Eph Regulates Dorsoventral Asymmetry of the Notochord
... along the embryonic midline, indicating normal cell intercalation (n = 126 embryos; Figure 4F–H). In contrast, notochord cells of embryos transfected with Eph4DC (n = 106 embryos) failed to undergo normal cell intercalation. These cells were rounded and often invaded the surrounding tissue, resultin ...
... along the embryonic midline, indicating normal cell intercalation (n = 126 embryos; Figure 4F–H). In contrast, notochord cells of embryos transfected with Eph4DC (n = 106 embryos) failed to undergo normal cell intercalation. These cells were rounded and often invaded the surrounding tissue, resultin ...
Bacteriochlorophyll-Synthesizing Budding Bacterium
... However, comparisons of 16s rRNA sequences showed them to be members of the (11-4 subdivision of the class Proteobucteriu and most closely related to the marine aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-synthesizing bacterium Erythrobacter longus. They also differ from members of the Plunctomycetules phenotypical ...
... However, comparisons of 16s rRNA sequences showed them to be members of the (11-4 subdivision of the class Proteobucteriu and most closely related to the marine aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-synthesizing bacterium Erythrobacter longus. They also differ from members of the Plunctomycetules phenotypical ...
Masking the Pathogen: Evolutionary Strategies of Fungi and Their
... influenzae [27,28], and is known to share antigenic determinants with certain pneumococcal PSs [29,30]. In addition, the presence of capsule has been implicated in biofilm formation, which correlates with the ability of capsular PS to bind polystyrene solid supports [31]. The primary structure of th ...
... influenzae [27,28], and is known to share antigenic determinants with certain pneumococcal PSs [29,30]. In addition, the presence of capsule has been implicated in biofilm formation, which correlates with the ability of capsular PS to bind polystyrene solid supports [31]. The primary structure of th ...
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Atria and Ventricles of the
... powerful mitogen for cells of mesodermal and neuroectodermal origin (18-20), a mesoderm inducer (morphogen) in embryonic development (28, 41), and a differentiation inducer for some cell types (1). Because of its high affinity for heparin (17), bFGF is accumulated in heparan-sulfate-rich extracellul ...
... powerful mitogen for cells of mesodermal and neuroectodermal origin (18-20), a mesoderm inducer (morphogen) in embryonic development (28, 41), and a differentiation inducer for some cell types (1). Because of its high affinity for heparin (17), bFGF is accumulated in heparan-sulfate-rich extracellul ...
Paranasal Sinus Anatomy and Function January 2002
... In the late teen years the sinus reaches it's full size with a volume of 7.5 ml (23x20x17mm). Pneumatization of this sinus, like that of the frontal sinus, is very variable. Generally these are bilateral structures located at the posteriosuperior aspect of the nasal cavity. Pneumatization can extend ...
... In the late teen years the sinus reaches it's full size with a volume of 7.5 ml (23x20x17mm). Pneumatization of this sinus, like that of the frontal sinus, is very variable. Generally these are bilateral structures located at the posteriosuperior aspect of the nasal cavity. Pneumatization can extend ...
Agrin-related Molecules Are Concentrated at Acetylcholine Receptor
... Figure 1. The expression of agrin-related molecules precedes the appearance of AchR clusters in developing muscle and is localized at the earliest-forming AchR clusters. Frozen sections of stage 24 (a and b) and stage 25 (c and d) dorsal muscle masses double-labeled with anti-agrin monoclonal 5B1 fo ...
... Figure 1. The expression of agrin-related molecules precedes the appearance of AchR clusters in developing muscle and is localized at the earliest-forming AchR clusters. Frozen sections of stage 24 (a and b) and stage 25 (c and d) dorsal muscle masses double-labeled with anti-agrin monoclonal 5B1 fo ...
Evidence That Ternary Complex (eIF2-GTP-tRNAi
... preinitiation complex. The resulting untranslated mRNA is dynamically routed to discrete cytoplasmic foci known as stress granules (SGs), a process requiring the related RNA-binding proteins TIA-1 and TIAR. SGs appear to be in equilibrium with polysomes, but the nature of this relationship is obscur ...
... preinitiation complex. The resulting untranslated mRNA is dynamically routed to discrete cytoplasmic foci known as stress granules (SGs), a process requiring the related RNA-binding proteins TIA-1 and TIAR. SGs appear to be in equilibrium with polysomes, but the nature of this relationship is obscur ...
Cathepsin D released by lactating rat mammary epithelial cells is
... extracts from rat mammary tissue (Baldocchi et al., 1992) and by microsomal pellets from MCF-7 cells (Khurana et al., 1999), and it was suggested that the 16 kDa PRL was generated by CD within the lysosomes. Huge quantities of pituitary PRL is released in the circulation at each milking during lacta ...
... extracts from rat mammary tissue (Baldocchi et al., 1992) and by microsomal pellets from MCF-7 cells (Khurana et al., 1999), and it was suggested that the 16 kDa PRL was generated by CD within the lysosomes. Huge quantities of pituitary PRL is released in the circulation at each milking during lacta ...
Unit 6 Microorganisms & Fungi
... Green algae - share many characteristics with plants, including their photosynthetic pigments & cell wall composition ...
... Green algae - share many characteristics with plants, including their photosynthetic pigments & cell wall composition ...
The maize mutant narrow sheath fails to establish
... 1992; van den Berg et al., 1995)). A keynote feature of animal development is the subdivision of organ primordia into developmental compartments (Garcia-Bellido et al., 1973). First identified by their boundaries of cell-lineage restriction, compartments were later shown to arise via the expression ...
... 1992; van den Berg et al., 1995)). A keynote feature of animal development is the subdivision of organ primordia into developmental compartments (Garcia-Bellido et al., 1973). First identified by their boundaries of cell-lineage restriction, compartments were later shown to arise via the expression ...
The journey of developing hematopoietic stem cells
... appropriate signals from the environment where HSCs develop. In order to generate HSCs from ES cells, hematopoietic precursors have to go through the same developmental process as they do during embryogenesis. Thus, to learn how ‘stemness’ of HSCs can be established and maintained, it is crucial to ...
... appropriate signals from the environment where HSCs develop. In order to generate HSCs from ES cells, hematopoietic precursors have to go through the same developmental process as they do during embryogenesis. Thus, to learn how ‘stemness’ of HSCs can be established and maintained, it is crucial to ...
Plant physiology
... 2012). Most lipid droplets consist of a core of triglycerides (TAGs) and/or sterol esters coated by a phospholipids monolayer and embedded with proteins (Zweytick et al., 2000). Plants accumulate TAGs in different tissues, primarily in seeds but also in fruit, such as palm oil, flowers, and leaves. T ...
... 2012). Most lipid droplets consist of a core of triglycerides (TAGs) and/or sterol esters coated by a phospholipids monolayer and embedded with proteins (Zweytick et al., 2000). Plants accumulate TAGs in different tissues, primarily in seeds but also in fruit, such as palm oil, flowers, and leaves. T ...
Profilin regulates the activity of p42 , a novel Myb
... environment, p42POP and profilin are found in the same protein complex. In luciferase assays, p42POP acts as repressor and this activity is substantially reduced by profilins, indicating that profilin can regulate p42POP activity and is therefore involved in gene regulation. ...
... environment, p42POP and profilin are found in the same protein complex. In luciferase assays, p42POP acts as repressor and this activity is substantially reduced by profilins, indicating that profilin can regulate p42POP activity and is therefore involved in gene regulation. ...
5 | the integumentary system
... • Describe the role of keratinocytes and their life cycle • Describe the role of melanocytes in skin pigmentation Although you may not typically think of the skin as an organ, it is in fact made of tissues that work together as a single structure to perform unique and critical functions. The skin an ...
... • Describe the role of keratinocytes and their life cycle • Describe the role of melanocytes in skin pigmentation Although you may not typically think of the skin as an organ, it is in fact made of tissues that work together as a single structure to perform unique and critical functions. The skin an ...
The SR Protein SRp38 Represses Splicing in M Phase Cells
... of which approximately a dozen have been described in mammalian systems, are modular, containing one or two N-terminal RNP-type RNA binding domains (RBD) and a C-terminal region consisting largely of multiple Arg-Ser dipeptide repeats (RS domain). They play multiple roles in splicing and have the un ...
... of which approximately a dozen have been described in mammalian systems, are modular, containing one or two N-terminal RNP-type RNA binding domains (RBD) and a C-terminal region consisting largely of multiple Arg-Ser dipeptide repeats (RS domain). They play multiple roles in splicing and have the un ...
truChIP™ Tissue Chromatin Shearing Kit with SDS
... AFA™ technology allows for a non-contact, isothermal method of shearing chromatin without compromising the structural integrity of the epitopes of interest for use in ChIP-qPCR, ChIP-Chip, and ChIP-seq applications. Important: The reagents, consumables, and every step of the included protocol in thi ...
... AFA™ technology allows for a non-contact, isothermal method of shearing chromatin without compromising the structural integrity of the epitopes of interest for use in ChIP-qPCR, ChIP-Chip, and ChIP-seq applications. Important: The reagents, consumables, and every step of the included protocol in thi ...
Space to grow: interplay between growth and patterning in plant
... maxima. The second feedback loop consists in PIN1 reorientation in the presence of CUC2 and subsequent CUC2 inhibition by auxin. As a result, auxin maxima are spatially stabilized. As in leaf margin protrusions, petal initiation in intersepal zones requires auxin accumulation from two sources [8]•• ...
... maxima. The second feedback loop consists in PIN1 reorientation in the presence of CUC2 and subsequent CUC2 inhibition by auxin. As a result, auxin maxima are spatially stabilized. As in leaf margin protrusions, petal initiation in intersepal zones requires auxin accumulation from two sources [8]•• ...
Analysis of Connexin43 phosphorylated at S325, S328 and S330 in
... Connexin gene family, are crucially important in regulating embryonic development, coordinated contraction of excitable cells, tissue homeostasis, normal cell growth and differentiation (Saez et al., 2003; Sohl and Willecke, 2004). Furthermore, connexin mutations have been linked to several diseases ...
... Connexin gene family, are crucially important in regulating embryonic development, coordinated contraction of excitable cells, tissue homeostasis, normal cell growth and differentiation (Saez et al., 2003; Sohl and Willecke, 2004). Furthermore, connexin mutations have been linked to several diseases ...
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... disinfection of water with plants extracts (Sunda et al., 2008). Aqueous extract of Lantana camara, Cymbogon citratus and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis have shown a bactericidal effect in aquatic milieu (Sunda et al., 2008). The results obtained by Voss-Rech (2011) indicated that the vegetal extracts teste ...
... disinfection of water with plants extracts (Sunda et al., 2008). Aqueous extract of Lantana camara, Cymbogon citratus and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis have shown a bactericidal effect in aquatic milieu (Sunda et al., 2008). The results obtained by Voss-Rech (2011) indicated that the vegetal extracts teste ...
The 14-3-3 gene par-5 is required for germline development and
... in the mitotic entry at the first embryonic division (Brauchle et al., 2003). Through video recordings of the first embryonic division, we observed that par-5(RNAi) and par-5(it55) embryos rescued the HU-induced cell cycle delay (supplementary material Fig. S4). Therefore, par-5 is also required for ...
... in the mitotic entry at the first embryonic division (Brauchle et al., 2003). Through video recordings of the first embryonic division, we observed that par-5(RNAi) and par-5(it55) embryos rescued the HU-induced cell cycle delay (supplementary material Fig. S4). Therefore, par-5 is also required for ...
J., Schornack, S., Spallek, T., Geldner, N., Chory
... host membrane trafficking. However, studies addressing this connection are limited despite its potential importance in understanding disease and in particular in effector delivery via endocytic processes (Rafiqi et al., 2010; Stassen and Van den Ackerveken, 2011). Ultrastructural analysis revealed a ...
... host membrane trafficking. However, studies addressing this connection are limited despite its potential importance in understanding disease and in particular in effector delivery via endocytic processes (Rafiqi et al., 2010; Stassen and Van den Ackerveken, 2011). Ultrastructural analysis revealed a ...
Cotto J. Fox S. Morimoto R . HSF1 granules
... antibody was determined by western blot analysis of a collection of mouse HSF1 deletion mutants (Shi et al., 1995; Kline and Morimoto, 1997, see Fig. 1). The subcellular localization of the antigens recognized by each antibody was determined by indirect immunofluorescence. The specificity of each an ...
... antibody was determined by western blot analysis of a collection of mouse HSF1 deletion mutants (Shi et al., 1995; Kline and Morimoto, 1997, see Fig. 1). The subcellular localization of the antigens recognized by each antibody was determined by indirect immunofluorescence. The specificity of each an ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).