Graded potential of neural crest to form cornea, sensory neurons
... crest developmental potential along the neural axis, it seems important to revisit the elegant grafting experiments of Le Douarin and colleagues using modern approaches. In order to test the relative roles of intrinsic information versus environmental influences on neural crest cell fate, we have ch ...
... crest developmental potential along the neural axis, it seems important to revisit the elegant grafting experiments of Le Douarin and colleagues using modern approaches. In order to test the relative roles of intrinsic information versus environmental influences on neural crest cell fate, we have ch ...
Graded potential of neural crest to form cornea, sensory neurons
... crest developmental potential along the neural axis, it seems important to revisit the elegant grafting experiments of Le Douarin and colleagues using modern approaches. In order to test the relative roles of intrinsic information versus environmental influences on neural crest cell fate, we have ch ...
... crest developmental potential along the neural axis, it seems important to revisit the elegant grafting experiments of Le Douarin and colleagues using modern approaches. In order to test the relative roles of intrinsic information versus environmental influences on neural crest cell fate, we have ch ...
Inhibition of Golgi function causes plastid starch accumulation
... accumulation and starch degradation are strongly associated with diurnal metabolism as, after a transition from light to dark, starch breakdown is initiated by a cascade of circadian-regulated enzymes (Zeeman et al., 2007). Considerably less is known about the relationship between other essential ce ...
... accumulation and starch degradation are strongly associated with diurnal metabolism as, after a transition from light to dark, starch breakdown is initiated by a cascade of circadian-regulated enzymes (Zeeman et al., 2007). Considerably less is known about the relationship between other essential ce ...
Diapositive 1
... Figure S6. Caspases mediated cleavage of rodent Par-4, at residue D123, is required for its full proapoptotic activities. (A) HCT116 cells transfected either with the GFP-tagged constructs rat Par4 (wild type, D123A mutant, left panel) or with the Myc-tagged constructs human Par-4 (wild type, D131A ...
... Figure S6. Caspases mediated cleavage of rodent Par-4, at residue D123, is required for its full proapoptotic activities. (A) HCT116 cells transfected either with the GFP-tagged constructs rat Par4 (wild type, D123A mutant, left panel) or with the Myc-tagged constructs human Par-4 (wild type, D131A ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... inhibitors (phenylmethane sulphonyl fluoride, pepstatin, leupeptin) either alone or in mixtures to the breakage medium did not enhance glucan synthase stability, suggesting that the enzyme was not inactivated through a proteolytic mechanism. By adding 0.2-2.0M-sucrose to the breakage medium as an os ...
... inhibitors (phenylmethane sulphonyl fluoride, pepstatin, leupeptin) either alone or in mixtures to the breakage medium did not enhance glucan synthase stability, suggesting that the enzyme was not inactivated through a proteolytic mechanism. By adding 0.2-2.0M-sucrose to the breakage medium as an os ...
Localization of Ptr ToxA Produced by Pyrenophora tritici
... The plant pathogenic fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis secretes host-selective toxins (HSTs) that function as pathogenicity factors. Unlike most HSTs that are products of enzymatic pathways, at least two toxins produced by P. tritici-repentis are proteins and, thus, products of single genes. Sensi ...
... The plant pathogenic fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis secretes host-selective toxins (HSTs) that function as pathogenicity factors. Unlike most HSTs that are products of enzymatic pathways, at least two toxins produced by P. tritici-repentis are proteins and, thus, products of single genes. Sensi ...
Paramecium as a bioassay system for elucidation of cytotoxicity and
... pool of cytoplasm is enough for surviving in the period of experiments performed in this study. However, an energy source uptake under the presence of CNF is remained to estimate experimentally. An alternative possibility is the production of hazardous chemical substances by interaction between the ...
... pool of cytoplasm is enough for surviving in the period of experiments performed in this study. However, an energy source uptake under the presence of CNF is remained to estimate experimentally. An alternative possibility is the production of hazardous chemical substances by interaction between the ...
Re-establishing the avian body plan - Development
... Kessler and Melton, 1994). It is now clear that the organizer is formed on the dorsal side of the gastrula embryo in the equatorial region as a result of inductive interactions between the marginal zone and the dorsal vegetal (endodermal) region, also known as the Nieuwkoop center (Nieuwkoop, 1969, ...
... Kessler and Melton, 1994). It is now clear that the organizer is formed on the dorsal side of the gastrula embryo in the equatorial region as a result of inductive interactions between the marginal zone and the dorsal vegetal (endodermal) region, also known as the Nieuwkoop center (Nieuwkoop, 1969, ...
Steroid Hormone Induction Of Temporal Gene Expression
... 2013; Suzuki et al., 2013). Lastly, INPs sequentially express three temporal transcription factors, two of which ...
... 2013; Suzuki et al., 2013). Lastly, INPs sequentially express three temporal transcription factors, two of which ...
Stress response in yeast mRNA export factor
... partly changed in response to 6% ethanol and completely changed in response to 9% ethanol. Corresponding to this change, a partial accumulation of bulk poly(A)+ mRNA in the nucleus was observed with 6% ethanol, whereas a complete accumulation was observed with 9% ethanol. The minimum concentration o ...
... partly changed in response to 6% ethanol and completely changed in response to 9% ethanol. Corresponding to this change, a partial accumulation of bulk poly(A)+ mRNA in the nucleus was observed with 6% ethanol, whereas a complete accumulation was observed with 9% ethanol. The minimum concentration o ...
VegT initiates endoderm formation
... 1× SYBR Green master mix. The primers used and cycling conditions are listed in Table 1. In order to compare expression levels of depleted and rescued embryos relative to controls, a dilution series of uninjected control cDNA was made and assayed in each LightCycler run. Undiluted control cDNA=100%, ...
... 1× SYBR Green master mix. The primers used and cycling conditions are listed in Table 1. In order to compare expression levels of depleted and rescued embryos relative to controls, a dilution series of uninjected control cDNA was made and assayed in each LightCycler run. Undiluted control cDNA=100%, ...
Enzymatic inactivation of endogenous IgG by IdeS enhances
... all immunological effector cells particularly by uncovering the most impeded and widely expressed receptor, FcγRI. Adults have on average 10 g/L (6.7–14.5 g/L) intravascular IgG (27), however more than half of the total amount of IgG is present in the extravascular compartment (28). This high concen ...
... all immunological effector cells particularly by uncovering the most impeded and widely expressed receptor, FcγRI. Adults have on average 10 g/L (6.7–14.5 g/L) intravascular IgG (27), however more than half of the total amount of IgG is present in the extravascular compartment (28). This high concen ...
Maternal macho-1 is an intrinsic factor that makes cell
... the embryos at the 32-cell stage and it receives the signal over its entire surface by treatment with FGF, both daughter cells adopt the mesenchyme or notochord fate (induced fate) (Fig. 1D, part d) (Kim et al., 2000; Minokawa et al., 2001). Thus, there are striking similarities at the cellular and ...
... the embryos at the 32-cell stage and it receives the signal over its entire surface by treatment with FGF, both daughter cells adopt the mesenchyme or notochord fate (induced fate) (Fig. 1D, part d) (Kim et al., 2000; Minokawa et al., 2001). Thus, there are striking similarities at the cellular and ...
Genetic analysis of leaf development in cotton
... Clonal analysis in tobacco has revealed that the leaf axis arises from about 100 cells in three layers of the primordium (Poethig and Sussex, 1985a,/?). The lamina (expanded part of the leaf) develops from several rows of cells in three cell layers along the margin of the axis. In dicotyledonous lea ...
... Clonal analysis in tobacco has revealed that the leaf axis arises from about 100 cells in three layers of the primordium (Poethig and Sussex, 1985a,/?). The lamina (expanded part of the leaf) develops from several rows of cells in three cell layers along the margin of the axis. In dicotyledonous lea ...
Homeomorphisms between homotopy manifolds and their resolutions
... topological manifold. This is demonstrated by Siebenmann in [10]. He omits the proof in the case where 0M :~0, but this is supplied by Glaser 1,4] in his recent work on homotopy manifolds. (It is unknown at present March, 1970 - whether every triangulated topological manifold is, in fact, a homotopy ...
... topological manifold. This is demonstrated by Siebenmann in [10]. He omits the proof in the case where 0M :~0, but this is supplied by Glaser 1,4] in his recent work on homotopy manifolds. (It is unknown at present March, 1970 - whether every triangulated topological manifold is, in fact, a homotopy ...
Vocab smack-down
... RULES of the GAME: • You must keep your voice at a whisper • LISTEN/READ the correct answer on the board for EVERY question… • This game is to help you prepare for the test! • If you cannot keep yourselves under control, you will have an alternative assignment: • Write definitions/characteristics of ...
... RULES of the GAME: • You must keep your voice at a whisper • LISTEN/READ the correct answer on the board for EVERY question… • This game is to help you prepare for the test! • If you cannot keep yourselves under control, you will have an alternative assignment: • Write definitions/characteristics of ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... the shells of crustaceans and fungal cell walls. It is the deacetylated form of chitin and is made up of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-glucosamine. CH is found to possess several properties such as antimicrobial activity, biodegradability and biocompatibility, making it suitable for use in biomedical ...
... the shells of crustaceans and fungal cell walls. It is the deacetylated form of chitin and is made up of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-glucosamine. CH is found to possess several properties such as antimicrobial activity, biodegradability and biocompatibility, making it suitable for use in biomedical ...
SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES AS ANTIGENS AND COMPETITORS IN
... for influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP)' could lyse uninfected target cells in the presence of synthetic NP peptides. These results suggest that a common function of class I and class II cell surface glycoproteins is to present antigenic fragments to T cells. We have recently described a system that ...
... for influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP)' could lyse uninfected target cells in the presence of synthetic NP peptides. These results suggest that a common function of class I and class II cell surface glycoproteins is to present antigenic fragments to T cells. We have recently described a system that ...
The engrailed Locus of D. melanogaster Provides an Essential
... Previous studies have not established when during embryogenesis engrailed functions or if engrailed participates in the subdivision process that generates the reiterated pattern of anterior and posterior compartments. The developmental stage in which compartments and segments subdivide the embryo in ...
... Previous studies have not established when during embryogenesis engrailed functions or if engrailed participates in the subdivision process that generates the reiterated pattern of anterior and posterior compartments. The developmental stage in which compartments and segments subdivide the embryo in ...
Gcm Target Genes Regulating Glial Development, Diversification
... deadly forms of cancer—and other neurological diseases (Baumann and Pham-Dinh, 2001; Wingerchuk et al., 2001). Nevertheless, despite the importance of glia in the nervous system, we know surprisingly little about this remarkable cell type. Drosophila offers an excellent opportunity to study glial bi ...
... deadly forms of cancer—and other neurological diseases (Baumann and Pham-Dinh, 2001; Wingerchuk et al., 2001). Nevertheless, despite the importance of glia in the nervous system, we know surprisingly little about this remarkable cell type. Drosophila offers an excellent opportunity to study glial bi ...
Calcium homeostasis in plants
... Many aspects of Ca2+ homeostasis in plants are similar to those in animals and fungi (Poovaiah and Reddy, 1989), but an understanding of how Ca2+ transport and function are integrated from the level of the whole plant to the subcellular level remains elusive. At the whole-plant level, a constant sup ...
... Many aspects of Ca2+ homeostasis in plants are similar to those in animals and fungi (Poovaiah and Reddy, 1989), but an understanding of how Ca2+ transport and function are integrated from the level of the whole plant to the subcellular level remains elusive. At the whole-plant level, a constant sup ...
AXR3 and SHY2 interact to regulate root hair development
... extremely short half-lives, some as short as 5 minutes (Abel et al., 1994; Ouellet et al., 2001). The stability of Aux/IAAs is further reduced by auxin treatment (Ramos et al., 2001; Gray et al., 2001). Aux/IAAs are characterised by a highly conserved four domain structure. Domain II contains the de ...
... extremely short half-lives, some as short as 5 minutes (Abel et al., 1994; Ouellet et al., 2001). The stability of Aux/IAAs is further reduced by auxin treatment (Ramos et al., 2001; Gray et al., 2001). Aux/IAAs are characterised by a highly conserved four domain structure. Domain II contains the de ...
Synthetic Physical Interactions Map Kinetochore
... 2008; Rodriguez-Bravo et al. 2014), and roles for SAC proteins in other cellular compartments (Iouk et al. 2002; Wan et al. 2014). Additionally, there is a precedent for checkpoint activation via kinetochore-independent clustering of the Aurora kinase (Campbell and Desai 2013). Therefore, we hypoth ...
... 2008; Rodriguez-Bravo et al. 2014), and roles for SAC proteins in other cellular compartments (Iouk et al. 2002; Wan et al. 2014). Additionally, there is a precedent for checkpoint activation via kinetochore-independent clustering of the Aurora kinase (Campbell and Desai 2013). Therefore, we hypoth ...
Physiological assembly and activity of human
... most normal human somatic cells harbor very low or undetectable telomerase activity. Mechanisms by which telomerase is inhibited in human somatic cells are numerous, including down-regulation of hTERT by transcriptional silencing, alternative splicing and degradation (Collins and Mitchell, 2002; For ...
... most normal human somatic cells harbor very low or undetectable telomerase activity. Mechanisms by which telomerase is inhibited in human somatic cells are numerous, including down-regulation of hTERT by transcriptional silencing, alternative splicing and degradation (Collins and Mitchell, 2002; For ...
Graded maternal short gastrulation protein contributes to embryonic
... embryonic DV patterning. For example, maternal decapentaplegic (Dpp) signaling contributes to determining the relative sizes and positions of DV domains. dpp and the BMP antagonist encoded by short gastrulation (sog) are both expressed during mid-oogenesis in subsets of follicle cells (Araujo and Bi ...
... embryonic DV patterning. For example, maternal decapentaplegic (Dpp) signaling contributes to determining the relative sizes and positions of DV domains. dpp and the BMP antagonist encoded by short gastrulation (sog) are both expressed during mid-oogenesis in subsets of follicle cells (Araujo and Bi ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.