Lysenin: A sphingomyelin specific pore
... and Drosophila melanogaster do not contain sphingomyelin. Instead, these organisms have inositolphosphorylceramide and phosphoethanolamine ceramide, respectively [2,3]. In mammalian cells, sphingomyelin comprises 10–15% of the total phospholipids. Even higher levels of sphingomyelin are found in ery ...
... and Drosophila melanogaster do not contain sphingomyelin. Instead, these organisms have inositolphosphorylceramide and phosphoethanolamine ceramide, respectively [2,3]. In mammalian cells, sphingomyelin comprises 10–15% of the total phospholipids. Even higher levels of sphingomyelin are found in ery ...
Similarities: Differences Differences
... • 2 important genera are Sulfolobus and Thermoproteus •Can be chemoheterotrophic or chemoautotrophic ...
... • 2 important genera are Sulfolobus and Thermoproteus •Can be chemoheterotrophic or chemoautotrophic ...
Organization and translation of mRNA in sympathetic axons
... The long-term survival of most axons relies upon an uninterrupted connection to the neuronal cell body (Cajal, 1991), which provides a continuous supply of proteins and organelles generated there (Grafstein and Forman, 1980; Vallee and Bloom, 1991). However, axons do carry out autonomous synthesis o ...
... The long-term survival of most axons relies upon an uninterrupted connection to the neuronal cell body (Cajal, 1991), which provides a continuous supply of proteins and organelles generated there (Grafstein and Forman, 1980; Vallee and Bloom, 1991). However, axons do carry out autonomous synthesis o ...
supplementary information
... Supplementary Figure 1: Design of experiment and sucrose metabolism in yeast. Sucrose is hydrolyzed by the enzyme invertase in the periplasmic space between the plasma membrane and the cell wall. The vast majority of the glucose and fructose created by sucrose hydrolysis diffuse away before they can ...
... Supplementary Figure 1: Design of experiment and sucrose metabolism in yeast. Sucrose is hydrolyzed by the enzyme invertase in the periplasmic space between the plasma membrane and the cell wall. The vast majority of the glucose and fructose created by sucrose hydrolysis diffuse away before they can ...
Biology 6 Test 1 Study Guide
... i. Occurs on a membrane. (Fig. 5.15) ii. Converts energy carried by NADH and FADH2 to ATP (3/NAD, 2/FAD) (Fig. 5.16) iii. Chemiosmosis – production of ATP by a proton (H+) gradient. 1. Protons have been pumped into inter/outer-membrane space. High concentration drives movement of protons back acros ...
... i. Occurs on a membrane. (Fig. 5.15) ii. Converts energy carried by NADH and FADH2 to ATP (3/NAD, 2/FAD) (Fig. 5.16) iii. Chemiosmosis – production of ATP by a proton (H+) gradient. 1. Protons have been pumped into inter/outer-membrane space. High concentration drives movement of protons back acros ...
In vivo single-RNA tracking shows that most tRNA diffuses freely in
... The spatial distribution of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) has also been examined, with super-resolution imaging studies in live bacteria showing exclusion of ribosomes from the cell nucleoid (15); in contrast, ribosomal subunits S30 and S50 were shown to diffuse throughout the cell, and not to be excluded fr ...
... The spatial distribution of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) has also been examined, with super-resolution imaging studies in live bacteria showing exclusion of ribosomes from the cell nucleoid (15); in contrast, ribosomal subunits S30 and S50 were shown to diffuse throughout the cell, and not to be excluded fr ...
Phloem RNA-binding proteins as potential components of the long
... its own cell-to-cell transport. Heterografting assays were used to demonstrate that both CmPP16 mRNA and the protein are able to move from pumpkin stock CC into the SE through plasmodesmata, and that they can be detected specifically in the cucumber scion. This study provided the first evidence that a ...
... its own cell-to-cell transport. Heterografting assays were used to demonstrate that both CmPP16 mRNA and the protein are able to move from pumpkin stock CC into the SE through plasmodesmata, and that they can be detected specifically in the cucumber scion. This study provided the first evidence that a ...
Załącznik nr 3 do Zarządzenia Rektora PUM…………………….. z
... of DNA and RNA (primary and secondary) and chromatin structure knows functions of genome, transcriptome and proteome as well as basic methods applied to investigate these; describes processes of DNA replication, repair and recombination, processes of transcription and translation also the processes ...
... of DNA and RNA (primary and secondary) and chromatin structure knows functions of genome, transcriptome and proteome as well as basic methods applied to investigate these; describes processes of DNA replication, repair and recombination, processes of transcription and translation also the processes ...
Molecular Characterization of Calymmin, a Novel Notochord Sheath
... Based on these observations, clone c39a was assumed to encode a full-length polypeptide of 1,207 amino acids, with a molecular mass of 122 kDa and a pI of 10.50. A noteworthy feature of the primary sequence is its elevated content in glycine residues (20.2%). The first 20 amino acids in the sequence ...
... Based on these observations, clone c39a was assumed to encode a full-length polypeptide of 1,207 amino acids, with a molecular mass of 122 kDa and a pI of 10.50. A noteworthy feature of the primary sequence is its elevated content in glycine residues (20.2%). The first 20 amino acids in the sequence ...
Interactions of liposomes and lipid-based carrier systems with blood
... different anionic phospholipids triggers rapid clearance behavior in CD1 mice [8]. However, the clearance is not solely dependent on the negative surface charge since LUVs expressing phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidic acid (PA) or cardiolipin (CL) on their outer surface are all cleared very rapid ...
... different anionic phospholipids triggers rapid clearance behavior in CD1 mice [8]. However, the clearance is not solely dependent on the negative surface charge since LUVs expressing phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidic acid (PA) or cardiolipin (CL) on their outer surface are all cleared very rapid ...
Structure and function of human lactalbumin made lethal to tumor
... structure but near-complete loss of tertiary interactions, respectively, together with the enhancement of fluorescence upon binding of ANS, indicating increased exposure of hydrophobic segments [2]. The 1H-NMR spectrum of HAMLET exhibited broad peaks with poor chemical shift dispersion, indicating a ...
... structure but near-complete loss of tertiary interactions, respectively, together with the enhancement of fluorescence upon binding of ANS, indicating increased exposure of hydrophobic segments [2]. The 1H-NMR spectrum of HAMLET exhibited broad peaks with poor chemical shift dispersion, indicating a ...
Cell Processes: Nernst Potential
... the ratio of concentrations: if I have 1000 times more K+ in the cell compared to outside, that's a very powerful gradient, and it will take a large voltage difference to counteract it, right? Whereas if K+ in the cell is only slightly higher than outside, it won't take much voltage at all. So, I sh ...
... the ratio of concentrations: if I have 1000 times more K+ in the cell compared to outside, that's a very powerful gradient, and it will take a large voltage difference to counteract it, right? Whereas if K+ in the cell is only slightly higher than outside, it won't take much voltage at all. So, I sh ...
Butyrate formation from glucose by the rumen protozoon Dasytricha
... Production of butyrate by the holotrich protozoon Dasytricha ruminantium involves the enzymes of glycolysis, pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase, acetyl-CoA: acetylCoA C-acetyltransferase, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA hydro-lyase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA reductase, phosphate butyr ...
... Production of butyrate by the holotrich protozoon Dasytricha ruminantium involves the enzymes of glycolysis, pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase, acetyl-CoA: acetylCoA C-acetyltransferase, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA hydro-lyase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA reductase, phosphate butyr ...
Convergence and Extension Movements During Vertebrate
... coordinated morphogenetic movements of individual cells. Vertebrate gastrulation employs four types of evolutionarily conserved cell movements to generate and shape the three germ layers: endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Epiboly movements spread and thin the embryonic tissues. Internalization movem ...
... coordinated morphogenetic movements of individual cells. Vertebrate gastrulation employs four types of evolutionarily conserved cell movements to generate and shape the three germ layers: endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Epiboly movements spread and thin the embryonic tissues. Internalization movem ...
Peer-reviewed Article PDF
... contractile units or sarcomeres, which consist of four major components – thin filaments, thick filaments, titin and Zbands. The thin actin/tropomyosin-containing filaments are embedded in the Z-bands and interdigitate with the myosin-containing thick filaments aligned in A-bands. Titin is attached ...
... contractile units or sarcomeres, which consist of four major components – thin filaments, thick filaments, titin and Zbands. The thin actin/tropomyosin-containing filaments are embedded in the Z-bands and interdigitate with the myosin-containing thick filaments aligned in A-bands. Titin is attached ...
Glucose Metabolism in T Cells and Monocytes: New Perspectives in
... compared to uninfected individuals. High circulating levels of these cells is associated with immune activation and a low CD4+ T cell count in patients, irrespective of treatment status (Palmer et al., 2014a). Macintyre and co-workers have demonstrated that Glut1 is required for CD4+ T cell activati ...
... compared to uninfected individuals. High circulating levels of these cells is associated with immune activation and a low CD4+ T cell count in patients, irrespective of treatment status (Palmer et al., 2014a). Macintyre and co-workers have demonstrated that Glut1 is required for CD4+ T cell activati ...
Therapeutic Potential of miR-3189-3p Against Glioblastoma Selby White , Duane Jeansonne
... migration. We also found that miR-3189-3p-induced inhibition of cell growth was mediated by the downregulation of the splicing factor SF3B2, while impairment of migration was mediated by the downregulation of p63RhoGEF. Altogether, those findings indicate a potential use for miR-3189-3p as a novel t ...
... migration. We also found that miR-3189-3p-induced inhibition of cell growth was mediated by the downregulation of the splicing factor SF3B2, while impairment of migration was mediated by the downregulation of p63RhoGEF. Altogether, those findings indicate a potential use for miR-3189-3p as a novel t ...
Biggins
... released them into a mixture of nocodazole and benomyl at the nonpermissive temperature (35°C) to inactivate ipl1. We monitored Pds1p levels and found that wildtype and ipl1-321 cells activated the spindle checkpoint and arrested in nocodazole plus benomyl with high Pds1p levels (Fig. 3A). In contra ...
... released them into a mixture of nocodazole and benomyl at the nonpermissive temperature (35°C) to inactivate ipl1. We monitored Pds1p levels and found that wildtype and ipl1-321 cells activated the spindle checkpoint and arrested in nocodazole plus benomyl with high Pds1p levels (Fig. 3A). In contra ...
Protein 4.2 interaction with hereditary spherocytosis mutants of the
... cells. The mdAE1, which is missing the cytoplasmic domain, is unable to bind protein 4.2 [8] and was included in the present studies as a negative control. A truncated kidney isoform of AE1 (kAE1) is missing the first 65 amino acids [19], which are shown in red in Figure 1 (left-hand panel) and incl ...
... cells. The mdAE1, which is missing the cytoplasmic domain, is unable to bind protein 4.2 [8] and was included in the present studies as a negative control. A truncated kidney isoform of AE1 (kAE1) is missing the first 65 amino acids [19], which are shown in red in Figure 1 (left-hand panel) and incl ...
Contributions by members of the TGFbeta superfamily to lens
... Mullerian inhibiting substance and others). These ligands are proteolytically processed from inactive precursors, secreted as homo- or heterodimers and bind to a family of transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinases on target cells (type II receptors). The ability of TGFβ superfamily ligands to ...
... Mullerian inhibiting substance and others). These ligands are proteolytically processed from inactive precursors, secreted as homo- or heterodimers and bind to a family of transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinases on target cells (type II receptors). The ability of TGFβ superfamily ligands to ...
Career of Dennis Dougherty: Ion Channels
... ! Dougherty, Lester and coworkers incorporate serial fluorine substitutions in !Trp-149 of the muscle type nAChR ! Xenopus leavis (frog) oocytes used; as a vertebrate: close homology to human nAChR Frog oocytes very robust to patch-clamp single channel electrophysiology measurements ! Fluorine subst ...
... ! Dougherty, Lester and coworkers incorporate serial fluorine substitutions in !Trp-149 of the muscle type nAChR ! Xenopus leavis (frog) oocytes used; as a vertebrate: close homology to human nAChR Frog oocytes very robust to patch-clamp single channel electrophysiology measurements ! Fluorine subst ...
Open Access - Scientific Research Publishing
... thus delineating the species developmental silhouette. Since plant species had predominantly evolved sessile in their origins, they do respond to the varying external atmosphere by their altered growth patterns. Such changes in growth patterns are the result of the plant’s response to environmental ...
... thus delineating the species developmental silhouette. Since plant species had predominantly evolved sessile in their origins, they do respond to the varying external atmosphere by their altered growth patterns. Such changes in growth patterns are the result of the plant’s response to environmental ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.