Evidence That Ternary Complex (eIF2-GTP-tRNAi
... cells were washed in 2⫻ SSC and then incubated for 1 h in donkey anti-goat Cy antibody (1/200 dilution) and 0.5 g/ml Hoechst dye. Cells were washed and mounted, and specimens were viewed using ...
... cells were washed in 2⫻ SSC and then incubated for 1 h in donkey anti-goat Cy antibody (1/200 dilution) and 0.5 g/ml Hoechst dye. Cells were washed and mounted, and specimens were viewed using ...
The recovery and purification of fermentation products
... extraction and purification of products such as recombinant proteins and monoclonal antibodies can account for 80–90% of the total processing costs (Doran, 2013). The high (and sometimes dominant) cost of downstream processing will affect the overall objective in some fermentations. A useful overvie ...
... extraction and purification of products such as recombinant proteins and monoclonal antibodies can account for 80–90% of the total processing costs (Doran, 2013). The high (and sometimes dominant) cost of downstream processing will affect the overall objective in some fermentations. A useful overvie ...
Differential Effects of Rapamycin on Mammalian Target of
... G418 (Invitrogen). Clonogenic assays were performed by seeding equal num- HEK 293 cells was determined with a CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution Cell bers of HEK 293 cells into 60-mm dishes. The medium was replaced every 3rd Proliferation kit (Promega). FL5.12 proliferation assays were performed by d ...
... G418 (Invitrogen). Clonogenic assays were performed by seeding equal num- HEK 293 cells was determined with a CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution Cell bers of HEK 293 cells into 60-mm dishes. The medium was replaced every 3rd Proliferation kit (Promega). FL5.12 proliferation assays were performed by d ...
... These results imply that PID gain of function changes auxin concentrations in the root tip through the PIN proteins. Conceivably, PID could regulate either the expression of PIN proteins, the polarity of their subcellular localization, or their activity. Because an activity assay for PIN proteins is ...
Requirement of Heavy Neurofilament Subunit in the Development of
... in vivo, rodent NFs appear to be obligate heteropolymers since none of the rat or mouse NF subunits can form filaments when transfected individually into cells lacking an endogenous IF network (Ching and Liem, 1993; Lee et al., 1993). Similar conclusions have also been reached by expressing rat NFs ...
... in vivo, rodent NFs appear to be obligate heteropolymers since none of the rat or mouse NF subunits can form filaments when transfected individually into cells lacking an endogenous IF network (Ching and Liem, 1993; Lee et al., 1993). Similar conclusions have also been reached by expressing rat NFs ...
Plant Peroxisomes: Biogenesis and Function
... Instead, the ER appears to serve as a platform from which selected membrane components are derived and trafficked by an unknown carrier to preexisting peroxisomes, which undergo growth and division to produce new peroxisomes. Membrane Protein Trafficking from the ER to Peroxisomes The understanding of ...
... Instead, the ER appears to serve as a platform from which selected membrane components are derived and trafficked by an unknown carrier to preexisting peroxisomes, which undergo growth and division to produce new peroxisomes. Membrane Protein Trafficking from the ER to Peroxisomes The understanding of ...
Chemosensation in C. elegans
... 1975; Ware et al., 1975). Accordingly, a prominent class of sensory mutant in C. elegans is defective in cilium formation or in the connection between the sensory pore and the nerve endings. The cilium structure mutants have behavioral defects in chemosensation (Culotti and Russell, 1978; Lewis and ...
... 1975; Ware et al., 1975). Accordingly, a prominent class of sensory mutant in C. elegans is defective in cilium formation or in the connection between the sensory pore and the nerve endings. The cilium structure mutants have behavioral defects in chemosensation (Culotti and Russell, 1978; Lewis and ...
Isoprenoid metabolism: cholesterol and the others
... to mevalonate. The unusual thing about this step is that a carboxyl group (or, more specifically, a thioester group) is reduced all the way to hydroxyl—this is rarely seen in mammalian biochemistry. The reaction requires two molecules of nadph, which is produced e.g. in the pentose phosphate pathway ...
... to mevalonate. The unusual thing about this step is that a carboxyl group (or, more specifically, a thioester group) is reduced all the way to hydroxyl—this is rarely seen in mammalian biochemistry. The reaction requires two molecules of nadph, which is produced e.g. in the pentose phosphate pathway ...
HELICOBACTER PYLORI VacA, A PARADIGM FOR TOXIN
... bacteria synthesize and release protein toxins that act on, or ‘intoxicate’, target cells in the host. There are many different variations in the mechanisms by which individual bacterial protein toxins intoxicate eukaryotic cells, but several paradigms can be described. Toxins that mainly interact w ...
... bacteria synthesize and release protein toxins that act on, or ‘intoxicate’, target cells in the host. There are many different variations in the mechanisms by which individual bacterial protein toxins intoxicate eukaryotic cells, but several paradigms can be described. Toxins that mainly interact w ...
CHAPTER 15 - GLYCOGEN METABOLISM AND
... phosphorylase, glycogen synthase is inactivated by phosphorylation, thereby ensuring that breakdown and synthesis of glycogen are not simultaneously active. The same kinase is involved in the activation of breakdown and inhibition of synthesis, thereby coordinating the reciprocal regulation of break ...
... phosphorylase, glycogen synthase is inactivated by phosphorylation, thereby ensuring that breakdown and synthesis of glycogen are not simultaneously active. The same kinase is involved in the activation of breakdown and inhibition of synthesis, thereby coordinating the reciprocal regulation of break ...
Tamberg_BiolOpen2015 - Pitt Hopkins Research Foundation
... result in hypomorphic, non-functional or dominant-negative TCF4 alleles (Sepp et al., 2012). It is unclear whether mutations causing PTHS impair development of the nervous system or functioning of the adult central nervous system (CNS), or both. In addition to PTHS, TCF4 is associated with several o ...
... result in hypomorphic, non-functional or dominant-negative TCF4 alleles (Sepp et al., 2012). It is unclear whether mutations causing PTHS impair development of the nervous system or functioning of the adult central nervous system (CNS), or both. In addition to PTHS, TCF4 is associated with several o ...
Metabolic flux profiling of recombinant protein secreting Pichia
... Pichia pastoris is an attractive system for the production of recombinant proteins [1–4]. Moreover, the development of systems biotechnology tools specific for this cell factory [5–10] has opened new opportunities for strain improvement and rational design of culture conditions. Several studies ...
... Pichia pastoris is an attractive system for the production of recombinant proteins [1–4]. Moreover, the development of systems biotechnology tools specific for this cell factory [5–10] has opened new opportunities for strain improvement and rational design of culture conditions. Several studies ...
Full-Text PDF
... become Pfr and translocate into the nucleus, where phys regulate the transcription of a number of genes that mediate plant light responses [12,13]. Interestingly, phy proteins form granular structures called photobodies (originally called nuclear speckles) in the nucleus in response to light. Althou ...
... become Pfr and translocate into the nucleus, where phys regulate the transcription of a number of genes that mediate plant light responses [12,13]. Interestingly, phy proteins form granular structures called photobodies (originally called nuclear speckles) in the nucleus in response to light. Althou ...
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling Pathway
... inhibiting proliferation of vascular endothelial (3) and smooth muscle cells (4). Data from animal and in vitro studies suggest a protective role of genistein in the vasculature (5– 13). However, genistein has only a moderate positive effect (5, 14 –16) or a neutral effect (17–20) on plasma lipid pr ...
... inhibiting proliferation of vascular endothelial (3) and smooth muscle cells (4). Data from animal and in vitro studies suggest a protective role of genistein in the vasculature (5– 13). However, genistein has only a moderate positive effect (5, 14 –16) or a neutral effect (17–20) on plasma lipid pr ...
ppt - Bio 5068
... • A very common approach to asses the quality of NMR structures and to determine the relative difference between structures is to calculate an rmsd an rmsd is a measure of the distance separation between equivalent atoms ...
... • A very common approach to asses the quality of NMR structures and to determine the relative difference between structures is to calculate an rmsd an rmsd is a measure of the distance separation between equivalent atoms ...
Mechanistic insights into the regulation of metabolic enzymes by
... comparable to those by other major posttranslational modifica tions such as phosphorylation and ubiquitylation (Choudhary and Mann, 2010; Guan and Xiong, 2011). These acetylated proteins span a wide spectrum of protein classes, ranging from transcription factors to kinases, ubiquitin ligases, ribos ...
... comparable to those by other major posttranslational modifica tions such as phosphorylation and ubiquitylation (Choudhary and Mann, 2010; Guan and Xiong, 2011). These acetylated proteins span a wide spectrum of protein classes, ranging from transcription factors to kinases, ubiquitin ligases, ribos ...
Combating MultidrugResistant Bacteria: Current
... Genetic resistance arises in one of two ways, either as a result of a chromosomal mutation or, more commonly, through the acquisition of an antibiotic resistance gene from another bacteria via mobile plasmids or transposons.[9b, 11] This horizontal gene transfer between bacterial populations is the ...
... Genetic resistance arises in one of two ways, either as a result of a chromosomal mutation or, more commonly, through the acquisition of an antibiotic resistance gene from another bacteria via mobile plasmids or transposons.[9b, 11] This horizontal gene transfer between bacterial populations is the ...
5-HT Receptor Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release
... as prefrontal neocortical dopamine or neocortical acetylcholine release, respectively. Conversely, attenuated GABA release in response to activation of inhibitory 5-HT heteroreceptors, e.g., 5-HT1A or 5-HT1B receptors on GABAergic interneurons is involved in paradoxical facilitation of hippocampal a ...
... as prefrontal neocortical dopamine or neocortical acetylcholine release, respectively. Conversely, attenuated GABA release in response to activation of inhibitory 5-HT heteroreceptors, e.g., 5-HT1A or 5-HT1B receptors on GABAergic interneurons is involved in paradoxical facilitation of hippocampal a ...
(Nurr1, Nur77 and Nor-1) by Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics in
... expression of Nur77 is observed in the CA1, compared to CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG) regions of the hippocampus (Table 1). Basal expression of Nur77 mRNA is barely detectable in the SN and VTA (Table 1 and Fig. 2). Typical antipsychotic drugs induced strong Nur77 mRNA levels in the motor areas of the ...
... expression of Nur77 is observed in the CA1, compared to CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG) regions of the hippocampus (Table 1). Basal expression of Nur77 mRNA is barely detectable in the SN and VTA (Table 1 and Fig. 2). Typical antipsychotic drugs induced strong Nur77 mRNA levels in the motor areas of the ...
original version
... phospholipids appears to change as cells pass from exponential growth into stationary phase [51,52] and recent work shows that depletion of cellular acidic phospholipids leads to under initiation of replication from oriC during the cell-cycle [39]. Acidic phospholipids, particularly CL, are present ...
... phospholipids appears to change as cells pass from exponential growth into stationary phase [51,52] and recent work shows that depletion of cellular acidic phospholipids leads to under initiation of replication from oriC during the cell-cycle [39]. Acidic phospholipids, particularly CL, are present ...
Zinc, cadmium and lead resistance mechanisms in bacteria
... toxic in excess. In order to avoid toxicity, metals must be quickly and efficiently eliminated from any cell. In general, there are two basic mechanisms of resistance to heavy metal ions: intracellular complexation of toxic metal ions is mainly used in eukaryotes; whereas, reduced accumulation based ...
... toxic in excess. In order to avoid toxicity, metals must be quickly and efficiently eliminated from any cell. In general, there are two basic mechanisms of resistance to heavy metal ions: intracellular complexation of toxic metal ions is mainly used in eukaryotes; whereas, reduced accumulation based ...
attached paper highlights
... PGC-1a in myotubes strongly induces the expression of downstream transcription factors such as NRFs and Tfam.17 Unlike NRFs or Tfam, however, PGC-1a levels correlate with cardiac and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, suggesting that it plays a major role in setting mitochondrial content.18 PGC-1a ...
... PGC-1a in myotubes strongly induces the expression of downstream transcription factors such as NRFs and Tfam.17 Unlike NRFs or Tfam, however, PGC-1a levels correlate with cardiac and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, suggesting that it plays a major role in setting mitochondrial content.18 PGC-1a ...
Hepatic Secretion of Conjugated Drugs and Endogenous Substances
... on an amino acid alignment. Despite the fact that these three MRP isoforms share only a relatively low degree of amino acid identity, a close evolutionary relationship of these transporters is indicated by their similar genomic organization. The identification of MRP3, MRP4, MRP5, and MRP6 was mainl ...
... on an amino acid alignment. Despite the fact that these three MRP isoforms share only a relatively low degree of amino acid identity, a close evolutionary relationship of these transporters is indicated by their similar genomic organization. The identification of MRP3, MRP4, MRP5, and MRP6 was mainl ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.