Evidence for Functional Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptors
... and does not respond to exogenous PDGF (11). Nontransformed mesenchymal cells require both PDGF and factors present in PPP for growth (19), while transformed cells, such as the U-2 OS, may overcome the PDGF requirement. The U-2 OS osteo sarcoma cells apparently satisfy their requirement for PDGF by ...
... and does not respond to exogenous PDGF (11). Nontransformed mesenchymal cells require both PDGF and factors present in PPP for growth (19), while transformed cells, such as the U-2 OS, may overcome the PDGF requirement. The U-2 OS osteo sarcoma cells apparently satisfy their requirement for PDGF by ...
Rb is required for progression through myogenic differentiation but
... muscle–specific expression of the MCK-Cre transgene was tested by crossing MCK-Cre mice with the R26R3 Cre– inducible LacZ reporter line of mice. Single fibers isolated from R26R3:MCK-Cre mice displayed robust X-Gal staining, confirming the proper expression of the MCK-Cre transgene (Fig. 3 H). To q ...
... muscle–specific expression of the MCK-Cre transgene was tested by crossing MCK-Cre mice with the R26R3 Cre– inducible LacZ reporter line of mice. Single fibers isolated from R26R3:MCK-Cre mice displayed robust X-Gal staining, confirming the proper expression of the MCK-Cre transgene (Fig. 3 H). To q ...
Evidence for Functional Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptors
... and does not respond to exogenous PDGF (11). Nontransformed mesenchymal cells require both PDGF and factors present in PPP for growth (19), while transformed cells, such as the U-2 OS, may overcome the PDGF requirement. The U-2 OS osteo sarcoma cells apparently satisfy their requirement for PDGF by ...
... and does not respond to exogenous PDGF (11). Nontransformed mesenchymal cells require both PDGF and factors present in PPP for growth (19), while transformed cells, such as the U-2 OS, may overcome the PDGF requirement. The U-2 OS osteo sarcoma cells apparently satisfy their requirement for PDGF by ...
Plant hormone perception and action: a role for G-protein
... in plants. Expression levels were comparable with other heterologous systems and the receptors displayed the expected ligand-binding speci¢city and kinetics indicating that functional MAChRs and MAChR chimeras had been produced in tobacco. However, there was no obvious phenotype in tobacco plants ex ...
... in plants. Expression levels were comparable with other heterologous systems and the receptors displayed the expected ligand-binding speci¢city and kinetics indicating that functional MAChRs and MAChR chimeras had been produced in tobacco. However, there was no obvious phenotype in tobacco plants ex ...
Problems of cell death in neurodegeneration and Alzheimer`s Disease
... in the tau gene [5,6]. The causes of cell death and their pathogenic relationship to the morphologic disease markers in these and other neurodegenerative disorders are still unknown. Recently, apoptosis, a specific form of gene-directed programmed cell death (PCD) [7, 8], has been implicated as a ge ...
... in the tau gene [5,6]. The causes of cell death and their pathogenic relationship to the morphologic disease markers in these and other neurodegenerative disorders are still unknown. Recently, apoptosis, a specific form of gene-directed programmed cell death (PCD) [7, 8], has been implicated as a ge ...
Bactericidal Antibiotics Induce Toxic Metabolic - Collins Lab
... contains a spreadsheet of normalized metabolite measurements and pathway associations. Figure 1 shows the fold change (with respect to UNT0) in relative concentration for the detected metabolites across all treatment conditions, grouped into the six most biologically relevant super-pathways. We obse ...
... contains a spreadsheet of normalized metabolite measurements and pathway associations. Figure 1 shows the fold change (with respect to UNT0) in relative concentration for the detected metabolites across all treatment conditions, grouped into the six most biologically relevant super-pathways. We obse ...
Role of Sulfhydryl Sites on Bacterial Cell Walls in the
... constants for the important binding sites on the Geobacter cell wall. These properties have been determined by our group in the past for both B. subtilis and S. oneidensis. The adsorption experiments in this study probe whether cell wall structural differences manifest themselves as differences in H ...
... constants for the important binding sites on the Geobacter cell wall. These properties have been determined by our group in the past for both B. subtilis and S. oneidensis. The adsorption experiments in this study probe whether cell wall structural differences manifest themselves as differences in H ...
ChChd3, an Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Protein, Is
... ⫹60° about an axis perpendicular to the optical axis of the microscope were achieved using a computer-controlled goniometer to increment accurately the angular steps. The pixel resolution was 1.2 nm. To improve the signal-to-noise ratio, each image was binned down two times by averaging adjacent pix ...
... ⫹60° about an axis perpendicular to the optical axis of the microscope were achieved using a computer-controlled goniometer to increment accurately the angular steps. The pixel resolution was 1.2 nm. To improve the signal-to-noise ratio, each image was binned down two times by averaging adjacent pix ...
Cloning, Expression in Escherichia coli, and Characterization of
... isolate BH72, which is also capable of invading grass roots, was significant endoglucanase activity, in addition to 13-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase activity, present. Reducing sugars were readily released from medium-viscosity carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), but neither CMC, cellulose filter stri ...
... isolate BH72, which is also capable of invading grass roots, was significant endoglucanase activity, in addition to 13-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase activity, present. Reducing sugars were readily released from medium-viscosity carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), but neither CMC, cellulose filter stri ...
Structural Requirements of Simple Organic
... III. Friend leukemia cells; alkylGu*. alkylguanidiniums; alkylPy*. alkylpyridiniums; octylPy*, octylpyridiniums. ...
... III. Friend leukemia cells; alkylGu*. alkylguanidiniums; alkylPy*. alkylpyridiniums; octylPy*, octylpyridiniums. ...
uncorrected page proofs
... If N. meningitidis reaches the bloodstream, the bacteria can spread to other organs. Meningitis is the disease that results if the bacteria cross the blood– brain barrier and reach the CSF that bathes the brain and spinal cord. If the bacteria become established here, they undergo cell division and ...
... If N. meningitidis reaches the bloodstream, the bacteria can spread to other organs. Meningitis is the disease that results if the bacteria cross the blood– brain barrier and reach the CSF that bathes the brain and spinal cord. If the bacteria become established here, they undergo cell division and ...
Extended Survivability of Prostate Cancer Cells
... transduction modifiers such as phorbol esters (30-32) and thapsigargin (33). We recently reported apoptosis induction by prostate secre tory protein 94 (34) and hydroxamic acid compounds (35, 36) in hormone-refractory human prostate cancer cells. Little information exists in regard to differential p ...
... transduction modifiers such as phorbol esters (30-32) and thapsigargin (33). We recently reported apoptosis induction by prostate secre tory protein 94 (34) and hydroxamic acid compounds (35, 36) in hormone-refractory human prostate cancer cells. Little information exists in regard to differential p ...
Stomata lab data sheet
... Lab Experiment for Section 5.2 Purpose: In this activity, you will be investigating the structure of the stomata within a spinach plant leaf and determine how it functions with regards to the process of photosynthesis. Objectives: Students will be able to define the function of the stomata Stude ...
... Lab Experiment for Section 5.2 Purpose: In this activity, you will be investigating the structure of the stomata within a spinach plant leaf and determine how it functions with regards to the process of photosynthesis. Objectives: Students will be able to define the function of the stomata Stude ...
The tubulin gene family of Paramecium: Characterization and
... elaborate and stable ciliary axonemes and basal bodies to very dynamic cytoplasmic, cortical or intranuclear arrays. Their organization and individual cycle of assembly/disassembly are well known and extensive immunocytochemical studies of the post-translational modifications in the various microtub ...
... elaborate and stable ciliary axonemes and basal bodies to very dynamic cytoplasmic, cortical or intranuclear arrays. Their organization and individual cycle of assembly/disassembly are well known and extensive immunocytochemical studies of the post-translational modifications in the various microtub ...
Strategies of actin reorganisation in plant cells
... date. The actin-binding domain of mouse talin (Tn) (Kost et al., 1998) allowed the observation of fine actin organisation in all plant tissues and led to a better understanding of F-actin organisation during plant development and morphogenesis (Mathur et al., 1999; Fu et al., 2001; Ilgenfritz et al. ...
... date. The actin-binding domain of mouse talin (Tn) (Kost et al., 1998) allowed the observation of fine actin organisation in all plant tissues and led to a better understanding of F-actin organisation during plant development and morphogenesis (Mathur et al., 1999; Fu et al., 2001; Ilgenfritz et al. ...
Direct Comparison between T Cell Control of Hepatitis B Virus +CD8
... hepatocytes. However, studies in HBV transgenic mice and HBV-infected chimpanzees revealed that T cell control of HBV replication also involves cytokine-mediated noncytolytic mechanisms. The relative role of cytolytic and noncytolytic functions of virus-specific CD8+ T cells during interaction with ...
... hepatocytes. However, studies in HBV transgenic mice and HBV-infected chimpanzees revealed that T cell control of HBV replication also involves cytokine-mediated noncytolytic mechanisms. The relative role of cytolytic and noncytolytic functions of virus-specific CD8+ T cells during interaction with ...
Auxin-Dependent Cell Division and Cell Elongation. 1
... both drugs were chosen such that they did not affect cell viability and they did not reach superoptimal concentrations (data not shown). Moreover, we tested whether the results would change when the cells were transferred into fresh medium containing the freshly added drugs (to exclude potential acc ...
... both drugs were chosen such that they did not affect cell viability and they did not reach superoptimal concentrations (data not shown). Moreover, we tested whether the results would change when the cells were transferred into fresh medium containing the freshly added drugs (to exclude potential acc ...
Identification of genes controlling germ cell migration and embryonic
... with the following modifications: Embryos were collected on apple juice-agar plates for 12 hours and allowed to age for 24 hours at 25°C. Unhatched eggs were collected into specialized 18-well staining blocks (design by Philip Zamore), dechorionated and fixed for 10 minutes in a 3:1 acetic acid:glyc ...
... with the following modifications: Embryos were collected on apple juice-agar plates for 12 hours and allowed to age for 24 hours at 25°C. Unhatched eggs were collected into specialized 18-well staining blocks (design by Philip Zamore), dechorionated and fixed for 10 minutes in a 3:1 acetic acid:glyc ...
Cells The Basic Unit of Life
... In binary fission, the parent cell divides equally into two daughter cells. In budding the parent cell divides unequally. The daughter cell is smaller than the parent cell. But after budding is complete, the daughter cell may grow to the size of the parent. Organisms of the kingdom Fungi, such as th ...
... In binary fission, the parent cell divides equally into two daughter cells. In budding the parent cell divides unequally. The daughter cell is smaller than the parent cell. But after budding is complete, the daughter cell may grow to the size of the parent. Organisms of the kingdom Fungi, such as th ...
3. Taxonomy and classification of Algae
... Glaucophytes are a small group of freshwater microscopic algae, sometimes collected also from soil samples. Glaucophytes live photoautotrophically with the aid of blue-green plastids often referred to as cyanelles. This unusual chloroplast lies in a special vacuole and presents a thin peptidoglycan ...
... Glaucophytes are a small group of freshwater microscopic algae, sometimes collected also from soil samples. Glaucophytes live photoautotrophically with the aid of blue-green plastids often referred to as cyanelles. This unusual chloroplast lies in a special vacuole and presents a thin peptidoglycan ...
IFN and IL12 synergize to convert in vivo generated Th17 into Th1
... been observed in vivo, but it remained elusive, how these cells had been generated and whether they represent a distinct lineage of Th differentiation. It has been shown that ex vivo isolated Th1 and Th17 cells are not interconvertable by TGF-b/IL-6 and IL-12, respectively. Here, we show that ex viv ...
... been observed in vivo, but it remained elusive, how these cells had been generated and whether they represent a distinct lineage of Th differentiation. It has been shown that ex vivo isolated Th1 and Th17 cells are not interconvertable by TGF-b/IL-6 and IL-12, respectively. Here, we show that ex viv ...
Downloaded - The Journal of Cell Biology
... the large granules is a major event in the maturation process of the neutrophil, and occurs at the myelocyte stage (3). In comparison with the azurophils and specifics, the large granules contain no serine or metalloproteases, acid hydrolases, or peroxidase (10). In contrast, they contain a set of s ...
... the large granules is a major event in the maturation process of the neutrophil, and occurs at the myelocyte stage (3). In comparison with the azurophils and specifics, the large granules contain no serine or metalloproteases, acid hydrolases, or peroxidase (10). In contrast, they contain a set of s ...
Quantitative profiling of initiating ribosomes in vivo - Shu
... collected in parallel for RNA-seq to quantify mRNA abundance. In response to starvation, the changes in the initiation rates showed positive correlation with the differences of ribosome occupancy on the corresponding CDS (r = 0.375; Fig. 2a). The same observation held for a mouse embryonic fibroblas ...
... collected in parallel for RNA-seq to quantify mRNA abundance. In response to starvation, the changes in the initiation rates showed positive correlation with the differences of ribosome occupancy on the corresponding CDS (r = 0.375; Fig. 2a). The same observation held for a mouse embryonic fibroblas ...
Treatment of experimental arthritis by inducing immune tolerance
... nents of the disease. On the other hand, failures in the function of the Treg cell compartment can contribute to the development of RA, and enhancing the function of this compartment may also represent a therapeutic strategy (2–6). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are mesodermderived cells that reside ...
... nents of the disease. On the other hand, failures in the function of the Treg cell compartment can contribute to the development of RA, and enhancing the function of this compartment may also represent a therapeutic strategy (2–6). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are mesodermderived cells that reside ...
Chapter_01
... membrane-bound cavities in the cytoplasm of the cell ER function: Transports substances in the cytoplasm Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex are critical for post-translational modifications that help sort, condense, package, and deliver proteins arriving from the ER. Copyright © 2014 by Mosby, an impr ...
... membrane-bound cavities in the cytoplasm of the cell ER function: Transports substances in the cytoplasm Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex are critical for post-translational modifications that help sort, condense, package, and deliver proteins arriving from the ER. Copyright © 2014 by Mosby, an impr ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.