Vascular Disorders
... have a quiescent endothelium do not exhibit the markers of endothelial cell proliferation seen in infantile hemangiomas during their proliferative phase ...
... have a quiescent endothelium do not exhibit the markers of endothelial cell proliferation seen in infantile hemangiomas during their proliferative phase ...
N1 - Herrin High School
... Question: All of the following are examples of cell specialization EXCEPT a. a pancreatic cell that produces protein-digesting enzymes. b. muscle cells that control movement of materials in the body. c. a prokaryotic cell that carries out photosynthesis. d. a red blood cell that carries oxygen. ANSW ...
... Question: All of the following are examples of cell specialization EXCEPT a. a pancreatic cell that produces protein-digesting enzymes. b. muscle cells that control movement of materials in the body. c. a prokaryotic cell that carries out photosynthesis. d. a red blood cell that carries oxygen. ANSW ...
GNOM-LIKE1/ERMO1 and SEC24a/ERMO2 Are
... and Walz, 2001). The outer nuclear envelope is continuous with the rough ER, and the rough ER is distinguished from smooth ER by the presence of ribosomes on the cytosolic side of the membrane. The ER forms a dynamic polygonal network composed of tubules, sheets, and three-way junctions. In addition ...
... and Walz, 2001). The outer nuclear envelope is continuous with the rough ER, and the rough ER is distinguished from smooth ER by the presence of ribosomes on the cytosolic side of the membrane. The ER forms a dynamic polygonal network composed of tubules, sheets, and three-way junctions. In addition ...
The plant formin AtFH4 interacts with both actin and microtubules
... absent from the AtFH4D1 deletion, but are adjacent to the GOE microtubule-binding domain in the full-length protein (Fig. 1A). The influence of these domains on microtubule interaction was assessed by expressing full-length AtFH4-GFP in leaf epidermal cells. AtFH4-GFP was found to align with microtu ...
... absent from the AtFH4D1 deletion, but are adjacent to the GOE microtubule-binding domain in the full-length protein (Fig. 1A). The influence of these domains on microtubule interaction was assessed by expressing full-length AtFH4-GFP in leaf epidermal cells. AtFH4-GFP was found to align with microtu ...
FM Dyes Label Sterol-Rich Plasma Membrane
... Fig. 1 Heterogeneous labeling of the plasma membrane by FM dyes and filipin, and comparison with the distribution of cortical organelles in internodes of Chara corallina. (A–C) Double staining of the plasma membrane with FM4-64 (A), FM1-43 (B) and merged image (C). The asterisk in A indicates the po ...
... Fig. 1 Heterogeneous labeling of the plasma membrane by FM dyes and filipin, and comparison with the distribution of cortical organelles in internodes of Chara corallina. (A–C) Double staining of the plasma membrane with FM4-64 (A), FM1-43 (B) and merged image (C). The asterisk in A indicates the po ...
2-Cell and Molecular Biology (Plasma Membrane)
... Ion gradient across the membranes, established by activities of specialized membrane proteins, can be used ...
... Ion gradient across the membranes, established by activities of specialized membrane proteins, can be used ...
Growth factors and tooth development
... ABSTRACT The effects of various growth factors on tooth development were studied in organ cultures of mouse embryonic tooth germs. Transferrin was shown to be a necessary growth factor for early tooth morphogenesis. Transferrin was required for the development of bud- and early cap-staged teeth, and ...
... ABSTRACT The effects of various growth factors on tooth development were studied in organ cultures of mouse embryonic tooth germs. Transferrin was shown to be a necessary growth factor for early tooth morphogenesis. Transferrin was required for the development of bud- and early cap-staged teeth, and ...
From spores to antibiotics via the cell cycle
... How a single relatively featureless fertilized egg gives rise to the spectacularly complex adult human is one of the central problems of biology. The adult contains a plethora of distinctive, highly differentiated cell types, and each cell needs to acquire its correct characteristics for the organis ...
... How a single relatively featureless fertilized egg gives rise to the spectacularly complex adult human is one of the central problems of biology. The adult contains a plethora of distinctive, highly differentiated cell types, and each cell needs to acquire its correct characteristics for the organis ...
1 by the Chemokines Macrophage Lymph Nodes During an Immune
... lymph nodes was associated with the accumulation of CD81 T cells in these tissues. The present experiments were designed to further define the potential in vivo role of MIP-1a and MIP-1b in recruitment of T cell subsets to lymph nodes during an immune response. The well-characterized murine model of ...
... lymph nodes was associated with the accumulation of CD81 T cells in these tissues. The present experiments were designed to further define the potential in vivo role of MIP-1a and MIP-1b in recruitment of T cell subsets to lymph nodes during an immune response. The well-characterized murine model of ...
Plant Signaling and Behavior
... EXPBs in Arabidopsis alone.8 In rice, an astonishing 80 ORFs that encode expansin or expansin-like proteins have been detected in the genome.9,10 The large number of family members may relate to the different tissues or developmental processes where expansins are required. For example, they are indu ...
... EXPBs in Arabidopsis alone.8 In rice, an astonishing 80 ORFs that encode expansin or expansin-like proteins have been detected in the genome.9,10 The large number of family members may relate to the different tissues or developmental processes where expansins are required. For example, they are indu ...
SUMO Pathway Modulation of Regulatory Protein Binding
... the cellular hub for the initial stages of ribosome assembly (Strunnikov et al. 2001; D’Amours et al. 2004; Panse et al. 2006; Takahashi et al. 2008; Srikumar et al. 2013b). To maintain robust ribosome production, cells have numerous ribosomal DNA (rDNA) copies, even though repeated DNA is prone to ...
... the cellular hub for the initial stages of ribosome assembly (Strunnikov et al. 2001; D’Amours et al. 2004; Panse et al. 2006; Takahashi et al. 2008; Srikumar et al. 2013b). To maintain robust ribosome production, cells have numerous ribosomal DNA (rDNA) copies, even though repeated DNA is prone to ...
Regulation of the cytoplasmic accumulation of 5
... however, these agents have no effect on receptor movement, which suggests a key role for protons in the cytoplasmic delivery step (8). If the folate receptor delivers 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid to a vacuolar compartment, how does 5-methyltetrahydrofolate then traverse the membrane to reach the cyt ...
... however, these agents have no effect on receptor movement, which suggests a key role for protons in the cytoplasmic delivery step (8). If the folate receptor delivers 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid to a vacuolar compartment, how does 5-methyltetrahydrofolate then traverse the membrane to reach the cyt ...
20. Cell-to-Cell Signaling: Hormones and Receptors No cell lives in
... No cell lives in isolation. In all multicellular organisms, survival depends on an elaborate intercellular communication network that coordinates the growth, differentiation, and metabolism of the multitude of cells in diverse tissues and organs. Cells within small groups often communicate by direct ...
... No cell lives in isolation. In all multicellular organisms, survival depends on an elaborate intercellular communication network that coordinates the growth, differentiation, and metabolism of the multitude of cells in diverse tissues and organs. Cells within small groups often communicate by direct ...
Fuel Cell book.indd
... been taught or should be expected to know, but to assess what they understand so far about how a PEM fuel cell works. It serves as a baseline assessment, for comparison with the knowledge they display at the end of the challenge, in their final presentation, as well as on the post-test. 1. Distribu ...
... been taught or should be expected to know, but to assess what they understand so far about how a PEM fuel cell works. It serves as a baseline assessment, for comparison with the knowledge they display at the end of the challenge, in their final presentation, as well as on the post-test. 1. Distribu ...
Apoptosis-inducing factor is involved in the regulation of caspase
... induces neuronal cell death through a rapid Apaf1-dependent pathway in wild-type neurons, and through a delayed pathway in Apaf1-deficient neurons. These two cell death pathways could be further distinguished on the basis of caspase involvement and cellular morphology. In wild-type neurons, camptoth ...
... induces neuronal cell death through a rapid Apaf1-dependent pathway in wild-type neurons, and through a delayed pathway in Apaf1-deficient neurons. These two cell death pathways could be further distinguished on the basis of caspase involvement and cellular morphology. In wild-type neurons, camptoth ...
Murine Siva-1 and Siva-2, alternate splice forms of the mouse Siva
... be divided into three groups, the ®rst comprising molecules containing death domain, the second having the TRAF (TNFR associated factor) domain and the third falling into neither of these categories. The death domain (about 80 amino acids in length), originally identi®ed in the cytoplasmic tails of ...
... be divided into three groups, the ®rst comprising molecules containing death domain, the second having the TRAF (TNFR associated factor) domain and the third falling into neither of these categories. The death domain (about 80 amino acids in length), originally identi®ed in the cytoplasmic tails of ...
Meiotic Induction of the Yeast HOP1 Gene Is
... contains a hopl-lacZ gene fusion. A fragment encoding the first 115 residues of the HOP1 protein along with 207 bp of the promoter region was joined in frame to the lacZ gene. We tested whether the hopl-lacZ fusion was induced during meiosis and whether it followed the same temporal pattern of expre ...
... contains a hopl-lacZ gene fusion. A fragment encoding the first 115 residues of the HOP1 protein along with 207 bp of the promoter region was joined in frame to the lacZ gene. We tested whether the hopl-lacZ fusion was induced during meiosis and whether it followed the same temporal pattern of expre ...
Oligosaccharide signalling for defense responses in plant
... A single class of high-anity binding site for chitin oligosaccharide elicitor was detected in the microsomal/ plasma membrane preparation from suspension-cultured rice cells [87, 88], tomato cells [4] and soybean root and cultured cells [22] by using radio-labelled, elicitor-active derivatives of t ...
... A single class of high-anity binding site for chitin oligosaccharide elicitor was detected in the microsomal/ plasma membrane preparation from suspension-cultured rice cells [87, 88], tomato cells [4] and soybean root and cultured cells [22] by using radio-labelled, elicitor-active derivatives of t ...
Autocrine Effects of Fibroblast Growth Factor in Repair of Radiation
... of mammalian cells to radiation and their potential for repair of radiation damage (10, 14, 15). Parameters that describe the exponential components are commonly used to define the in herent radiosensitivity of a given cell, while those parameters that describe the curvilinear threshold shoulder ref ...
... of mammalian cells to radiation and their potential for repair of radiation damage (10, 14, 15). Parameters that describe the exponential components are commonly used to define the in herent radiosensitivity of a given cell, while those parameters that describe the curvilinear threshold shoulder ref ...
Centrosome misorientation mediates slowing of the cell cycle under
... Revised: Jan 30, 2012 Accepted: Feb 17, 2012 ...
... Revised: Jan 30, 2012 Accepted: Feb 17, 2012 ...
Final published version - Discovery
... possibility that some posterior neural tissue is generated independently of the mechanism(s) that induces the anterior neural plate. The idea that the posterior spinal cord arises from progenitor cells with a neuromesodermal potential was proposed as long ago as 1884, based on morphological observat ...
... possibility that some posterior neural tissue is generated independently of the mechanism(s) that induces the anterior neural plate. The idea that the posterior spinal cord arises from progenitor cells with a neuromesodermal potential was proposed as long ago as 1884, based on morphological observat ...
Mechanisms of cell positioning during C. elegans gastrulation
... also result in a gastrulation-defective phenotype (reviewed by Maduro and Rothman, 2002). In addition, proper cell cycle length may also be essential, as early Ea/Ep division appears to prevent gastrulation (Schierenberg et al., 1980; Knight and Wood, 1998). Other factors, such as the formation of s ...
... also result in a gastrulation-defective phenotype (reviewed by Maduro and Rothman, 2002). In addition, proper cell cycle length may also be essential, as early Ea/Ep division appears to prevent gastrulation (Schierenberg et al., 1980; Knight and Wood, 1998). Other factors, such as the formation of s ...
Chapter 18 Gene Expression
... thereby promoting the initiation of transcription • The addition of methyl groups (methylation) can condense chromatin; the addition of phosphate groups (phosphorylation) next to a methylated amino acid can loosen chromatin Animation: DNA Packing Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing a ...
... thereby promoting the initiation of transcription • The addition of methyl groups (methylation) can condense chromatin; the addition of phosphate groups (phosphorylation) next to a methylated amino acid can loosen chromatin Animation: DNA Packing Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing a ...
Bone marrow side population cells are enriched for progenitors
... Fig. 2. WBM and SP transplantations result in equivalent hematopoietic lineage reconstitution. Markers for B cell (B220), T lymphocyte (CD3), mature granulocyte (Gr-1), monocyte/macrophage (Mac-1) and erythroid (Ter119) lineages were tested using a mouse lineage panel. For each marker, the percentag ...
... Fig. 2. WBM and SP transplantations result in equivalent hematopoietic lineage reconstitution. Markers for B cell (B220), T lymphocyte (CD3), mature granulocyte (Gr-1), monocyte/macrophage (Mac-1) and erythroid (Ter119) lineages were tested using a mouse lineage panel. For each marker, the percentag ...
Regulation of Gene Expression
... DNA Methylation • DNA methylation, the addition of methyl groups to certain bases in DNA, is associated with reduced transcription in some species • DNA methylation can cause long-term inactivation of genes in cellular differentiation • In genomic imprinting, methylation regulates expression of eit ...
... DNA Methylation • DNA methylation, the addition of methyl groups to certain bases in DNA, is associated with reduced transcription in some species • DNA methylation can cause long-term inactivation of genes in cellular differentiation • In genomic imprinting, methylation regulates expression of eit ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.