simple, costeffective procedures to monitor bacterial viability and understand their behavior in different food matrices. The applica ...
Diabetes and Insulin Signaling - National Center for Case Study
... the time and he gives himself injections before most meals. And for some reason my mom has to remind him everyday to check his feet, but I never understood why.” “Your grandpa’s goal is to keep his glucose levels balanced; it can’t be too high or too low. He checks his blood glucose to see if he nee ...
... the time and he gives himself injections before most meals. And for some reason my mom has to remind him everyday to check his feet, but I never understood why.” “Your grandpa’s goal is to keep his glucose levels balanced; it can’t be too high or too low. He checks his blood glucose to see if he nee ...
Mast cell activation is differentially affected by heat shock
... Protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 (SH2 domaincontaining protein tyrosine phosphatase 1) and SHP-2 (SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2) have two SH2 domains and their substrates are tyrosyl-phosphorylated proteins [9]. SHP-1 is thought to dephosphorylate tyrosines in ITAMs [10] pr ...
... Protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 (SH2 domaincontaining protein tyrosine phosphatase 1) and SHP-2 (SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2) have two SH2 domains and their substrates are tyrosyl-phosphorylated proteins [9]. SHP-1 is thought to dephosphorylate tyrosines in ITAMs [10] pr ...
Identification of a novel population of muscle stem cells in mice
... http://www.jcb.org/cgi/doi/10.1083/jcb.200108150 ...
... http://www.jcb.org/cgi/doi/10.1083/jcb.200108150 ...
Functional diversification of centrins and cell morphological
... PtCenBP1p has previously been characterised as an essential component of the ICL forming the backbone of the network (Gogendeau et al., 2007). The new PtCenBP3 subfamily identified by the proteomic analysis comprises two proteins, PtCenBP2p and PtCenBP3p, which are paralogues of the most recent whol ...
... PtCenBP1p has previously been characterised as an essential component of the ICL forming the backbone of the network (Gogendeau et al., 2007). The new PtCenBP3 subfamily identified by the proteomic analysis comprises two proteins, PtCenBP2p and PtCenBP3p, which are paralogues of the most recent whol ...
Fibronectin and a5b1 integrin mediate binding of Pseudomonas
... In vitro dedifferentiated nasal epithelial cells were obtained using two primary cell culture conditions with nasal cells obtained from 14 non-CF subjects with polyposis: 1) the explant-outgrowth cell culture model [18], and 2) an original dissociated cell culture model. In the explantoutgrowth mode ...
... In vitro dedifferentiated nasal epithelial cells were obtained using two primary cell culture conditions with nasal cells obtained from 14 non-CF subjects with polyposis: 1) the explant-outgrowth cell culture model [18], and 2) an original dissociated cell culture model. In the explantoutgrowth mode ...
Prediction of Blastulation
... Chavez et al (2010) studied if the appearance of embryonic micronuclei had any effects on developmental potential ...
... Chavez et al (2010) studied if the appearance of embryonic micronuclei had any effects on developmental potential ...
Bmp signaling promotes intermediate mesoderm gene expression in
... The intermediate mesoderm lies between the somites and the lateral plate and is the source of all kidney tissue in the developing vertebrate embryo. While bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) signaling is known to regulate mesodermal cell type determination along the medio-lateral axis, its role in inte ...
... The intermediate mesoderm lies between the somites and the lateral plate and is the source of all kidney tissue in the developing vertebrate embryo. While bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) signaling is known to regulate mesodermal cell type determination along the medio-lateral axis, its role in inte ...
proofs oofs proofs
... amounts of endotoxin. In one study, patients with severe sepsis had bacterial DNA loads of 106 to 108 DNA copies per millilitre of blood. Yes, that’s one million to one hundred million bacterial cells, alive or dead, in every millilitre of their blood. The endotoxin from the massive numbers of livin ...
... amounts of endotoxin. In one study, patients with severe sepsis had bacterial DNA loads of 106 to 108 DNA copies per millilitre of blood. Yes, that’s one million to one hundred million bacterial cells, alive or dead, in every millilitre of their blood. The endotoxin from the massive numbers of livin ...
STUDY OF THE CELLS PROLIFERATING IN PARENT VERSUS F1
... experiments and lymph node cells in two experiments . Blasts were first defined as the cells labeled after a short pulse of [3H]TdR at the end of the culture, and their study required the combined use ...
... experiments and lymph node cells in two experiments . Blasts were first defined as the cells labeled after a short pulse of [3H]TdR at the end of the culture, and their study required the combined use ...
Dendritic cells express tight junction proteins and penetrate gut
... through specialized epithelial cells, called M cells, that are located in Peyer’s patches. However, Salmonella typhimurium that are deficient in invasion genes encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1) are still able to reach the spleen after oral administration.This suggests the existence ...
... through specialized epithelial cells, called M cells, that are located in Peyer’s patches. However, Salmonella typhimurium that are deficient in invasion genes encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1) are still able to reach the spleen after oral administration.This suggests the existence ...
Two-dimensional numerical study of flow
... cylinder shape (i.e., cell tether). The formation of cell tether is important for regulation of cell adhesion strength and stabilization of cell rolling, and may significantly affect the flow dynamics inside the vessel, as well as the motion of other cells and bioactive molecules. Although significant ...
... cylinder shape (i.e., cell tether). The formation of cell tether is important for regulation of cell adhesion strength and stabilization of cell rolling, and may significantly affect the flow dynamics inside the vessel, as well as the motion of other cells and bioactive molecules. Although significant ...
Isolation and purification of cell wall polysaccharide of Bacillus
... was devoid of muramic acid, alanine, diaminopimelic acid, glutamic acid, and lipid, thus indicating that the isolated polysaccharide was of pure quality. ...
... was devoid of muramic acid, alanine, diaminopimelic acid, glutamic acid, and lipid, thus indicating that the isolated polysaccharide was of pure quality. ...
YSK1 is activated by the Golgi matrix protein GM130 and plays a
... Recent evidence suggests that the Golgi apparatus, in addition to its function in protein secretion, may be the site of signaling events important for diverse cellular processes (for review see Ferri and Kroemer, 2001; Bivona and Philips, 2003; Rios and Bornens, 2003). Thus, it has been proposed tha ...
... Recent evidence suggests that the Golgi apparatus, in addition to its function in protein secretion, may be the site of signaling events important for diverse cellular processes (for review see Ferri and Kroemer, 2001; Bivona and Philips, 2003; Rios and Bornens, 2003). Thus, it has been proposed tha ...
Max and inhibitory c-Myc mutants induce erythroid di
... site (Ems) (Blackwood and Eisenman, 1991; Prendergast et al., 1991). Myc/Max activates transcription of reporter genes carrying Ems in their promoters, while the homodimer Max/Max is inactive as a transcriptional activator (Kretzner et al., 1992; Kato et al., 1992; Amin et al., 1993; Gu et al., 1993 ...
... site (Ems) (Blackwood and Eisenman, 1991; Prendergast et al., 1991). Myc/Max activates transcription of reporter genes carrying Ems in their promoters, while the homodimer Max/Max is inactive as a transcriptional activator (Kretzner et al., 1992; Kato et al., 1992; Amin et al., 1993; Gu et al., 1993 ...
A Role for Eosinophils in Adaptive Humoral Immunity
... in the initiation of humoral immune responses to protein antigens by memory T Helper-2 (TH2) cells and memory B lymphocytes. Eosinophils have long been known as a component of the inflammatory response induced during prolonged or repeated exposure to diverse antigens. However, their precise contribu ...
... in the initiation of humoral immune responses to protein antigens by memory T Helper-2 (TH2) cells and memory B lymphocytes. Eosinophils have long been known as a component of the inflammatory response induced during prolonged or repeated exposure to diverse antigens. However, their precise contribu ...
Full Text Article
... HepG-2, MCF7, HT29 and Vero cell lines. Cell lines were seeded in 96-well tissue culture plates. Stock solutions of AgNPs (5 mg/ml) were prepared in sterile distilled water and diluted to the required concentrations (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0. 625, 0.312, 0.156 mg/ml) using the cell culture medium. Approp ...
... HepG-2, MCF7, HT29 and Vero cell lines. Cell lines were seeded in 96-well tissue culture plates. Stock solutions of AgNPs (5 mg/ml) were prepared in sterile distilled water and diluted to the required concentrations (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0. 625, 0.312, 0.156 mg/ml) using the cell culture medium. Approp ...
dependent endoderm cell fate specification - EvoDevo
... blots (Figure 2L). Immunostaining of Nematostella eggs and early embryos using affinity-purified anti-NvStbm polyclonal antibodies revealed that NvStbm protein expression is congruent with transcript expression (Figure 2F-J). Double immunostaining for NvStbm and the female pronucleus in unfertilized ...
... blots (Figure 2L). Immunostaining of Nematostella eggs and early embryos using affinity-purified anti-NvStbm polyclonal antibodies revealed that NvStbm protein expression is congruent with transcript expression (Figure 2F-J). Double immunostaining for NvStbm and the female pronucleus in unfertilized ...
Muscle Development in Drosophila
... Muscle development takes place by a series of regulated steps, beginning with the specification of the muscle forming germ layer, the mesoderm. From the mesoderm originate different muscles, each one distinct in its shape, size, attachment and innervation. Muscles achieve their unique identities by ...
... Muscle development takes place by a series of regulated steps, beginning with the specification of the muscle forming germ layer, the mesoderm. From the mesoderm originate different muscles, each one distinct in its shape, size, attachment and innervation. Muscles achieve their unique identities by ...
Plant microtubule organization
... plants and from the spindles and interphase arrays of many algae. In vascular and many nonvascular plants, somatic cells have dispensed with centrosomes altogether (Vaughn and Harper, 1998). Among the ‘higher’ seed-producing plants, only two orders of gymnosperm, the cycads and ginkgoes, retain flag ...
... plants and from the spindles and interphase arrays of many algae. In vascular and many nonvascular plants, somatic cells have dispensed with centrosomes altogether (Vaughn and Harper, 1998). Among the ‘higher’ seed-producing plants, only two orders of gymnosperm, the cycads and ginkgoes, retain flag ...
Nonlysosomal Vesicles (Acidosomes) Are Involved
... not fused with the forming digestive vacuole membrane as indicated by their lack of horseradish peroxidase-reaction product. Bar, 2 /am. x 8,400. Fig. 2: Wet mounts of living P. caudatum incubated in neutral red (A) and acridine orange (B and C). Both compounds accumulated in a punctate pattern in t ...
... not fused with the forming digestive vacuole membrane as indicated by their lack of horseradish peroxidase-reaction product. Bar, 2 /am. x 8,400. Fig. 2: Wet mounts of living P. caudatum incubated in neutral red (A) and acridine orange (B and C). Both compounds accumulated in a punctate pattern in t ...
Synaptic Regulation of the Light-Dependent Oscillatory Currents in
... previously in this (Ozaita et al. 2004; Petit-Jacques et al. 2005) and other species (Bloomfield and Miller 1986; Famiglietti 1983; Tauchi and Masland 1984). This consisted of five to seven main dendritic branches that formed a proximal zone, which then divided into thinner intermediate segments tha ...
... previously in this (Ozaita et al. 2004; Petit-Jacques et al. 2005) and other species (Bloomfield and Miller 1986; Famiglietti 1983; Tauchi and Masland 1984). This consisted of five to seven main dendritic branches that formed a proximal zone, which then divided into thinner intermediate segments tha ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.