Role of CD26-adenosine deaminase interaction in T cell
... peptidases, an arrangement not common for typical serinetype proteases (trypsin or chymotrypsin-like enzymes) but characteristic of the α/β-hydrolase fold(1,2). The catalytic triad of CD26 is Ser630-Asp708-His740, but other amino acids are also essential for enzymatic activity, such as Glu205, Glu20 ...
... peptidases, an arrangement not common for typical serinetype proteases (trypsin or chymotrypsin-like enzymes) but characteristic of the α/β-hydrolase fold(1,2). The catalytic triad of CD26 is Ser630-Asp708-His740, but other amino acids are also essential for enzymatic activity, such as Glu205, Glu20 ...
Pollen cytoskeleton during germination and tube growth
... was further suggested by several pharmacological evidences47. No doubts remain that actin filaments and myosin are the protein systems that promote the movement of organelles and vesicles. Treatment of pollen tubes with cytochalasins induced several alterations in the tube structure and in the distr ...
... was further suggested by several pharmacological evidences47. No doubts remain that actin filaments and myosin are the protein systems that promote the movement of organelles and vesicles. Treatment of pollen tubes with cytochalasins induced several alterations in the tube structure and in the distr ...
The basic helix–loop–helix protein BETA2 interacts with p300 to
... very low levels alone or with coexpressed E47, a ubiquitous bHLH protein (Fig. 2A, columns 1,3). Cotransfecting increasing amounts of a p300 expression plasmid further potentiated BETA2-dependent transcription to >100-fold greater than the reporter alone. The failure of p300 to transactivate the rep ...
... very low levels alone or with coexpressed E47, a ubiquitous bHLH protein (Fig. 2A, columns 1,3). Cotransfecting increasing amounts of a p300 expression plasmid further potentiated BETA2-dependent transcription to >100-fold greater than the reporter alone. The failure of p300 to transactivate the rep ...
Characterization of Mg -regulated TRPM7
... or ATP-bound form) up-regulates the current carried by TRPM7 channels [2,8,15,16]. Data from different groups suggest that the altered function and/or regulation of TRPM7 channels could be implicated in pathological conditions such as anoxic cell death and ischaemia-reperfusion injury [5], arrhythmi ...
... or ATP-bound form) up-regulates the current carried by TRPM7 channels [2,8,15,16]. Data from different groups suggest that the altered function and/or regulation of TRPM7 channels could be implicated in pathological conditions such as anoxic cell death and ischaemia-reperfusion injury [5], arrhythmi ...
Plasma membrane HATPase regulation is required for auxin
... need to be transported in or out of a cell with a larger volume than a cell with a smaller volume. In addition, for the nearly cylindrical cells found in etiolated hypocotyls, the ratio of cell surface to cell volume decreases with increasing diameter. Considering that the cell surface is the interf ...
... need to be transported in or out of a cell with a larger volume than a cell with a smaller volume. In addition, for the nearly cylindrical cells found in etiolated hypocotyls, the ratio of cell surface to cell volume decreases with increasing diameter. Considering that the cell surface is the interf ...
Influence of intercellular tissue connections on airway muscle
... KH2PO4, and 11.5 glucose. The solution was bubbled throughout the experiment with 95% O2-5% CO2 to maintain a physiological pH. The cartilaginous rings were cut at both sides, and the trachea was pinned out in a dissecting dish. The muscle area was cleaned of epithelial and adventitial tissue. Under ...
... KH2PO4, and 11.5 glucose. The solution was bubbled throughout the experiment with 95% O2-5% CO2 to maintain a physiological pH. The cartilaginous rings were cut at both sides, and the trachea was pinned out in a dissecting dish. The muscle area was cleaned of epithelial and adventitial tissue. Under ...
- Nottingham ePrints
... between the epiblast and the extraembryonic ectoderm (ExE) of the developing mouse embryo. Importantly, however, it is unknown whether a similar crosstalk operates in species that lack a discernible ExE and develop a mammotypical embryonic disc (ED). Here we investigated the crosstalk between the ep ...
... between the epiblast and the extraembryonic ectoderm (ExE) of the developing mouse embryo. Importantly, however, it is unknown whether a similar crosstalk operates in species that lack a discernible ExE and develop a mammotypical embryonic disc (ED). Here we investigated the crosstalk between the ep ...
Plasma membrane microdomains from hybrid aspen cells are
... by flotation in sucrose gradients. The DRMs were enriched in sterols, sphingolipids and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins and thus exhibited similar properties as DRMs from other species. However, they contained key carbohydrate synthases involved in cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesi ...
... by flotation in sucrose gradients. The DRMs were enriched in sterols, sphingolipids and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins and thus exhibited similar properties as DRMs from other species. However, they contained key carbohydrate synthases involved in cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesi ...
COMPLEX FORMATION AND PROTEIN INTERACTION IN THE
... called terminal complexes, in cells of higher plants through freeze-fracture electron microscopy (Mueller et al. 1976). These terminal complexes were later identified as forming a hexameric “rosette” structure in the plasma membrane and named the Cellulose Synthesis Complex (CSC) (Mueller & Brown 19 ...
... called terminal complexes, in cells of higher plants through freeze-fracture electron microscopy (Mueller et al. 1976). These terminal complexes were later identified as forming a hexameric “rosette” structure in the plasma membrane and named the Cellulose Synthesis Complex (CSC) (Mueller & Brown 19 ...
Cytokinin–auxin crosstalk
... repressing both auxin signalling and transport, whereas auxin sustains root meristem activity by promoting cell division. The coordinated action of these two hormones is essential for maintaining root meristem size and for ensuring root growth. Cytokinin and auxin: master regulators of plant develop ...
... repressing both auxin signalling and transport, whereas auxin sustains root meristem activity by promoting cell division. The coordinated action of these two hormones is essential for maintaining root meristem size and for ensuring root growth. Cytokinin and auxin: master regulators of plant develop ...
Functions of the Cdc14-Family Phosphatase Clp1p in the Cell Cycle
... nuclear cycle regulators and the cytokinesis regulators. The nuclear cycle regulators should be able to delay cytokinesis when chromosome segregation is delayed and the progression of the nuclear cycle regulators should react to delays in cytokinesis and stop mitotic entry to prevent polyploidy. A l ...
... nuclear cycle regulators and the cytokinesis regulators. The nuclear cycle regulators should be able to delay cytokinesis when chromosome segregation is delayed and the progression of the nuclear cycle regulators should react to delays in cytokinesis and stop mitotic entry to prevent polyploidy. A l ...
A Unique Role for Kv3 Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels in
... Identification of these channels is timely, because genetic manipulations can now be used to study their role in starburst cell signaling. As the most diverse group of ion channels, potassium channels play key roles in modulating the electrical properties of neurons. We therefore investigated the sp ...
... Identification of these channels is timely, because genetic manipulations can now be used to study their role in starburst cell signaling. As the most diverse group of ion channels, potassium channels play key roles in modulating the electrical properties of neurons. We therefore investigated the sp ...
Understanding the role of growth factors in embryonic development
... While it is clear that FGF receptor signalling is essential for normal lens development and the differentiation of lens fibre cells, the exact nature of this signalling is only now being elucidated. In an attempt to better understand the mechanism(s) underlying the differential responsiveness of len ...
... While it is clear that FGF receptor signalling is essential for normal lens development and the differentiation of lens fibre cells, the exact nature of this signalling is only now being elucidated. In an attempt to better understand the mechanism(s) underlying the differential responsiveness of len ...
Chara Myosin and the Energy of Cytoplasmic Streaming
... ATP decreased in a linear manner to zero in 400 s. This means that the affinity of Chara myosin for ATP is very high and the resultant ADP up to 4 mM does not affect the ATPase activity of Chara myosin. Since cytoplasmic streaming does not stop even at night, it can be said either that the amount of ...
... ATP decreased in a linear manner to zero in 400 s. This means that the affinity of Chara myosin for ATP is very high and the resultant ADP up to 4 mM does not affect the ATPase activity of Chara myosin. Since cytoplasmic streaming does not stop even at night, it can be said either that the amount of ...
Regulation of Chlamydomonas flagella and ependymal cell motile
... scribed, but it is not clear whether it has the same function for the plasma membrane, little is known about the role of lipids in this flagella regulation as HDAC6 for cilia in animals (Maruta et al., regulation of ciliogenesis and cilium function. 1986). It is likely that ceramide interacts with a ...
... scribed, but it is not clear whether it has the same function for the plasma membrane, little is known about the role of lipids in this flagella regulation as HDAC6 for cilia in animals (Maruta et al., regulation of ciliogenesis and cilium function. 1986). It is likely that ceramide interacts with a ...
A Cellular Hypothesis for the Induction of Blossom
... Background The incidence of blossom-end rot (BER) is generally associated with a calcium (Ca) deficiency in the distal portion of tomato fruits. The visible symptom is a necrotic lesion, which is presumed to be a consequence of cell death and the subsequent leakage of solutes into the extracellula ...
... Background The incidence of blossom-end rot (BER) is generally associated with a calcium (Ca) deficiency in the distal portion of tomato fruits. The visible symptom is a necrotic lesion, which is presumed to be a consequence of cell death and the subsequent leakage of solutes into the extracellula ...
FKBP12-rapamycin-associated protein associates
... article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. ...
... article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. ...
Redistribution of membrane proteins between the Golgi apparatus
... and movement of the ER network (Boevink et al., 1998; Liebe and Quader, 1994; Quader, 1990). Application of ¯uorescent protein technology has started to revolutionise plant cell biology and the study of the secretory pathway is no exception. It is now possible to observe in vivo the dynamic events o ...
... and movement of the ER network (Boevink et al., 1998; Liebe and Quader, 1994; Quader, 1990). Application of ¯uorescent protein technology has started to revolutionise plant cell biology and the study of the secretory pathway is no exception. It is now possible to observe in vivo the dynamic events o ...
Transcriptional Control of Endothelial Cell Development
... The vascular system is essential for embryonic development and adult life, and aberrant vascularization is associated with numerous diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, retinopathy, and stroke. Vasculogenesis, the de novo formation of endothelial cells from mesodermal precursors, occurs prio ...
... The vascular system is essential for embryonic development and adult life, and aberrant vascularization is associated with numerous diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, retinopathy, and stroke. Vasculogenesis, the de novo formation of endothelial cells from mesodermal precursors, occurs prio ...
O-GlcNAc transferase inhibitors: current tools and
... Other compounds that have been constructed to target OGT directly can be classified into two categories: small molecule and bisubstrate inhibitors. The first group mimics and competes with the donor substrate and includes UDP, alloxan, compound 4, BZX and OSMI-1. However, most of these are likely to ...
... Other compounds that have been constructed to target OGT directly can be classified into two categories: small molecule and bisubstrate inhibitors. The first group mimics and competes with the donor substrate and includes UDP, alloxan, compound 4, BZX and OSMI-1. However, most of these are likely to ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).