A What Is the Right Price for Carbon Emissions?
... Given those incentives, it is highly likely, but not certain, that unknown technologies can be developed to reduce the climate problem significantly. Is the appropriate price still in the conventional range of $20 to $25 per metric ton of carbon dioxide, or does the potential for catastrophe make it ...
... Given those incentives, it is highly likely, but not certain, that unknown technologies can be developed to reduce the climate problem significantly. Is the appropriate price still in the conventional range of $20 to $25 per metric ton of carbon dioxide, or does the potential for catastrophe make it ...
The legacy of the Kyoto Protocol: a view from
... emission intensity of energy supply, energy use, transport, buildings, industrial processes, agriculture, and forestry. These policies were introduced partly to achieve KP emission reduction targets or develop CDM projects, partly because of other economic reasons.10–12 Financial support to developi ...
... emission intensity of energy supply, energy use, transport, buildings, industrial processes, agriculture, and forestry. These policies were introduced partly to achieve KP emission reduction targets or develop CDM projects, partly because of other economic reasons.10–12 Financial support to developi ...
Tracing anthropogenic carbon dioxide and methane emissions to
... carbon dioxide and other GHG emissions (Matthews et al. 2009; Zickfeld et al. 2010). While atmospheric concentrations of CO2 can be lowered in several ways, it is generally agreed that to avoid further dangerous anthropogenic interference in the climate system, net future emissions must be reduced f ...
... carbon dioxide and other GHG emissions (Matthews et al. 2009; Zickfeld et al. 2010). While atmospheric concentrations of CO2 can be lowered in several ways, it is generally agreed that to avoid further dangerous anthropogenic interference in the climate system, net future emissions must be reduced f ...
Tracing anthropogenic carbon dioxide and methane emissions to
... carbon dioxide and other GHG emissions (Matthews et al. 2009; Zickfeld et al. 2010). While atmospheric concentrations of CO2 can be lowered in several ways, it is generally agreed that to avoid further dangerous anthropogenic interference in the climate system, net future emissions must be reduced f ...
... carbon dioxide and other GHG emissions (Matthews et al. 2009; Zickfeld et al. 2010). While atmospheric concentrations of CO2 can be lowered in several ways, it is generally agreed that to avoid further dangerous anthropogenic interference in the climate system, net future emissions must be reduced f ...
Chapter 2: Framework for analysis - Australia`s Low Pollution Future
... the emission price or reduce emissions by changing practices or consumption mixes. It also stimulates innovation to find new ways to do things without emissions. Other policy options are available to reduce emissions, such as more command and control style regulations, that prescribe technology stan ...
... the emission price or reduce emissions by changing practices or consumption mixes. It also stimulates innovation to find new ways to do things without emissions. Other policy options are available to reduce emissions, such as more command and control style regulations, that prescribe technology stan ...
i3460e01
... changes in the economic and policy contexts, and in the natural environment upon which production depends. At the same time, it has to improve its environmental performance and mitigate its impact on climate. The pig sector is the biggest contributor to global meat production, with 37 percent in 201 ...
... changes in the economic and policy contexts, and in the natural environment upon which production depends. At the same time, it has to improve its environmental performance and mitigate its impact on climate. The pig sector is the biggest contributor to global meat production, with 37 percent in 201 ...
29 Curbing carbon without curbing development
... through a mixture of regulatory measures, the promotion of energy efficiency, a panEuropean cap-and-trade scheme and national carbon taxes. This has several weaknesses. First, its implications for individual action by firms and households are highly unspecific. Carbon emissions could potentially be ...
... through a mixture of regulatory measures, the promotion of energy efficiency, a panEuropean cap-and-trade scheme and national carbon taxes. This has several weaknesses. First, its implications for individual action by firms and households are highly unspecific. Carbon emissions could potentially be ...
Carbon footprinting on farms
... Some calculators may report results in ‘carbon equivalents’ (CE). This is still calculated based on GWP but the result is converted to carbon only. To convert CE to CO2e you multiply CE by 12/44 (or 3.67) [3]. ...
... Some calculators may report results in ‘carbon equivalents’ (CE). This is still calculated based on GWP but the result is converted to carbon only. To convert CE to CO2e you multiply CE by 12/44 (or 3.67) [3]. ...
Tracking Greenhouse Gas Emissions on College Campuses in the U.S.
... outweigh these challenges. ACUPCC signatories are required to take the following actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve climate neutrality (AASHE, 2007): (1) create institutional structures to guide the implementation of a climate action plan (such as an office of sustainability) wit ...
... outweigh these challenges. ACUPCC signatories are required to take the following actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve climate neutrality (AASHE, 2007): (1) create institutional structures to guide the implementation of a climate action plan (such as an office of sustainability) wit ...
Synthesis and Review: Advancing agricultural greenhouse gas quantification
... National statistics are not consistent or compiled regularly and the last global emissions assessment was almost ten years ago (Tubiello et al 2013). FAO’s new global GHG database provides a time series of country-level statistics from 1961 to present for agriculture, and 1990–2010 for land use chan ...
... National statistics are not consistent or compiled regularly and the last global emissions assessment was almost ten years ago (Tubiello et al 2013). FAO’s new global GHG database provides a time series of country-level statistics from 1961 to present for agriculture, and 1990–2010 for land use chan ...
Consultancy for Development of Nationally Appropriate mitigation
... Natural Resources and Environmental Protection (MLNREP) with technical and financial support from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the European Union (EU). The project is aimed at accelerating the implementation of climate change mitigation actions in line with the SNDP and other ...
... Natural Resources and Environmental Protection (MLNREP) with technical and financial support from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the European Union (EU). The project is aimed at accelerating the implementation of climate change mitigation actions in line with the SNDP and other ...
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
... The regional initiative would set up a market-driven system to control emissions of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, from more than 600 electric generators in the nine states. Environmentalists who support a federal law to control greenhouse gases believe that the model established by the No ...
... The regional initiative would set up a market-driven system to control emissions of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, from more than 600 electric generators in the nine states. Environmentalists who support a federal law to control greenhouse gases believe that the model established by the No ...
Ruddell et al. 2006
... is reflected in the World Bank’s 2006 Report with LULUCF projects accounting for only 1 percent of the 2005 traded volumes (Capoor and Amborsi, 2006). 4. The United States Context The U.S., citing concerns that the Kyoto Protocol was not balanced, did not set realistic goals, and did not include dev ...
... is reflected in the World Bank’s 2006 Report with LULUCF projects accounting for only 1 percent of the 2005 traded volumes (Capoor and Amborsi, 2006). 4. The United States Context The U.S., citing concerns that the Kyoto Protocol was not balanced, did not set realistic goals, and did not include dev ...
Finland is implementing the Kyoto Protocol
... Finland ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1994 and the Kyoto Protocol in 2002 together with other EU countries. According to the burden-sharing agreement between EU Member States, Finland is committed under the Kyoto Protocol to bringing national average ...
... Finland ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1994 and the Kyoto Protocol in 2002 together with other EU countries. According to the burden-sharing agreement between EU Member States, Finland is committed under the Kyoto Protocol to bringing national average ...
PDF
... Annex B: Since the ➔Kyoto Protocol is a separate legal instrument and must be ratified separately, a new list of countries taking on legally binding commitments along with a listing of their actual commitments was created. Annex B consists of all of those countries listed in ➔Annex I of the ➔UNFCCC ...
... Annex B: Since the ➔Kyoto Protocol is a separate legal instrument and must be ratified separately, a new list of countries taking on legally binding commitments along with a listing of their actual commitments was created. Annex B consists of all of those countries listed in ➔Annex I of the ➔UNFCCC ...
The Past and Future of Climate
... Nobuo Tanaka, executive director of the International Energy agency has said that by 2030, to meet international emissions targets, a carbon price of $225 a tonne would be required. That’s 22 times higher than what Kevin Rudd is starting the carbon price at. ...
... Nobuo Tanaka, executive director of the International Energy agency has said that by 2030, to meet international emissions targets, a carbon price of $225 a tonne would be required. That’s 22 times higher than what Kevin Rudd is starting the carbon price at. ...
... corporations to adopt appropriate alternative transportation methods (Hoffman, 2006; Washington, et al., 2008). However, in literature, there is no documented research on determining CO2 emissions produced from transportation by an organization or a corporation, and on how to reduce CO2 emissions th ...
Manitoba Perspectives on Emissions Trading
... • A relatively small number of Canadian ghg emitters will be required to account for their emissions and meet reduction targets by holding emission quota or permits or credits that match their emissions. • Others that can produce emission reductions or sink enhancements can sell such reduction credi ...
... • A relatively small number of Canadian ghg emitters will be required to account for their emissions and meet reduction targets by holding emission quota or permits or credits that match their emissions. • Others that can produce emission reductions or sink enhancements can sell such reduction credi ...
The Researches on China
... Carbon finance, as a carrier of the innovative financial system, will have a wide and profound impact on the global economy and financial patterns after the financial crisis. A new pattern of carbon emissions has brought unprecedented opportunities as well as challenges. Therefore, it is vital for C ...
... Carbon finance, as a carrier of the innovative financial system, will have a wide and profound impact on the global economy and financial patterns after the financial crisis. A new pattern of carbon emissions has brought unprecedented opportunities as well as challenges. Therefore, it is vital for C ...
The gains from trade
... Mexico and other middle-income countries will face four impacts from the ongoing efforts to address the problem of Global Climate Change: ...
... Mexico and other middle-income countries will face four impacts from the ongoing efforts to address the problem of Global Climate Change: ...
GlobalCarbonBudget
... If emissions continue to grow as projected to 2019 and then continue at the 2019 rate, the remaining budget would be used up about 22 years from 2019 Source: Friedlingstein et al 2014 ...
... If emissions continue to grow as projected to 2019 and then continue at the 2019 rate, the remaining budget would be used up about 22 years from 2019 Source: Friedlingstein et al 2014 ...
PPTX - Global Carbon Project
... If emissions continue to grow as projected to 2019 and then continue at the 2019 rate, the remaining budget would be used up about 22 years from 2019 Source: Friedlingstein et al 2014 ...
... If emissions continue to grow as projected to 2019 and then continue at the 2019 rate, the remaining budget would be used up about 22 years from 2019 Source: Friedlingstein et al 2014 ...
Reducing Resource Consumption - Gesellschaft für wirtschaftliche
... separate and independent. It formulates distinct programmes for CO2, dust, NOx, sulphur etc., and other emissions into air, water and soil. Many of these programmes have been successful in their own terms (for example, emissions of SO2 have fallen by a factor of 10 in many European countries since a ...
... separate and independent. It formulates distinct programmes for CO2, dust, NOx, sulphur etc., and other emissions into air, water and soil. Many of these programmes have been successful in their own terms (for example, emissions of SO2 have fallen by a factor of 10 in many European countries since a ...
Excel exercise #1
... seasons and ice melting have become more evident in recent years. Long term effects of global warming such as the sea level rise, increase of storms and droughts, among others, will radically change the living conditions on Earth that can be devastating for the survival of several species and have a ...
... seasons and ice melting have become more evident in recent years. Long term effects of global warming such as the sea level rise, increase of storms and droughts, among others, will radically change the living conditions on Earth that can be devastating for the survival of several species and have a ...
promoting the goal of sustainable development
... environmental reporting? • Post Climate Change Act, and UK annual carbon budget will the emerging mix of standards, policy, guidance and regulation lead to the required reductions in GHG emissions? • If there are any ‘gaps’ in the developing UK package of GHG reduction measures, what are they and ho ...
... environmental reporting? • Post Climate Change Act, and UK annual carbon budget will the emerging mix of standards, policy, guidance and regulation lead to the required reductions in GHG emissions? • If there are any ‘gaps’ in the developing UK package of GHG reduction measures, what are they and ho ...
Emissions trading
Emissions trading or cap and trade (""cap"" meaning a legal limit on the quantity of a certain type of chemical an economy can emit each year) is a market-based approach used to control pollution by providing economic incentives for achieving reductions in the emissions of pollutants. Various countries, groups of companies, and states have adopted emission trading systems as one of the strategies for mitigating climate-change by addressing international greenhouse-gas emission.A central authority (usually a governmental body) sets a limit or cap on the amount of a pollutant that may be emitted. The limit or cap is allocated and/or sold by the central authority to firms in the form of emissions permits which represent the right to emit or discharge a specific volume of the specified pollutant. Permits (and possibly also derivatives of permits) can then be traded on secondary markets. For example, the EU ETS trades primarily in European Union Allowances (EUAs), the Californian scheme in California Carbon Allowances, the New Zealand scheme in New Zealand Units and the Australian scheme in Australian Units. Firms are required to hold a number of permits (or allowances or carbon credits) equivalent to their emissions. The total number of permits cannot exceed the cap, limiting total emissions to that level. Firms that need to increase their volume of emissions must buy permits from those who require fewer permits.The transfer of permits is referred to as a ""trade"". In effect, the buyer is paying a charge for polluting, while the seller gains a reward for having reduced emissions. Thus, in theory, those who can reduce emissions most cheaply will do so, achieving the pollution reduction at the lowest cost to society.There are active trading programs in several air pollutants. For greenhouse gases the largest is the European Union Emission Trading Scheme, whose purpose is to avoid dangerous climate change. Cap and trade provides the private sector with the flexibility required to reduce emissions while stimulating technological innovation and economic growth. The United States has a national market to reduce acid rain and several regional markets in nitrogen oxides.