How Environmental Pollution from Fossil Fuels can be included in
... compiled by Fouquet (2011). This comparison gives new insights on how to include the local and global effects of fossil fuel use into the national accounts. ...
... compiled by Fouquet (2011). This comparison gives new insights on how to include the local and global effects of fossil fuel use into the national accounts. ...
PDF
... Although climate change is recognised as an important issue throughout the world, in most developing countries it is not considered an immediate priority for policy action. Economic, social development and poverty alleviation goals are more likely to take precedence in most developing countries in t ...
... Although climate change is recognised as an important issue throughout the world, in most developing countries it is not considered an immediate priority for policy action. Economic, social development and poverty alleviation goals are more likely to take precedence in most developing countries in t ...
DOC - Europa.eu
... 11. How will airlines contribute to emissions reduction and where will the revenues from aviation be used? The aviation sector is fast growing and emissions from the sector are predicted to grow in the future. Now that aviation is a part of EU ETS, even in the case emissions from the sector continu ...
... 11. How will airlines contribute to emissions reduction and where will the revenues from aviation be used? The aviation sector is fast growing and emissions from the sector are predicted to grow in the future. Now that aviation is a part of EU ETS, even in the case emissions from the sector continu ...
PDF
... would provide certainty about the marginal cost of compliance, which reduces uncertainty about returns to investment decisions, but would leave uncertain economy‐wide emission levels. The government could apply the carbon tax at a variety of points in the product cycle of fossil fue ...
... would provide certainty about the marginal cost of compliance, which reduces uncertainty about returns to investment decisions, but would leave uncertain economy‐wide emission levels. The government could apply the carbon tax at a variety of points in the product cycle of fossil fue ...
Carbon and nitrogen cycles in agroecosystems in response to
... – Extra N is released to the atmosphere and deposited to the earth: N deposition. – Extra N as the form of N2O is emitted to the atmosphere as a potent greenhouse gas. – Extra N is transferred to the water: eutrophication ...
... – Extra N is released to the atmosphere and deposited to the earth: N deposition. – Extra N as the form of N2O is emitted to the atmosphere as a potent greenhouse gas. – Extra N is transferred to the water: eutrophication ...
Two degrees of separation: ambition and reality
... (AR5) has reinforced the message that, without the rapid decoupling of GDP and emissions, climate change will present widespread threats to business and society. AR5 sets out four carbon budgets that correspond to different degrees of warming by the end of the 21st century. The current consensus tar ...
... (AR5) has reinforced the message that, without the rapid decoupling of GDP and emissions, climate change will present widespread threats to business and society. AR5 sets out four carbon budgets that correspond to different degrees of warming by the end of the 21st century. The current consensus tar ...
Two degrees of separation: ambition and reality
... (AR5) has reinforced the message that, without the rapid decoupling of GDP and emissions, climate change will present widespread threats to business and society. AR5 sets out four carbon budgets that correspond to different degrees of warming by the end of the 21st century. The current consensus tar ...
... (AR5) has reinforced the message that, without the rapid decoupling of GDP and emissions, climate change will present widespread threats to business and society. AR5 sets out four carbon budgets that correspond to different degrees of warming by the end of the 21st century. The current consensus tar ...
PDF
... of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, generating "carbon credits" that will be retained by Reliant. The Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX): A fledgling trading operation is emerging that is based on a voluntary association of a number of emitters and offset suppliers. The CCX has set up guidelines for ...
... of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, generating "carbon credits" that will be retained by Reliant. The Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX): A fledgling trading operation is emerging that is based on a voluntary association of a number of emitters and offset suppliers. The CCX has set up guidelines for ...
Greenhouse Gas Removal
... Climate Feedbacks Climate feedbacks are defined in POSTnote 454. For example, high polar temperatures could thaw the Arctic permafrost and release more GHGs than GGR could offset, leading to further warming.51,62 There are concerns amongst scientists that a strategy of overshooting the carbon budget ...
... Climate Feedbacks Climate feedbacks are defined in POSTnote 454. For example, high polar temperatures could thaw the Arctic permafrost and release more GHGs than GGR could offset, leading to further warming.51,62 There are concerns amongst scientists that a strategy of overshooting the carbon budget ...
Pathway
... Pilot Emission Removals, Reductions & Learnings (PERRL) Air Pollution Prevention Directorate, Environment Canada www.ec.gc.ca/PERRL Green Power Initiative TEAM projects ...
... Pilot Emission Removals, Reductions & Learnings (PERRL) Air Pollution Prevention Directorate, Environment Canada www.ec.gc.ca/PERRL Green Power Initiative TEAM projects ...
here - Environmental Law Australia
... consideration to greenhouse emissions from the mines. The delegate said he concluded that, when judged against the scale of past, present and future global emissions, the greenhouse emissions from the mines would not be measurable or identifiable and, therefore, would not be likely to cause a signif ...
... consideration to greenhouse emissions from the mines. The delegate said he concluded that, when judged against the scale of past, present and future global emissions, the greenhouse emissions from the mines would not be measurable or identifiable and, therefore, would not be likely to cause a signif ...
PDF
... commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. In particular, with a Computable General Equilibrium framework, the ICES model, it is inferred how forest carbon sequestration fits within the European domestic portfolio of a 2020-20 and 2020-30 climate stabilization policy. Afforestation and land use are ac ...
... commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. In particular, with a Computable General Equilibrium framework, the ICES model, it is inferred how forest carbon sequestration fits within the European domestic portfolio of a 2020-20 and 2020-30 climate stabilization policy. Afforestation and land use are ac ...
Harvard Project on International Climate Agreements
... thinkers on this issue from around the world. The workshop highlighted six potential policy frameworks – each an idea that could form the backbone of a new international agreement. Book: These six policy frameworks published in a book – Architectures for Agreement: Addressing Global Climate Change i ...
... thinkers on this issue from around the world. The workshop highlighted six potential policy frameworks – each an idea that could form the backbone of a new international agreement. Book: These six policy frameworks published in a book – Architectures for Agreement: Addressing Global Climate Change i ...
Cap and Trade or a Carbon Tax? How to Reduce CO Emissions
... A continuation of current trends will lead to a tripling of CO 2 by the end of the century, with a 50% chance of exceeding a rise of 5 degrees Centigrade. To get a sense of scale, this is the same increase as from the last ice age to the present (Arrow, 2008, p. 16). While not all the direct effects ...
... A continuation of current trends will lead to a tripling of CO 2 by the end of the century, with a 50% chance of exceeding a rise of 5 degrees Centigrade. To get a sense of scale, this is the same increase as from the last ice age to the present (Arrow, 2008, p. 16). While not all the direct effects ...
Role of CDM in the UK - Capacity Development for the CDM
... • The UK Kyoto target is 12.5% reduction in GHGs (20% domestic CO2 reduction target) • To achieve this, the Government has in place a Climate Change Programme • Responsibility for meeting the target partly resides with UK companies • The Government expects to meet its Kyoto target without the need f ...
... • The UK Kyoto target is 12.5% reduction in GHGs (20% domestic CO2 reduction target) • To achieve this, the Government has in place a Climate Change Programme • Responsibility for meeting the target partly resides with UK companies • The Government expects to meet its Kyoto target without the need f ...
Letter to Lamar Smith 18 December 2015 (opens in new window)
... per cent reduction in emissions by 2030 and “estimate GDP loss is equivalent to reducing EU’s GDP by 1.6% in 2030 – or €287 billion ($305 billion) in 2010euros”. However, this claim is contradicted by the paper, which states: “Nearly all the models can achieve the long-term target of reducing GHG em ...
... per cent reduction in emissions by 2030 and “estimate GDP loss is equivalent to reducing EU’s GDP by 1.6% in 2030 – or €287 billion ($305 billion) in 2010euros”. However, this claim is contradicted by the paper, which states: “Nearly all the models can achieve the long-term target of reducing GHG em ...
LCC/2014/0101Roseacre Wood, Roseacre and Wharles, Fylde
... come from burning the gas in the flare (73%). The total project GHG emissions could be between 118,418 (lower range) to 124,397 (higher range) tCOe (tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent). Both direct and indirect GHG emissions have been assessed. Direct emissions are GHGs emitted directly by activities ...
... come from burning the gas in the flare (73%). The total project GHG emissions could be between 118,418 (lower range) to 124,397 (higher range) tCOe (tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent). Both direct and indirect GHG emissions have been assessed. Direct emissions are GHGs emitted directly by activities ...
A Short History of Climate Change Policy in Australia
... Response Strategy (NGRS)4. The NGRS relied on voluntary measures and 'no regrets' strategies, namely: measures that have net benefits (or no net cost). Also in December 1992, the Federal Parliament’s Standing Committee on Industry, Science and Technology released its report Gas and El ...
... Response Strategy (NGRS)4. The NGRS relied on voluntary measures and 'no regrets' strategies, namely: measures that have net benefits (or no net cost). Also in December 1992, the Federal Parliament’s Standing Committee on Industry, Science and Technology released its report Gas and El ...
Climate Disclosure Standards Board guidance on UK mandatory GHG emissions reporting
... Most of the disclosure requirements listed in points 1 – 11 above are shared by the Companies Act amendments and new provisions, by the CDSB Framework and the CDP questionnaire. In some cases, such as ‘governance’ and ‘future prospects and past performance’ requirements under ‘1. Strategy, review of ...
... Most of the disclosure requirements listed in points 1 – 11 above are shared by the Companies Act amendments and new provisions, by the CDSB Framework and the CDP questionnaire. In some cases, such as ‘governance’ and ‘future prospects and past performance’ requirements under ‘1. Strategy, review of ...
UNEP Topic A: New Perspectives on the Kyoto Protocol FEMUN V III
... limitations and actions of each of the parties involved. Delegates the main objective of this Conference is for you to produce a decision or a declaration regarding the future status of the Kyoto Protocol; including guidelines for possible amendments or improvements in its different incumbent areas. ...
... limitations and actions of each of the parties involved. Delegates the main objective of this Conference is for you to produce a decision or a declaration regarding the future status of the Kyoto Protocol; including guidelines for possible amendments or improvements in its different incumbent areas. ...
Phase 2 - Accessible Version
... new direction, one marked by a lower carbon future. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the large and growing economies in Asia such as China and India. British Columbia is perfectly positioned to continue to be at the forefront of this movement. We can strengthen B.C.'s economy and create jobs by ...
... new direction, one marked by a lower carbon future. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the large and growing economies in Asia such as China and India. British Columbia is perfectly positioned to continue to be at the forefront of this movement. We can strengthen B.C.'s economy and create jobs by ...
carbon geography: the political economy of congressional support
... standard demographic information such as a Congressional district’s per-capita income, educational attainment, and racial composition. Our data on how each Congressional representative and senator voted on a specific piece of legislation is based on the Voteview data set created by Keith Poole and J ...
... standard demographic information such as a Congressional district’s per-capita income, educational attainment, and racial composition. Our data on how each Congressional representative and senator voted on a specific piece of legislation is based on the Voteview data set created by Keith Poole and J ...
LCC/2014/0101Roseacre Wood , Roseacre and Wharles, Fylde
... associated with the project, and whether or not they are direct or indirect, is included in Table 8.2 of the ES. The average volume of direct emissions is 114,009 tCO2e. The average volume of indirect emissions is 7,401 tCO2e. The project’s carbon footprint is 118,419 to 124,369 tCOe. This is made u ...
... associated with the project, and whether or not they are direct or indirect, is included in Table 8.2 of the ES. The average volume of direct emissions is 114,009 tCO2e. The average volume of indirect emissions is 7,401 tCO2e. The project’s carbon footprint is 118,419 to 124,369 tCOe. This is made u ...
Calculating the Environmental Impact of Aviation
... climate change mechanism” and is measured in units of Watts per square metre (W/m2). The ‘climate change mechanism’ is typically the emission of a greenhouse gas (e.g. CO2 from human activity), or a collection of different gases (e.g. all greenhouse gases from the agricultural sector). Radiative for ...
... climate change mechanism” and is measured in units of Watts per square metre (W/m2). The ‘climate change mechanism’ is typically the emission of a greenhouse gas (e.g. CO2 from human activity), or a collection of different gases (e.g. all greenhouse gases from the agricultural sector). Radiative for ...
IATA CO2 Calculator Guidelines
... evidence to suggest that non-CO2 aircraft emissions at high altitude may have additional climate impacts. Research is ongoing to investigate the complex physical and chemical reactions that occur in the upper atmosphere. 2.2 What is carbon offsetting? Climate change is one of the biggest threats we ...
... evidence to suggest that non-CO2 aircraft emissions at high altitude may have additional climate impacts. Research is ongoing to investigate the complex physical and chemical reactions that occur in the upper atmosphere. 2.2 What is carbon offsetting? Climate change is one of the biggest threats we ...
Emissions trading
Emissions trading or cap and trade (""cap"" meaning a legal limit on the quantity of a certain type of chemical an economy can emit each year) is a market-based approach used to control pollution by providing economic incentives for achieving reductions in the emissions of pollutants. Various countries, groups of companies, and states have adopted emission trading systems as one of the strategies for mitigating climate-change by addressing international greenhouse-gas emission.A central authority (usually a governmental body) sets a limit or cap on the amount of a pollutant that may be emitted. The limit or cap is allocated and/or sold by the central authority to firms in the form of emissions permits which represent the right to emit or discharge a specific volume of the specified pollutant. Permits (and possibly also derivatives of permits) can then be traded on secondary markets. For example, the EU ETS trades primarily in European Union Allowances (EUAs), the Californian scheme in California Carbon Allowances, the New Zealand scheme in New Zealand Units and the Australian scheme in Australian Units. Firms are required to hold a number of permits (or allowances or carbon credits) equivalent to their emissions. The total number of permits cannot exceed the cap, limiting total emissions to that level. Firms that need to increase their volume of emissions must buy permits from those who require fewer permits.The transfer of permits is referred to as a ""trade"". In effect, the buyer is paying a charge for polluting, while the seller gains a reward for having reduced emissions. Thus, in theory, those who can reduce emissions most cheaply will do so, achieving the pollution reduction at the lowest cost to society.There are active trading programs in several air pollutants. For greenhouse gases the largest is the European Union Emission Trading Scheme, whose purpose is to avoid dangerous climate change. Cap and trade provides the private sector with the flexibility required to reduce emissions while stimulating technological innovation and economic growth. The United States has a national market to reduce acid rain and several regional markets in nitrogen oxides.