as a PDF
... results were indistinguishable from those obtained with the rabbit polyclonal anti–g-TIP peptide antibodies (Jauh et al., 1998). However, no g-TIP antigen was detectable in the pea seed extract (Figure 1B, lane 10). Therefore, the z26-kD band detected by MAb351 in the pea root tip extract is g-TIP a ...
... results were indistinguishable from those obtained with the rabbit polyclonal anti–g-TIP peptide antibodies (Jauh et al., 1998). However, no g-TIP antigen was detectable in the pea seed extract (Figure 1B, lane 10). Therefore, the z26-kD band detected by MAb351 in the pea root tip extract is g-TIP a ...
Location of the Heart
... The blood returns from the systemic circulation to the right atrium and from there goes through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle. It is ejected from the right ventricle through the pulmonary valve to the lungs. Oxygenated blood returns from the lungs to the left atrium, and from there thro ...
... The blood returns from the systemic circulation to the right atrium and from there goes through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle. It is ejected from the right ventricle through the pulmonary valve to the lungs. Oxygenated blood returns from the lungs to the left atrium, and from there thro ...
Is ATP a Signaling Agent in Plants?
... eATP in the millimolar range, but it is notable that Venus fly trap closure was accelerated by 100 m eATP (Jaffe, 1973), a concentration consistent with receptor activity (animal P2X receptors may exhibit one-half maximal activation by over 300 m ligand; Humphrey et al., 1998). Since then, eATP ef ...
... eATP in the millimolar range, but it is notable that Venus fly trap closure was accelerated by 100 m eATP (Jaffe, 1973), a concentration consistent with receptor activity (animal P2X receptors may exhibit one-half maximal activation by over 300 m ligand; Humphrey et al., 1998). Since then, eATP ef ...
Eph/ephrins and N-cadherin coordinate to control the
... of sympathetic ganglia Given the spatiotemporal correlation between these gene expression patterns and neural crest cell movements in the interganglionic regions, we tested the hypothesis that ephrinB1 and EphB2 play a role in neural crest cell sorting. To block signaling in ovo, we utilized ephrinB ...
... of sympathetic ganglia Given the spatiotemporal correlation between these gene expression patterns and neural crest cell movements in the interganglionic regions, we tested the hypothesis that ephrinB1 and EphB2 play a role in neural crest cell sorting. To block signaling in ovo, we utilized ephrinB ...
Separate Functions of Gelsolin Mediate Sequential Steps of
... collagen phagocytosis is facilitated by Ca2+-dependent, gelsolin-mediated severing of actin filaments, the regulation of the collagen internalization step is not defined. We determined here whether phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] regulation of gelsolin is required for collagen inte ...
... collagen phagocytosis is facilitated by Ca2+-dependent, gelsolin-mediated severing of actin filaments, the regulation of the collagen internalization step is not defined. We determined here whether phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] regulation of gelsolin is required for collagen inte ...
Dissecting sterol function during clathrin-dependent
... lipid bilayer solvent that can interact with peripheral proteins (Simons and Sampaio, 2011). The lipid bilayer results from the self-association of the lipids hydrophobic moieties and the interaction of the hydrophilic moieties with aqueous environments. The same principle acts at the subcellular le ...
... lipid bilayer solvent that can interact with peripheral proteins (Simons and Sampaio, 2011). The lipid bilayer results from the self-association of the lipids hydrophobic moieties and the interaction of the hydrophilic moieties with aqueous environments. The same principle acts at the subcellular le ...
An unusual variation in the anatomy of the uncinate
... (32%) or adjacent (45.5%) to the lacrimal fossa at the lower part of the lacrimal fossa. The uncinate process was adjacent to the maxillary bone [i.e. further forward on the lacrimal fossa] (55.8% cases) at the middle and adjacent to the middle turbinate (61%) at the upper levels of the lacrimal fos ...
... (32%) or adjacent (45.5%) to the lacrimal fossa at the lower part of the lacrimal fossa. The uncinate process was adjacent to the maxillary bone [i.e. further forward on the lacrimal fossa] (55.8% cases) at the middle and adjacent to the middle turbinate (61%) at the upper levels of the lacrimal fos ...
Hedgehog signaling and yolk sac angiogenesis
... In order to examine the role of Ihh signaling in blood island differentiation, we generated Ihh deficient (Ihh–/–) ES cell lines using a targeting construct (Fig. 2A) designed to replace exon 1 with a neomyocin resistance (neoR) cassette that contains a point mutation in the neoR open reading frame ...
... In order to examine the role of Ihh signaling in blood island differentiation, we generated Ihh deficient (Ihh–/–) ES cell lines using a targeting construct (Fig. 2A) designed to replace exon 1 with a neomyocin resistance (neoR) cassette that contains a point mutation in the neoR open reading frame ...
The humoral pattern recognition receptor PTX3 is stored in
... either cell associated (expressed intracellularly or on the cell surface) or present in body fluids. There are two functional classes of cell-associated PRRs: endocytic PRRs (i.e., scavenger receptors and mannose receptors) involved in microorganism binding and uptake; and signaling PRRs (members of ...
... either cell associated (expressed intracellularly or on the cell surface) or present in body fluids. There are two functional classes of cell-associated PRRs: endocytic PRRs (i.e., scavenger receptors and mannose receptors) involved in microorganism binding and uptake; and signaling PRRs (members of ...
FREE Sample Here
... a. because the molecules contain the maximum possible number of protons that can be easily donated in reactions that lead to synthesis of complex molecules b. because the molecules contain the minimum possible number of electrons that can be easily donated in reactions that lead to synthesis of comp ...
... a. because the molecules contain the maximum possible number of protons that can be easily donated in reactions that lead to synthesis of complex molecules b. because the molecules contain the minimum possible number of electrons that can be easily donated in reactions that lead to synthesis of comp ...
Integration of the olfactory code across dendritic
... In the olfactory system, sensory inputs are arranged in different glomerular channels, which respond in combinatorial ensembles to the various chemical features of an odor. We investigated where and how this combinatorial code is read out deeper in the brain. We exploited the unique morphology of ne ...
... In the olfactory system, sensory inputs are arranged in different glomerular channels, which respond in combinatorial ensembles to the various chemical features of an odor. We investigated where and how this combinatorial code is read out deeper in the brain. We exploited the unique morphology of ne ...
Subcellular localization of peroxidase in tomato fruit skin and the
... fruits was con®rmed. Furthermore, peroxidase activity was also observed associated with the plasma membrane and large vesicles allied to the plasma membrane. While cross-linking in cell wall components was previously assumed to be the mechanism by which peroxidase might control fruit growth, the inc ...
... fruits was con®rmed. Furthermore, peroxidase activity was also observed associated with the plasma membrane and large vesicles allied to the plasma membrane. While cross-linking in cell wall components was previously assumed to be the mechanism by which peroxidase might control fruit growth, the inc ...
A specific domain in α-catenin mediates binding to β
... complete binding the flow-through was reapplied to the settled beads. After washing the amylose beads 2× with 10 ml PBS, the fusion protein was eluted with 20 mM maltose in PBS, dialysed against 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, and stored after shock freezing in liquid nitrogen. pMalα129 was constructed by d ...
... complete binding the flow-through was reapplied to the settled beads. After washing the amylose beads 2× with 10 ml PBS, the fusion protein was eluted with 20 mM maltose in PBS, dialysed against 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, and stored after shock freezing in liquid nitrogen. pMalα129 was constructed by d ...
On the origin, evolution, and nature of programmed cell
... lesions in the organ and tissue in which it occurs. But while apoptosis is a quiet form of cell death, it is not a silent one. Because apoptosis is an active process, the dying cell can emit signals that will modify the behavior of neighboring cells, including the neighboring cells that are ingestin ...
... lesions in the organ and tissue in which it occurs. But while apoptosis is a quiet form of cell death, it is not a silent one. Because apoptosis is an active process, the dying cell can emit signals that will modify the behavior of neighboring cells, including the neighboring cells that are ingestin ...
Phage adsorption and lytic propagation in
... As it is well known, the first step in phage infection is the adsorption on the host cell surface. This stage depends on the presence of specific attachment sites (phage receptors) on the cell wall surface [17]. In the present work, more than 99 % of phage particles were adsorbed on L. plantarum ATC ...
... As it is well known, the first step in phage infection is the adsorption on the host cell surface. This stage depends on the presence of specific attachment sites (phage receptors) on the cell wall surface [17]. In the present work, more than 99 % of phage particles were adsorbed on L. plantarum ATC ...
The Arabidopsis trichome is an active mechanosensory switch
... (Solanum lycopersicum) plants has been shown to trigger defensive responses (Peiffer et al. 2009). However, it is surprising that Arabidopsis trichomes have not yet received careful attention from the perspective of active structures, as systems that can enable repeated transduction of mechanical re ...
... (Solanum lycopersicum) plants has been shown to trigger defensive responses (Peiffer et al. 2009). However, it is surprising that Arabidopsis trichomes have not yet received careful attention from the perspective of active structures, as systems that can enable repeated transduction of mechanical re ...
Glycosyltransferase activity of Fringe modulates
... Ligands that are capable of activating Notch family receptors are broadly expressed in animal development, but their activity is tightly regulated to allow formation of tissue boundaries1. Members of the fringe gene family have been implicated in limiting Notch activation during boundary formation2– ...
... Ligands that are capable of activating Notch family receptors are broadly expressed in animal development, but their activity is tightly regulated to allow formation of tissue boundaries1. Members of the fringe gene family have been implicated in limiting Notch activation during boundary formation2– ...
CASK (LIN2) interacts with Cx43 in wounded skin and their
... with Cx43 and CADM1 1 hour after skin explant wounding. Together, these studies indicate that CASK interaction with Cx43 occurs relatively early in the connexin life cycle and imply a plasma membrane targeting role for the interaction that apparently affects cellular processes including cellular mig ...
... with Cx43 and CADM1 1 hour after skin explant wounding. Together, these studies indicate that CASK interaction with Cx43 occurs relatively early in the connexin life cycle and imply a plasma membrane targeting role for the interaction that apparently affects cellular processes including cellular mig ...
A Dominant Negative Mutant of Cyclin-Dependent
... Cell cycle regulation is well characterized in yeast and animals, and many details of the molecular mechanisms regulating this process are known. Progression through its different phases (G1, S, G2, and M) is controlled by a class of heterodimeric protein kinases composed of a catalytic subunit call ...
... Cell cycle regulation is well characterized in yeast and animals, and many details of the molecular mechanisms regulating this process are known. Progression through its different phases (G1, S, G2, and M) is controlled by a class of heterodimeric protein kinases composed of a catalytic subunit call ...
Positive Regulation of IκB Kinase Signaling by Protein
... These functional results, together with data shown, further reinforce the model that PP2A binds to IKK, facilitating the induction of IκB kinase activity, targeted degradation of IκB, and release of NF-κB to its nuclear site of action. Instead, our studies support the idea that this region of IKKγ i ...
... These functional results, together with data shown, further reinforce the model that PP2A binds to IKK, facilitating the induction of IκB kinase activity, targeted degradation of IκB, and release of NF-κB to its nuclear site of action. Instead, our studies support the idea that this region of IKKγ i ...
Session 238 Lens development and molecular cell biology
... Purpose: Celastrol, also known as tripterine, is isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine ‘Thunder of God Vine’. It shows significant activities in the treatment of chronic inflammatory, cancer and diabetic activity. Capsule opacification is the most common complication after cataract surgery. ...
... Purpose: Celastrol, also known as tripterine, is isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine ‘Thunder of God Vine’. It shows significant activities in the treatment of chronic inflammatory, cancer and diabetic activity. Capsule opacification is the most common complication after cataract surgery. ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).