15. THYROID FUNCTION Follicular activity
... In the process of synthesizing thyroglobulins, the follicular cells have to uptake and concentrate Iodine from circulation. This is done through an active transport mechanism that is capable of pumping Iodine against a gradient ranging from 25 times higer in normal animals to as much as 250 times hi ...
... In the process of synthesizing thyroglobulins, the follicular cells have to uptake and concentrate Iodine from circulation. This is done through an active transport mechanism that is capable of pumping Iodine against a gradient ranging from 25 times higer in normal animals to as much as 250 times hi ...
Penetration and Establishment of Phakopsora pachyrhizi in
... epidermal cell wall (Fig. 2C). Subsequently, it expanded as it went through papillar material and traversed the host epidermal cell to reach the lower epidermal cell wall (Fig. 2C). The penetration pore in the upper epidermal cell wall had the edge of the host cuticle pushed part way into the pore ( ...
... epidermal cell wall (Fig. 2C). Subsequently, it expanded as it went through papillar material and traversed the host epidermal cell to reach the lower epidermal cell wall (Fig. 2C). The penetration pore in the upper epidermal cell wall had the edge of the host cuticle pushed part way into the pore ( ...
BMP and Delta/Notch signaling control the development of
... The evolution of the nervous system in metazoan animals has been a topic of great interest. It is thought that the first nerve cell (neuron) evolved in a common ancestor of cnidarians and bilaterians, because neuronal cell types are absent in their sister group, the sponges (Galliot et al., 2009). A ...
... The evolution of the nervous system in metazoan animals has been a topic of great interest. It is thought that the first nerve cell (neuron) evolved in a common ancestor of cnidarians and bilaterians, because neuronal cell types are absent in their sister group, the sponges (Galliot et al., 2009). A ...
Slide 1
... regulated by several factors. Properdin retards the decay of the C3b,Bb complex, increasing its half-life from about 4 min to 40 min. Decay accelerator substances (eg, factor H or decay accelerating factor [DAF]) compete with B for binding to C3b (eg, to produce C3b,H), decreasing the half-life of t ...
... regulated by several factors. Properdin retards the decay of the C3b,Bb complex, increasing its half-life from about 4 min to 40 min. Decay accelerator substances (eg, factor H or decay accelerating factor [DAF]) compete with B for binding to C3b (eg, to produce C3b,H), decreasing the half-life of t ...
RNA Amplification and cDNA Synthesis for qRT
... cDNA Synthesis from Cell Lysates Kit is illustrated in Fig. 1. Briefly, cells are lysed and the poly(A) RNA (mRNA) in the crude, whole-cell lysate is amplified by in vitro transcription. The amplified RNA is converted to cDNA, and the cDNA diluted up to 1,000-fold for qPCR. The single-day reaction w ...
... cDNA Synthesis from Cell Lysates Kit is illustrated in Fig. 1. Briefly, cells are lysed and the poly(A) RNA (mRNA) in the crude, whole-cell lysate is amplified by in vitro transcription. The amplified RNA is converted to cDNA, and the cDNA diluted up to 1,000-fold for qPCR. The single-day reaction w ...
Biology II Pacing Guide - Canton Public School District
... evolution, molecular biology). (DOK 3 Analyze changes in an ecosystem resulting from natural causes (succession), changes in climate, human activity (pollution and recycling), or introduction of non-native species. (DOK 2) ...
... evolution, molecular biology). (DOK 3 Analyze changes in an ecosystem resulting from natural causes (succession), changes in climate, human activity (pollution and recycling), or introduction of non-native species. (DOK 2) ...
year 12 biology - Miss Jan`s Science Wikispace
... Describe the base pairing rule for creating a complementary strand from a template strand of DNA State how many chromosomes are made from a single chromosome during DNA replication Explain why DNA replication is called semi-conservative Explain the role of DNA replication in preparing the cell for d ...
... Describe the base pairing rule for creating a complementary strand from a template strand of DNA State how many chromosomes are made from a single chromosome during DNA replication Explain why DNA replication is called semi-conservative Explain the role of DNA replication in preparing the cell for d ...
Rab-A2 and Rab-A3 GTPases Define a trans
... The Ypt3/Rab11/Rab25 subfamily of Rab GTPases has expanded greatly in Arabidopsis thaliana, comprising 26 members in six provisional subclasses, Rab-A1 to Rab-A6. We show that the Rab-A2 and Rab-A3 subclasses define a novel post-Golgi membrane domain in Arabidopsis root tips. The Rab-A2/A3 compartme ...
... The Ypt3/Rab11/Rab25 subfamily of Rab GTPases has expanded greatly in Arabidopsis thaliana, comprising 26 members in six provisional subclasses, Rab-A1 to Rab-A6. We show that the Rab-A2 and Rab-A3 subclasses define a novel post-Golgi membrane domain in Arabidopsis root tips. The Rab-A2/A3 compartme ...
a brief history Agrobacterium tumefaciens
... tumor induction. This includes a very large contiguous region, approximately 20 kpb, extending from EcoRI fragment 17 to the T-DNA. The areas which do affect tumor induction occur at five different loci. We have named these five loci virA, virB, virC, virD, and virE (Fig. 2). Tn3 insertions in the v ...
... tumor induction. This includes a very large contiguous region, approximately 20 kpb, extending from EcoRI fragment 17 to the T-DNA. The areas which do affect tumor induction occur at five different loci. We have named these five loci virA, virB, virC, virD, and virE (Fig. 2). Tn3 insertions in the v ...
Slam and germ cell migration - Development
... to gain insights into these processes, as germ cell migration shares with them key features such as invasion through an epithelium, cell-cell adhesion and directed migration to a target tissue. Germ cell migration is a well-conserved process in species such as human, mouse, fish and fly. Drosophila ...
... to gain insights into these processes, as germ cell migration shares with them key features such as invasion through an epithelium, cell-cell adhesion and directed migration to a target tissue. Germ cell migration is a well-conserved process in species such as human, mouse, fish and fly. Drosophila ...
Expression of collagenolytic/gelatinolytic metalloproteinases
... at the neutral pH of the extracellular space. Each enzyme is secreted by cells as an inactive species, the zymogen or proenzyme form. Activation in vitro usually results in a decrease in molecular weight due to proteolytic cleavage from the N-terminal of the protein, and similar activation mechanism ...
... at the neutral pH of the extracellular space. Each enzyme is secreted by cells as an inactive species, the zymogen or proenzyme form. Activation in vitro usually results in a decrease in molecular weight due to proteolytic cleavage from the N-terminal of the protein, and similar activation mechanism ...
Expression of the Nucleus-Encoded Chloroplast Division Genes and
... permanent inheritance of the chloroplasts during the course of cell division and from generation to generation. The majority of algae (both unicellular and multicellular) have just one or at most only a few chloroplasts per cell, and it is obvious that a direct and precise relationship must exist be ...
... permanent inheritance of the chloroplasts during the course of cell division and from generation to generation. The majority of algae (both unicellular and multicellular) have just one or at most only a few chloroplasts per cell, and it is obvious that a direct and precise relationship must exist be ...
American Journal of Potato Research
... North America can be attributed at least in part to the presence of symptomless, latent infections. The term "latent infection" was first applied by Dykstra (10) in a subtitle to describe an experiment in which potatoes, inoculated with ring tot, produced no visibly infected plants or tubers that ye ...
... North America can be attributed at least in part to the presence of symptomless, latent infections. The term "latent infection" was first applied by Dykstra (10) in a subtitle to describe an experiment in which potatoes, inoculated with ring tot, produced no visibly infected plants or tubers that ye ...
tubulin isotypes - Journal of Cell Science
... been identified; the genes are dispersed within the genome, one having an intron and one being intronless (Toda et al. 1984). In unicellular organisms there appear to be no simple paradigms governing the number or arrangement of tubulin genes. Chlamydomonas and Aspergillus both possess two a and two ...
... been identified; the genes are dispersed within the genome, one having an intron and one being intronless (Toda et al. 1984). In unicellular organisms there appear to be no simple paradigms governing the number or arrangement of tubulin genes. Chlamydomonas and Aspergillus both possess two a and two ...
NUCLEAR AND CYTOPLASMIC STAINING
... It is very important to remember that hematoxylin is not a dye; hematein, the oxidaXon product of hematoxylin, is a weak anionic dye. OxidaXon of hematoxylin is necessary and may be achieved naturally ...
... It is very important to remember that hematoxylin is not a dye; hematein, the oxidaXon product of hematoxylin, is a weak anionic dye. OxidaXon of hematoxylin is necessary and may be achieved naturally ...
Temperature-controlled US-mediated intracellular delivery of a
... microscopic fluid motions induced by the oscillating microbubbles in the ultrasound field (referred to as stable cavitation) that drive the therapeutic agents into cells or temporarily open pores in the cell membrane allowing uptake of molecules. Additionally, acoustic radiation forces rather than a ...
... microscopic fluid motions induced by the oscillating microbubbles in the ultrasound field (referred to as stable cavitation) that drive the therapeutic agents into cells or temporarily open pores in the cell membrane allowing uptake of molecules. Additionally, acoustic radiation forces rather than a ...
to the complete text
... interested in modeling hyphal growth. In addition to the rounded profiles of hyphae that have been described by mycologists since Reinhardt (1892), we must now consider how tips can produce fine projections. Bowen and colleagues show that a ‘microtip’ can form at the apex of Aspergillus niger hyphae ...
... interested in modeling hyphal growth. In addition to the rounded profiles of hyphae that have been described by mycologists since Reinhardt (1892), we must now consider how tips can produce fine projections. Bowen and colleagues show that a ‘microtip’ can form at the apex of Aspergillus niger hyphae ...
Antigen Export during Liver Infection of the Malaria - edoc
... Generation of P. berghei OVA-expressing parasites. We first determined to what extent the localization of P. berghei antigens in infected cells affects MHC-I presentation. To this end, we generated a P. berghei parasite line that expresses a truncated version of the OVA surrogate antigen, encompassi ...
... Generation of P. berghei OVA-expressing parasites. We first determined to what extent the localization of P. berghei antigens in infected cells affects MHC-I presentation. To this end, we generated a P. berghei parasite line that expresses a truncated version of the OVA surrogate antigen, encompassi ...
Circuits that build visual cortical receptive fields
... configuration correlated with the emergence of neural sensitivity to stimulus orientation. In the thalamus, a bar of any orientation drove cells vigorously. Cortical cells responded briskly to a stimulus aligned with the long axis of sign-matched subregions, but fired less vigorously, if at all, to ...
... configuration correlated with the emergence of neural sensitivity to stimulus orientation. In the thalamus, a bar of any orientation drove cells vigorously. Cortical cells responded briskly to a stimulus aligned with the long axis of sign-matched subregions, but fired less vigorously, if at all, to ...
Chapter 1 - Utrecht University Repository
... isolated, which were differentially associated with rab4, rab11 and transferrin receptor (Sheff et al., 1999). In immunoisolation experiments the recycling endosome was isolated. This compartment contains molecules involved in the regulation of transferrin recycling, as rab4, rab11 and cellubrevin a ...
... isolated, which were differentially associated with rab4, rab11 and transferrin receptor (Sheff et al., 1999). In immunoisolation experiments the recycling endosome was isolated. This compartment contains molecules involved in the regulation of transferrin recycling, as rab4, rab11 and cellubrevin a ...
Audit 2013-01 Compliance with County Cell Phone Policy
... We recommend a lower voice reimbursement amount be offered for employees on option B with minimal voice/cell usage or who use phones primarily for data or email. Due to an every-changing business environment, the County Manager should review the tiers for the stipend plan (Option B) at least annuall ...
... We recommend a lower voice reimbursement amount be offered for employees on option B with minimal voice/cell usage or who use phones primarily for data or email. Due to an every-changing business environment, the County Manager should review the tiers for the stipend plan (Option B) at least annuall ...
The Poxvirus Protein A52R Targets Toll
... Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are crucial in the innate immune response to pathogens, in that they recognize and respond to pathogen associated molecular patterns, which leads to activation of intracellular signaling pathways and altered gene expression. Vaccinia virus (VV), the poxvirus used to vaccin ...
... Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are crucial in the innate immune response to pathogens, in that they recognize and respond to pathogen associated molecular patterns, which leads to activation of intracellular signaling pathways and altered gene expression. Vaccinia virus (VV), the poxvirus used to vaccin ...
Morphology and physiology of the marine straminipilan fungi, the
... Aplanochytrids were isolated from 34 out of 76 zooplankton samples from different strata in the 0–1000 m water column in the equatorial Indian Ocean. None of the samples yielded thraustochytrids in culture, suggesting that aplanochytrids might be more prevalent in the zooplankton samples of these wa ...
... Aplanochytrids were isolated from 34 out of 76 zooplankton samples from different strata in the 0–1000 m water column in the equatorial Indian Ocean. None of the samples yielded thraustochytrids in culture, suggesting that aplanochytrids might be more prevalent in the zooplankton samples of these wa ...
Determination and Formation of the Basic Body Pattern in Embryo of
... Miya (1950, 1952) carried out several experiments on the differentiation of primordial germ cells and the gonad formation using the similar technique and made clear the predetermination of germinal region and the relation between the segmental genital ridges and the primordial germ cells. From these ...
... Miya (1950, 1952) carried out several experiments on the differentiation of primordial germ cells and the gonad formation using the similar technique and made clear the predetermination of germinal region and the relation between the segmental genital ridges and the primordial germ cells. From these ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.