An antagonist of integrin αvβ3 prevents maturation of blood vessels
... highly expressed on angioblasts prior to and during vessel formation. Moreover, the adhesive protein, vitronectin, the major ligand for αvβ3, was associated with the basal surface of these cells. Most important, a direct role for αvβ3 in vasculogenesis was demonstrated since an αvβ3 antagonist, LM60 ...
... highly expressed on angioblasts prior to and during vessel formation. Moreover, the adhesive protein, vitronectin, the major ligand for αvβ3, was associated with the basal surface of these cells. Most important, a direct role for αvβ3 in vasculogenesis was demonstrated since an αvβ3 antagonist, LM60 ...
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... Septins are a group of P-loop guanosine triphosphate (GTP) binding proteins that were first discovered in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Hartwell, 1971), with several homologues now identified in many animals and yeasts, but currently absent in higher plants (Pan et al., 2007; Nishihama ...
... Septins are a group of P-loop guanosine triphosphate (GTP) binding proteins that were first discovered in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Hartwell, 1971), with several homologues now identified in many animals and yeasts, but currently absent in higher plants (Pan et al., 2007; Nishihama ...
Role of the RNA-binding protein Roquin in immune homeostasis
... range of specificities has the potential to recognize components of the own organism, and several self-tolerance mechanisms have evolved to control the activity of the autoreactive cells. Defects in tolerance pathways have been described in several autoimmune diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus i ...
... range of specificities has the potential to recognize components of the own organism, and several self-tolerance mechanisms have evolved to control the activity of the autoreactive cells. Defects in tolerance pathways have been described in several autoimmune diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus i ...
Modeling the Gastric Mill Central Pattern Generator of the Lobster
... FIG. 1. A: network diagram for the gastric mill central pattern generator (CPG). Circles represent cells. Overlapping circles represent multiple cells that are regarded as identical for modeling purposes. All but the 2 E cells are in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG). The key to the types of connect ...
... FIG. 1. A: network diagram for the gastric mill central pattern generator (CPG). Circles represent cells. Overlapping circles represent multiple cells that are regarded as identical for modeling purposes. All but the 2 E cells are in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG). The key to the types of connect ...
Mitochondria use actin filaments as rails for fast translocation in
... mitochondria moving slowly along microtubules (0.220.05 m m s1), while in our study, mitochondria movement along microtubules was less than our limit of detection (0.3 m m s1). In any case, our in vivo study shows that mitochondria and peroxisomes in Arabidopsis and tobacco move quickly and over ...
... mitochondria moving slowly along microtubules (0.220.05 m m s1), while in our study, mitochondria movement along microtubules was less than our limit of detection (0.3 m m s1). In any case, our in vivo study shows that mitochondria and peroxisomes in Arabidopsis and tobacco move quickly and over ...
Chloroplast Tubules Visualized in Transplastomic Plants Expressing
... suggest that chloroplast tubules may be regulated developmentally and/or tissue-specifically and have functions related to photosynthesis and the intracellular signal transduction. Previously, the presence of tubular connections between etioplasts has been demonstrated in stomatal guard cells of Ara ...
... suggest that chloroplast tubules may be regulated developmentally and/or tissue-specifically and have functions related to photosynthesis and the intracellular signal transduction. Previously, the presence of tubular connections between etioplasts has been demonstrated in stomatal guard cells of Ara ...
Epstein-Barr virus genetics: talking about the BAC generation Open Access
... The mutated EBV BAC is also a genuine virus, provided it is transferred back to a eukaryotic environment in which the recombinant viral DNA can be packaged into infectious virions. This obviously requires introduction of the EBV BAC DNA into cells that support lytic replication. Furthermore, lytic r ...
... The mutated EBV BAC is also a genuine virus, provided it is transferred back to a eukaryotic environment in which the recombinant viral DNA can be packaged into infectious virions. This obviously requires introduction of the EBV BAC DNA into cells that support lytic replication. Furthermore, lytic r ...
Growth as a Solid Tumor or Reduced Glucose Concentrations
... PBS (3% FCS, 0.1% NaN3) for 15 min at 48C. In the blocking or enhancing experiments, cells were first exposed to KM81, KM114, or IRAWB14 antibodies for 15 min, followed by staining with FL-HA. Drug-treated cells were stained with biotin-labeled Helix pomona agglutinin (HPA, Vector Laboratories, Inc. ...
... PBS (3% FCS, 0.1% NaN3) for 15 min at 48C. In the blocking or enhancing experiments, cells were first exposed to KM81, KM114, or IRAWB14 antibodies for 15 min, followed by staining with FL-HA. Drug-treated cells were stained with biotin-labeled Helix pomona agglutinin (HPA, Vector Laboratories, Inc. ...
MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF
... with a cell or a cell group increased, it could be found with increasing ease and precision. However, the location as well as some morphological and functional characteristics of certain cells vary, at times considerably, from ganglion to ganglion. Thus, this study must present a simplified and idea ...
... with a cell or a cell group increased, it could be found with increasing ease and precision. However, the location as well as some morphological and functional characteristics of certain cells vary, at times considerably, from ganglion to ganglion. Thus, this study must present a simplified and idea ...
Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus
... of both cultivars (Figs 4A and 4C). Lignin is important for mechanical support of vascular and mechanical tissues. It gives rigidity to cell walls and makes tracheary elements impermeable thereby allowing the transport of water and solutes through the vascular system (Ros Barceló, 1997). Lignificati ...
... of both cultivars (Figs 4A and 4C). Lignin is important for mechanical support of vascular and mechanical tissues. It gives rigidity to cell walls and makes tracheary elements impermeable thereby allowing the transport of water and solutes through the vascular system (Ros Barceló, 1997). Lignificati ...
Yeast Mating Type
... The genetic analysis of yeast mating type began with the isolation of sterile (ste) mutants unable to mate (MacKay and Manney, 1974a). They screened among a mutagenized population of a cells that carried a recessive drug resistance marker to find isolates that grew on selective medium containing the ...
... The genetic analysis of yeast mating type began with the isolation of sterile (ste) mutants unable to mate (MacKay and Manney, 1974a). They screened among a mutagenized population of a cells that carried a recessive drug resistance marker to find isolates that grew on selective medium containing the ...
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... defects in sensing systemic osmotic pressure (Liedtke et al. 2000). Finally, TRPV5 knockouts have renal Ca21handling defects (Hoenderop et al. 2003a). It remains unclear whether these defects are due to loss of homomeric channels or due to the knockouts disrupting a more complex mixture of heteromer ...
... defects in sensing systemic osmotic pressure (Liedtke et al. 2000). Finally, TRPV5 knockouts have renal Ca21handling defects (Hoenderop et al. 2003a). It remains unclear whether these defects are due to loss of homomeric channels or due to the knockouts disrupting a more complex mixture of heteromer ...
The plant endoplasmic reticulum: a cell-wide web
... growing tubules can fuse laterally with other tubules forming the new polygons. Thus multiple homotypic membrane fusions can be generated along one ER tubule. In mammals several genes have been shown to have an essential role in homotypic membrane fusion (see [27] and references therein). To date th ...
... growing tubules can fuse laterally with other tubules forming the new polygons. Thus multiple homotypic membrane fusions can be generated along one ER tubule. In mammals several genes have been shown to have an essential role in homotypic membrane fusion (see [27] and references therein). To date th ...
1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION
... Very marked increases in leukocyte number due to an inflammatory response (up to or >100 x 109/L) which must be differentiated from Leukaemias ! Some examples: -pyometra -severe abscessation ...
... Very marked increases in leukocyte number due to an inflammatory response (up to or >100 x 109/L) which must be differentiated from Leukaemias ! Some examples: -pyometra -severe abscessation ...
Culm strenth of a rice brittle mutant
... bc4 on chromosome 6 (Nagato and Yoshimura, 1998), bc5 is a brittle node gene and bc6 is a dominant gene. However, except bc1, the genes associated with these mutations have not been isolated. The fp2 was mapped on chromosome 10, this gene genetic location was difference to those brittle mutants in r ...
... bc4 on chromosome 6 (Nagato and Yoshimura, 1998), bc5 is a brittle node gene and bc6 is a dominant gene. However, except bc1, the genes associated with these mutations have not been isolated. The fp2 was mapped on chromosome 10, this gene genetic location was difference to those brittle mutants in r ...
Supplement
... disadvantage. Indeed, in our studies we found that for over 99% of SOPs the spacing requirement was maintained indicating a strong selective bias to maintain such spacing. In addition to the above two requirements, when designing our computational model and algorithm we attempted to follow other pro ...
... disadvantage. Indeed, in our studies we found that for over 99% of SOPs the spacing requirement was maintained indicating a strong selective bias to maintain such spacing. In addition to the above two requirements, when designing our computational model and algorithm we attempted to follow other pro ...
cilia regeneration in tetrahymena and its inhibition
... portion of the basal body. CILIA REGENERATION: ...
... portion of the basal body. CILIA REGENERATION: ...
Neurotoxin-induced degeneration of dopamine neurons
... within the head [two pairs of CEP neurons and one pair of anterior deirids (ADE) neurons] and one pair that is located in a posterior lateral position [posterior deirids (PDE) neurons] (15, 32). These neurons contain ciliated dendrites that contact the cuticle and likely convey mechanosensory inform ...
... within the head [two pairs of CEP neurons and one pair of anterior deirids (ADE) neurons] and one pair that is located in a posterior lateral position [posterior deirids (PDE) neurons] (15, 32). These neurons contain ciliated dendrites that contact the cuticle and likely convey mechanosensory inform ...
Lim, K et al Science 2015
... cell migration and retention. The predominant view in the field is that effector T cells home to the infection sites by following the prepatterned tissue-specific chemokine gradients created by the target cells (1–4). However, many of these chemokines are derived from newly recruited innate immune c ...
... cell migration and retention. The predominant view in the field is that effector T cells home to the infection sites by following the prepatterned tissue-specific chemokine gradients created by the target cells (1–4). However, many of these chemokines are derived from newly recruited innate immune c ...
Urinalysis
... many of these RBC's, compared to two relatively normal RBC's at the center left of the right panel. These abnormal RBC's are dysmorphic RBC's. ...
... many of these RBC's, compared to two relatively normal RBC's at the center left of the right panel. These abnormal RBC's are dysmorphic RBC's. ...
A Role in Migration for the v 1 Integrin Expressed on
... (Paterson et al., 1973) and migrates during development to produce the widespread distribution of differentiated oligodendrocytes seen in the mature animal. Direct evidence for this migration has come from two sets of in vivo studies. First, cells labeled with a lac-Z reporter gene while in the subv ...
... (Paterson et al., 1973) and migrates during development to produce the widespread distribution of differentiated oligodendrocytes seen in the mature animal. Direct evidence for this migration has come from two sets of in vivo studies. First, cells labeled with a lac-Z reporter gene while in the subv ...
DORSAL-VENTRAL PATTERNING AND NEURAL INDUCTION IN
... others (Avsian-Kretchmer & Hsueh 2004). Because BMP and Noggin share cystine knots and conserved protein folds, it has been proposed that the ligand and its antagonist may have evolved from ancestrally related proteins (Groppe et al. 2002). Chordin is a large protein of about 1000 amino acids contai ...
... others (Avsian-Kretchmer & Hsueh 2004). Because BMP and Noggin share cystine knots and conserved protein folds, it has been proposed that the ligand and its antagonist may have evolved from ancestrally related proteins (Groppe et al. 2002). Chordin is a large protein of about 1000 amino acids contai ...
Lutoslawski`s Derivation of Twelve
... Note that in the first two tetrachord pairs, only the cell from which a pc is derived changes, but the same number of relative cell positions is preserved. In the final pair, S1 is also substituted for E2, which begins the process of chordal transformation that continues in subsequent chords. B ...
... Note that in the first two tetrachord pairs, only the cell from which a pc is derived changes, but the same number of relative cell positions is preserved. In the final pair, S1 is also substituted for E2, which begins the process of chordal transformation that continues in subsequent chords. B ...
Heterodimerization and Endocytosis of Arabidopsis
... exchange factor for small G-proteins of the auxin responsive factor class (ARF-GEF), GNOM (Geldner et al., 2003), and of sterol trafficking in Arabidopsis (Grebe et al., 2003) demonstrate the importance of endocytosis in plant development. Although previously demonstrated in plants (Horn et al., 198 ...
... exchange factor for small G-proteins of the auxin responsive factor class (ARF-GEF), GNOM (Geldner et al., 2003), and of sterol trafficking in Arabidopsis (Grebe et al., 2003) demonstrate the importance of endocytosis in plant development. Although previously demonstrated in plants (Horn et al., 198 ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.