Expression of GFP-fusions in Arabidopsis companion cells reveals
... nuclei, ribosomes and vacuoles and possess only reduced numbers or specialized forms of most other cellular organelles (Behnke, 1989). Consequently, these cells depend during their entire lifespan on the continuous supply not only of energy, but also of macromolecules, such as enzymes, structural pr ...
... nuclei, ribosomes and vacuoles and possess only reduced numbers or specialized forms of most other cellular organelles (Behnke, 1989). Consequently, these cells depend during their entire lifespan on the continuous supply not only of energy, but also of macromolecules, such as enzymes, structural pr ...
MPN+, a putative catalytic motif found in a subset of MPN domain
... 1). These proteins are the shortest MPN protein identified so far and most likely correspond to the structural core region of the domain. Since the finding of prokaryotic MPN proteins was highly unexpected, the validity of the assignment was confirmed by profile searches starting from the bacterioph ...
... 1). These proteins are the shortest MPN protein identified so far and most likely correspond to the structural core region of the domain. Since the finding of prokaryotic MPN proteins was highly unexpected, the validity of the assignment was confirmed by profile searches starting from the bacterioph ...
Blood Vessel Patterning at the Embryonic Midline
... antibody (CoYn and Poole, 1988; Pardanaud et al., 1987). These studies in aggregate led to a model of blood vessel patterning in which an early primitive vascular plexus is first formed by either vasculogenesis or angiogenesis at the site of a future vessel or vessel bed, and it is then extensively ...
... antibody (CoYn and Poole, 1988; Pardanaud et al., 1987). These studies in aggregate led to a model of blood vessel patterning in which an early primitive vascular plexus is first formed by either vasculogenesis or angiogenesis at the site of a future vessel or vessel bed, and it is then extensively ...
GLABRA2 Directly Suppresses Basic Helix-Loop
... which has a constitutive transactivating function (Ohashi et al., 2003), in a glucocorticoidinducible gene expression system using the GVG transcription factor (Figure 1A). Triplicate microarray experiments using total RNA from seedlings harboring the GVG-inducible VP16-GL2ΔN gene detected 864 genes ...
... which has a constitutive transactivating function (Ohashi et al., 2003), in a glucocorticoidinducible gene expression system using the GVG transcription factor (Figure 1A). Triplicate microarray experiments using total RNA from seedlings harboring the GVG-inducible VP16-GL2ΔN gene detected 864 genes ...
Published version
... the post-translational enzymes necessary for hydroxylation of Pro (26). VCL does not have any intrinsic biological activity and has proved to be a successful platform for insertion of specific human collagen binding sequences, including GFPGER and other integrin binding motifs (22, 27–31). Six Gly-X ...
... the post-translational enzymes necessary for hydroxylation of Pro (26). VCL does not have any intrinsic biological activity and has proved to be a successful platform for insertion of specific human collagen binding sequences, including GFPGER and other integrin binding motifs (22, 27–31). Six Gly-X ...
Unit One: Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General
... a. Within seconds after insulin binds to its receptors, 80% of the cells increase their uptake of glucose (true of muscle and adipose cells but not the neurons of the brain) b. Cell membrane becomes more permeable to many amino acids, potassium ions, and phosphate ions, causing increased transport o ...
... a. Within seconds after insulin binds to its receptors, 80% of the cells increase their uptake of glucose (true of muscle and adipose cells but not the neurons of the brain) b. Cell membrane becomes more permeable to many amino acids, potassium ions, and phosphate ions, causing increased transport o ...
5 Molecular basis of type-2 diabetes
... Gab-1, three isoforms of Shc, p62dok and APS (adapter protein containing a PH and SH2 domain) [15]. Studies in knockout mice suggest that IRS proteins serve complementary, rather that redundant, roles in insulin signaling. IRS-1 knockout mice demonstrate defective action of insulin in peripheral tis ...
... Gab-1, three isoforms of Shc, p62dok and APS (adapter protein containing a PH and SH2 domain) [15]. Studies in knockout mice suggest that IRS proteins serve complementary, rather that redundant, roles in insulin signaling. IRS-1 knockout mice demonstrate defective action of insulin in peripheral tis ...
Quantitative Proteomics of Transporter Expression in Brain Capillary
... absence of Bcrp in the Bcrp1(⫺/⫺) mice did not significantly influence the brain distribution of drugs that were shown to be good Bcrp substrates in vitro (Kodaira et al., 2010; Agarwal et al., 2011b). These findings have led to several questions about the predictive validity of the transgenic mouse ...
... absence of Bcrp in the Bcrp1(⫺/⫺) mice did not significantly influence the brain distribution of drugs that were shown to be good Bcrp substrates in vitro (Kodaira et al., 2010; Agarwal et al., 2011b). These findings have led to several questions about the predictive validity of the transgenic mouse ...
regionally specific induction by the spemann
... organizers on the basis of their different inducing abilities. The various models that were historically put forward to explain regionally specific induction by these different organizers can be divided into two classes. Quantitative models proposed gradients of single inducers, such as the elusive ...
... organizers on the basis of their different inducing abilities. The various models that were historically put forward to explain regionally specific induction by these different organizers can be divided into two classes. Quantitative models proposed gradients of single inducers, such as the elusive ...
LPAproducing enzyme PAPLA1 regulates hair follicle development
... LPA exerts most of its functions through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) (Anliker and Chun, 2004; Moolenaar et al, 2004). So far, six LPA-specific GPCRs belonging to either the endothelial cell differentiation gene family (LPA1,2,3) or P2Y family (LPA4,5,6) have been identified (Anliker and Chun ...
... LPA exerts most of its functions through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) (Anliker and Chun, 2004; Moolenaar et al, 2004). So far, six LPA-specific GPCRs belonging to either the endothelial cell differentiation gene family (LPA1,2,3) or P2Y family (LPA4,5,6) have been identified (Anliker and Chun ...
Export To Word
... products, and the basic functions of aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration are identified. This Khan Academy video describes how energy is extracted from the Introduction to glucose molecule to make ATP. Each biochemical pathway involved in Cellular Respiration cellular respiration is discussed ...
... products, and the basic functions of aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration are identified. This Khan Academy video describes how energy is extracted from the Introduction to glucose molecule to make ATP. Each biochemical pathway involved in Cellular Respiration cellular respiration is discussed ...
Chloroplast structure: from chlorophyll granules to supra
... helices around the stacks. At each intersection, a narrow, neck-like membrane region connects the grana and stroma membrane domains. How this complex 3-D architecture of thylakoids is produced is still subject of debate. According to Brangeon and Mustardy (1979), the process starts with thylakoids t ...
... helices around the stacks. At each intersection, a narrow, neck-like membrane region connects the grana and stroma membrane domains. How this complex 3-D architecture of thylakoids is produced is still subject of debate. According to Brangeon and Mustardy (1979), the process starts with thylakoids t ...
Computational modelling of mitotic exit in budding yeast: the role of
... the ectopic induction of TEV and it is required for the downregulation of PP2ACdc55 phosphatase—an inhibitor of both FEAR and MEN [11]. A mathematical model with reduced number of components was developed previously for the budding yeast ME transition from metaphase (i.e. high Cdk1 activity) to G1 ( ...
... the ectopic induction of TEV and it is required for the downregulation of PP2ACdc55 phosphatase—an inhibitor of both FEAR and MEN [11]. A mathematical model with reduced number of components was developed previously for the budding yeast ME transition from metaphase (i.e. high Cdk1 activity) to G1 ( ...
Slides - Translational Neuromodeling Unit
... • The combined time constant is called T2*. • fMRI uses acquisition techniques (e.g. EPI) that are sensitive to changes in T2*. The general principle of MRI: – excite spins in static field by RF pulses & detect the emitted RF – use an acquisition technique that is sensitive to local differences in T ...
... • The combined time constant is called T2*. • fMRI uses acquisition techniques (e.g. EPI) that are sensitive to changes in T2*. The general principle of MRI: – excite spins in static field by RF pulses & detect the emitted RF – use an acquisition technique that is sensitive to local differences in T ...
Mietzsch U, McKenna J 3rd, Reith RM, Way SW, Gambello MJ. Comparative analysis of Tsc1 and Tsc2 single and double radial glial cell mutants. J Comp Neurol. 2013 Nov. 521(16):3817-31.
... to western blots run on PC-3 cell extracts, and this band is abolished when cells are treated with the PI3K antagonist wortmannin (manufacturer provided). Immunohistochemical analysis using this antibody shows positive signal in LNCaP cells, but it is greatly diminished in LY294002-treated cells (ma ...
... to western blots run on PC-3 cell extracts, and this band is abolished when cells are treated with the PI3K antagonist wortmannin (manufacturer provided). Immunohistochemical analysis using this antibody shows positive signal in LNCaP cells, but it is greatly diminished in LY294002-treated cells (ma ...
Investigating semantic similarity measures across the
... “granum”, (GO:0009542) becomes a kind of “cellular component”, (GO:0005575), rather than a kind of a “chloroplast component”), but this ontological sleight of hand made our semantic measurement possible. It is also unclear how we should address the different link types. Except where stated explicitl ...
... “granum”, (GO:0009542) becomes a kind of “cellular component”, (GO:0005575), rather than a kind of a “chloroplast component”), but this ontological sleight of hand made our semantic measurement possible. It is also unclear how we should address the different link types. Except where stated explicitl ...
The TSC1–TSC2 complex: a molecular switchboard controlling cell
... cell proliferation, survival and metabolism in specific settings (for focused reviews on the function of TOR proteins, see [27–30]). TOR proteins are found in two functionally distinct complexes that coexist in cells from yeast to humans [31] (Figure 1B). The best characterized of the two complexes ...
... cell proliferation, survival and metabolism in specific settings (for focused reviews on the function of TOR proteins, see [27–30]). TOR proteins are found in two functionally distinct complexes that coexist in cells from yeast to humans [31] (Figure 1B). The best characterized of the two complexes ...
S C T
... types of lipids are found in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, while lipidprotein assemblies containing glycosylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol are found only in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Facultative membrane proteins In some microorganisms intricate mechanisms have ...
... types of lipids are found in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, while lipidprotein assemblies containing glycosylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol are found only in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Facultative membrane proteins In some microorganisms intricate mechanisms have ...
Accumulation of xylem transported protein at pit membranes and
... cm diameter from well-watered trees in the Technion ecological garden were cut into water at dawn. In the laboratory they were re-cut under water. Both ends were repeatedly rinsed and blotted to remove contaminating debris. The basal end was then inserted into the test solution in a reservoir held i ...
... cm diameter from well-watered trees in the Technion ecological garden were cut into water at dawn. In the laboratory they were re-cut under water. Both ends were repeatedly rinsed and blotted to remove contaminating debris. The basal end was then inserted into the test solution in a reservoir held i ...
Modulating the cobalt redox potential through imidazole hydrogen
... the cofactor retains its intramolecularly coordinating Dmbz base (“base-on” form) during cofactor incorporation into the protein (e.g. class II ribonucleotide reductase or diol dehydratase) or (ii) the intramolecularly coordinating Dmbz base of the cofactor is replaced by a protein histidine (“His”) ...
... the cofactor retains its intramolecularly coordinating Dmbz base (“base-on” form) during cofactor incorporation into the protein (e.g. class II ribonucleotide reductase or diol dehydratase) or (ii) the intramolecularly coordinating Dmbz base of the cofactor is replaced by a protein histidine (“His”) ...
Developmental stage‐specific expression of Rbm suggests its
... (Tiepolo and Zuffardi, 1976). These frequently deleted loci in speci®c regions of the Y chromosome were designated as azoospermia factor (AZF) (Vergnaud et al., 1986; Andersson et al., 1988). It was proposed recently that homologous recombinations between Y-speci®c repeats called amplicons result in ...
... (Tiepolo and Zuffardi, 1976). These frequently deleted loci in speci®c regions of the Y chromosome were designated as azoospermia factor (AZF) (Vergnaud et al., 1986; Andersson et al., 1988). It was proposed recently that homologous recombinations between Y-speci®c repeats called amplicons result in ...
Involvement of the Sieve Element Cytoskeleton in
... and its spatial distribution in SEs have not been visually documented thus far. The existence of an SE cytoskeleton would raise questions regarding its task(s) in this highly specialized cell type. In other plant cells, the cytoskeleton was proposed to be engaged, among others, in ion channel operat ...
... and its spatial distribution in SEs have not been visually documented thus far. The existence of an SE cytoskeleton would raise questions regarding its task(s) in this highly specialized cell type. In other plant cells, the cytoskeleton was proposed to be engaged, among others, in ion channel operat ...
The preplacodal region - Kings College
... Dlx function Msx proteins repress placode formation (Phillips, et al., 2006). Thus, Dlx protein function is required for normal placode formation, but its activity in the border region opposes Msx1 function. Since their expression partially overlaps fine tuning of their function maybe achieved throu ...
... Dlx function Msx proteins repress placode formation (Phillips, et al., 2006). Thus, Dlx protein function is required for normal placode formation, but its activity in the border region opposes Msx1 function. Since their expression partially overlaps fine tuning of their function maybe achieved throu ...
Changes in Intracellular pH Associated with Glutamate Excitotoxicity
... However, other experiments have questioned the sole involvement of calcium, sinceneuronal death can occur without large deviations in [Ca*+], and high potassium or cyanide induced increasesin [Ca*+], do not produce toxicity (Michaels and Rothman, 1990; Dubinsky and Rothman, 1991). Intracellular acid ...
... However, other experiments have questioned the sole involvement of calcium, sinceneuronal death can occur without large deviations in [Ca*+], and high potassium or cyanide induced increasesin [Ca*+], do not produce toxicity (Michaels and Rothman, 1990; Dubinsky and Rothman, 1991). Intracellular acid ...
Pre-synaptic Terminal Dynamics in the Hippocampus
... The ability of the brain to change in response to everyday experience or upon learning and memory is called plasticity and has been the subject of thorough studies for centuries especially with respect to synaptic changes. Since this is the context where my thesis work can be best placed, I will sta ...
... The ability of the brain to change in response to everyday experience or upon learning and memory is called plasticity and has been the subject of thorough studies for centuries especially with respect to synaptic changes. Since this is the context where my thesis work can be best placed, I will sta ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.