Mob4 plays a role in spindle focusing in Drosophila S2 cells
... As reported previously (Goshima and Vale, 2003), S2 cells often show aberrant mitotic spindle phenotypes. Some S2 cells form monopolar spindles that subsequently can be converted to a bipolar spindle by a rescue process in which microtubules become organized to form a second, acentrosomal pole (~10% ...
... As reported previously (Goshima and Vale, 2003), S2 cells often show aberrant mitotic spindle phenotypes. Some S2 cells form monopolar spindles that subsequently can be converted to a bipolar spindle by a rescue process in which microtubules become organized to form a second, acentrosomal pole (~10% ...
Fan et al.P65
... linked to the human mental retardation disorder Rett syndrome, suggesting an important role for methyl-CpG binding proteins in brain development and function. This mini-review summarizes the recent advances in studying the diverse functions of MeCP2 as a prototype for other methyl-CpG binding protei ...
... linked to the human mental retardation disorder Rett syndrome, suggesting an important role for methyl-CpG binding proteins in brain development and function. This mini-review summarizes the recent advances in studying the diverse functions of MeCP2 as a prototype for other methyl-CpG binding protei ...
Interaction between Cell Wall and Plasma Membrane via RGD Motif
... mechanism of signal transmission from the cell wall to plasma membrane during defense responses has been obscure for a long time. The results of the present study are summarized as follows: (1) VN-like and VNR-like proteins were found to exist in the pea cell wall and plasma membrane, respectively, ...
... mechanism of signal transmission from the cell wall to plasma membrane during defense responses has been obscure for a long time. The results of the present study are summarized as follows: (1) VN-like and VNR-like proteins were found to exist in the pea cell wall and plasma membrane, respectively, ...
Heat stress-induced localization of small heat shock
... Lamin A/C speckles have earlier been shown to colocalize with mRNA splicing factors such as SC-35 [29] and mediate spatial organization of SFCs [39]. We have investigated whether aB-crystallin also colocalizes with SC-35 in normal and heat-stressed myoblasts. Fig. 3 (unstressed cells) shows that aB- ...
... Lamin A/C speckles have earlier been shown to colocalize with mRNA splicing factors such as SC-35 [29] and mediate spatial organization of SFCs [39]. We have investigated whether aB-crystallin also colocalizes with SC-35 in normal and heat-stressed myoblasts. Fig. 3 (unstressed cells) shows that aB- ...
BYSTANDER HELP IN PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSES IN
... to show in vivo or for protein-bound indicator antigens (21-24). Thus, it has been proposed that this mechanism of T cell-B cell collaboration may be of little importance in vivo (25, 26). The murine immune response to heterologous insulins is controlled by H-2linked immune response (Ir) genes (27-3 ...
... to show in vivo or for protein-bound indicator antigens (21-24). Thus, it has been proposed that this mechanism of T cell-B cell collaboration may be of little importance in vivo (25, 26). The murine immune response to heterologous insulins is controlled by H-2linked immune response (Ir) genes (27-3 ...
Mudskipper gill MR cell ion-transport proteins
... animals to eliminate ammonia actively is probably associated with the branchial MR cells. In the present study, we investigate the possibility that the branchial epithelium is the site of active NH4+ elimination. Iontransport proteins involved in the active elimination of NH4+ are localized using an ...
... animals to eliminate ammonia actively is probably associated with the branchial MR cells. In the present study, we investigate the possibility that the branchial epithelium is the site of active NH4+ elimination. Iontransport proteins involved in the active elimination of NH4+ are localized using an ...
Chapter 4
... such infections. – But over time, bacteria that were resistant to antibiotics were favored. – The widespread use and abuse of antibiotics continues to favor bacteria that resist antibiotics. ...
... such infections. – But over time, bacteria that were resistant to antibiotics were favored. – The widespread use and abuse of antibiotics continues to favor bacteria that resist antibiotics. ...
Mitochondrion and Chloroplast Regulation of Plant Programmed
... Programmed cell death (PCD) is a sequence of events that lead to the controlled and organised destruction of the cell [1]. PCD is a fundamental process in plants, controlling the elimination of cells during development, defence (the hypersensitive response) and stress responses (see Kacprzyk et al. ...
... Programmed cell death (PCD) is a sequence of events that lead to the controlled and organised destruction of the cell [1]. PCD is a fundamental process in plants, controlling the elimination of cells during development, defence (the hypersensitive response) and stress responses (see Kacprzyk et al. ...
The Balance between Cell Division and Endoreplication Depends
... depends on the coordination of gene expression, posttranslational modification, and specific proteolysis of cell cycle regulators. The G1/S and G2/M transitions are critical checkpoints controlled, in part, by cyclin-dependent kinases in the retinoblastoma (RBR)/E2F/DP pathway. Arabidopsis thaliana ...
... depends on the coordination of gene expression, posttranslational modification, and specific proteolysis of cell cycle regulators. The G1/S and G2/M transitions are critical checkpoints controlled, in part, by cyclin-dependent kinases in the retinoblastoma (RBR)/E2F/DP pathway. Arabidopsis thaliana ...
Mitosis in the Mouse: A Study of Living and
... TEXT-FIG. 2. Histogram showing distribution of interrrutotic periods. Data from the same spleen culture as in Text-fig. I. ...
... TEXT-FIG. 2. Histogram showing distribution of interrrutotic periods. Data from the same spleen culture as in Text-fig. I. ...
JMS 68/1 pp. 087-094 FINAL - Oxford Academic
... 1996; Bartolomaeus, 1997; Estabrooks et al., 1999; Fahrner & Haszprunar, 2000, 2001) and is considered as plesiomorphic for the phylum. In some gastropod species, additional podocytes occur in the surface of the ventricle (Økland, 1982; Luchtel et al., 1997), while in the Cyclophoridae the ventricul ...
... 1996; Bartolomaeus, 1997; Estabrooks et al., 1999; Fahrner & Haszprunar, 2000, 2001) and is considered as plesiomorphic for the phylum. In some gastropod species, additional podocytes occur in the surface of the ventricle (Økland, 1982; Luchtel et al., 1997), while in the Cyclophoridae the ventricul ...
Endocytosis of Particle Formulations by Macrophages
... particle base is the most important part of a formulation. Poly (lactic-glycolic) acid (PLGA) is one of the candidates for drug-containing particle formulations, because PLGA is biodegradable and biocompatible [11]. Drug release from the particles and its sustainability can be regulated by changing ...
... particle base is the most important part of a formulation. Poly (lactic-glycolic) acid (PLGA) is one of the candidates for drug-containing particle formulations, because PLGA is biodegradable and biocompatible [11]. Drug release from the particles and its sustainability can be regulated by changing ...
d-glucose-sensitive neurosecretory cells of the crab cancer borealis
... by ATP-sensitive K+ channels (for reviews, see Ashcroft and Ashcroft, 1990; Edwards and Weston, 1993). Briefly, glucose is transported into the cell, leading to a metabolic increase in the ATP level which, in turn, closes ATPdependent K+ channels. These channels are prime candidates to link cellular ...
... by ATP-sensitive K+ channels (for reviews, see Ashcroft and Ashcroft, 1990; Edwards and Weston, 1993). Briefly, glucose is transported into the cell, leading to a metabolic increase in the ATP level which, in turn, closes ATPdependent K+ channels. These channels are prime candidates to link cellular ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Luciferase (Close et al., 2012)), thus enabling time-dependent inline fluorescence tracking of the target protein production (Kaddoum et al., 2010). To further improve our screen, we employed the BioLector Microcultivation system for high-throughput. The BioLector allows in-line measurement of optica ...
... Luciferase (Close et al., 2012)), thus enabling time-dependent inline fluorescence tracking of the target protein production (Kaddoum et al., 2010). To further improve our screen, we employed the BioLector Microcultivation system for high-throughput. The BioLector allows in-line measurement of optica ...
![WOX4 Promotes Procambial Development1[W][OA]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/015871676_1-3651be0b9530e879640c6e2c082fe002-300x300.png)
WOX4 Promotes Procambial Development1[W][OA]
... and transports water, nutrients, and signaling molecules to plant tissues. Plant vasculature is organized as a network (Esau, 1965) of bundles containing waterconducting xylem and photosynthate-conducting phloem that interconnects the major organ and tissue systems of the plant (Scarpella and Meijer ...
... and transports water, nutrients, and signaling molecules to plant tissues. Plant vasculature is organized as a network (Esau, 1965) of bundles containing waterconducting xylem and photosynthate-conducting phloem that interconnects the major organ and tissue systems of the plant (Scarpella and Meijer ...
Apyrase Suppression Raises Extracellular ATP
... solely in Golgi or both in Golgi and on the plasma membrane. Both wounding and pathogen attacks would allow cytoplasmic ATP to leak into the ECM of plant cells, and data from several laboratories are consistent with the hypothesis that this eATP could serve as an early signal of biotic stress. This ...
... solely in Golgi or both in Golgi and on the plasma membrane. Both wounding and pathogen attacks would allow cytoplasmic ATP to leak into the ECM of plant cells, and data from several laboratories are consistent with the hypothesis that this eATP could serve as an early signal of biotic stress. This ...
Discussion
... therefore may show minor differences in their phenotypes. The different clones can vary in proteoglycan core protein synthesis, in basal GAG synthesis, and sulphation efficiency. A variation in proteoglycan synthesis is indeed observed between the two established MDCK cell strains. The MDCK I cell l ...
... therefore may show minor differences in their phenotypes. The different clones can vary in proteoglycan core protein synthesis, in basal GAG synthesis, and sulphation efficiency. A variation in proteoglycan synthesis is indeed observed between the two established MDCK cell strains. The MDCK I cell l ...
Lack of evidence for functional ADP-activated
... (clone 4) (1321-N1 G P2X1WT or 1321-N1 G4 P2X1del, respectively; kindly provided by Dr N.J. Greco, Red Cross Research Laboratories, Rockville, MD) were maintained in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium ...
... (clone 4) (1321-N1 G P2X1WT or 1321-N1 G4 P2X1del, respectively; kindly provided by Dr N.J. Greco, Red Cross Research Laboratories, Rockville, MD) were maintained in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium ...
114 - University of Oxford
... somite, and another wave begins to sweep up from the caudal end. This behaviour is not easily explained by the existing theoretical models. We present a new model for somitogenesis that can account for this behaviour and is consistent with previous experimental observations. Dev Dyn 2000;217:415– 42 ...
... somite, and another wave begins to sweep up from the caudal end. This behaviour is not easily explained by the existing theoretical models. We present a new model for somitogenesis that can account for this behaviour and is consistent with previous experimental observations. Dev Dyn 2000;217:415– 42 ...
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
... notes, The Effect of Light Intensity on Photosynthetic Rate, Photosynthesis Review State the purpose of and write a balanced equation for the process of photosynthesis. Identify the reactants and products of this reaction. List the reactants and products of the light-dependent reaction. Where do ...
... notes, The Effect of Light Intensity on Photosynthetic Rate, Photosynthesis Review State the purpose of and write a balanced equation for the process of photosynthesis. Identify the reactants and products of this reaction. List the reactants and products of the light-dependent reaction. Where do ...
Higher Expression Level and Lower Toxicity of Genetically Spliced
... without adding any primers. The overlap extension PCR was performed with these conditions: a predenaturation at 95ºC for 5 min and 9 cycles of 95ºC for 1.5 min, 50ºC for 1.5 min, 72ºC for 80 s, and a final 5 min extension at 72ºC. The PCR was paused at 72ºC and Taq polymerase (4 U per 50 μL reaction ...
... without adding any primers. The overlap extension PCR was performed with these conditions: a predenaturation at 95ºC for 5 min and 9 cycles of 95ºC for 1.5 min, 50ºC for 1.5 min, 72ºC for 80 s, and a final 5 min extension at 72ºC. The PCR was paused at 72ºC and Taq polymerase (4 U per 50 μL reaction ...
Severe osmotic compression triggers a slowdown of
... after hyperosmotic stress is an increase in the intracellular protein concentrations and the total protein density, thus leading to molecular crowding. This may alter the mobility, folding, stability, and association rates of several proteins inside the cell. Molecular crowding has received little a ...
... after hyperosmotic stress is an increase in the intracellular protein concentrations and the total protein density, thus leading to molecular crowding. This may alter the mobility, folding, stability, and association rates of several proteins inside the cell. Molecular crowding has received little a ...
Specification of the C. elegans MS blastomere by the T
... development. Descendants of MS contribute to body wall muscle and to the posterior half of the pharynx. We have previously shown that MS is specified by the activity of the divergent MED-1,2 GATA factors. We report that the MED-1,2 target gene tbx-35, which encodes a T-box transcription factor, speci ...
... development. Descendants of MS contribute to body wall muscle and to the posterior half of the pharynx. We have previously shown that MS is specified by the activity of the divergent MED-1,2 GATA factors. We report that the MED-1,2 target gene tbx-35, which encodes a T-box transcription factor, speci ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.