Development of neural tube basal lamina during neurulation and
... anterior levels of the trunk of single embryos is equivalent to a time sequence at a single somite level, we have examined the 15th somite or equivalent in 8-5-day (10 somite) embryos (Fig. IB and Fig. 6) and in 9-day (17 somite) embryos (Fig. 1C and Fig. 7), in addition to the 15th somite in the 9- ...
... anterior levels of the trunk of single embryos is equivalent to a time sequence at a single somite level, we have examined the 15th somite or equivalent in 8-5-day (10 somite) embryos (Fig. IB and Fig. 6) and in 9-day (17 somite) embryos (Fig. 1C and Fig. 7), in addition to the 15th somite in the 9- ...
PDF only - at www.arxiv.org.
... complex extracellular milieu, constituted by the extracellular matrix (ECM) components and the surrounding cells, are also important [2]. Recent in vitro studies suggest that many neuronal and neuroglial cells respond to stiffness and to other mechanical cues during development (reviewed in [3]). To ...
... complex extracellular milieu, constituted by the extracellular matrix (ECM) components and the surrounding cells, are also important [2]. Recent in vitro studies suggest that many neuronal and neuroglial cells respond to stiffness and to other mechanical cues during development (reviewed in [3]). To ...
Lecture21
... -have their own genomes -genomes are circular -have 16S rRNA genes chloroplast branches in Cyanobacteria - oxygenic photosynthesis mitochondria branches in Proteobacteria near Rickettsia- aerobic respiration -have lipid membranes (often two sets) -one species of alga still has peptidoglycan cell wal ...
... -have their own genomes -genomes are circular -have 16S rRNA genes chloroplast branches in Cyanobacteria - oxygenic photosynthesis mitochondria branches in Proteobacteria near Rickettsia- aerobic respiration -have lipid membranes (often two sets) -one species of alga still has peptidoglycan cell wal ...
Atrophic Vaginitis
... support for the pelvic organs and the muscles that are adjacent to it. C. The drop in estrogen causes a decrease in glycogen reducing lactobacilli which leads to an increase in vaginal pH (from acid to alkaline). This often leads to overgrowth of various pathogenic bacteria such as Gardnerella vagin ...
... support for the pelvic organs and the muscles that are adjacent to it. C. The drop in estrogen causes a decrease in glycogen reducing lactobacilli which leads to an increase in vaginal pH (from acid to alkaline). This often leads to overgrowth of various pathogenic bacteria such as Gardnerella vagin ...
Mitosis in the Mouse: A Study of Living and
... made by these methods on mitosis in chick cells (Hughes and Swann, 1948; Hughes and Fell, 1949) and in amphibian tissue (Hughes and Preston, 1949). The present authors have extended these investigations to mammalian cells, using cultures of new-born mouse tissues, mainly of the spleen and kidney. In ...
... made by these methods on mitosis in chick cells (Hughes and Swann, 1948; Hughes and Fell, 1949) and in amphibian tissue (Hughes and Preston, 1949). The present authors have extended these investigations to mammalian cells, using cultures of new-born mouse tissues, mainly of the spleen and kidney. In ...
A Shift toward Smaller Cell Size via Manipulation of Cell Cycle Gene
... dexamethasone (DEX; Supplemental Fig. S1). Molecular analysis of transgenic plants generated using these constructs confirmed that following treatment with DEX there was either an accumulation of AtCYCD3;1 mRNA and protein or a decrease in transcript and protein level for AtRBR1 (Fig. 1). These chan ...
... dexamethasone (DEX; Supplemental Fig. S1). Molecular analysis of transgenic plants generated using these constructs confirmed that following treatment with DEX there was either an accumulation of AtCYCD3;1 mRNA and protein or a decrease in transcript and protein level for AtRBR1 (Fig. 1). These chan ...
Cytokinesis in Higher Plants
... cytokinesis of male meiotic cells in Arabidopsis was recently shown to resemble somatic cytokinesis in one important aspect—delivery of membrane vesicles to the plane of division and formation of membrane networks generated by vesicle fusion across the division plane, which contrasts with the previo ...
... cytokinesis of male meiotic cells in Arabidopsis was recently shown to resemble somatic cytokinesis in one important aspect—delivery of membrane vesicles to the plane of division and formation of membrane networks generated by vesicle fusion across the division plane, which contrasts with the previo ...
Role of CD45 Signaling Pathway in Galactoxylomannan- Induced T Cell Damage
... GalXM-FLUOS (10 mg/ml) as previously described. After incubation, cells were washed twice, fixed with 4% formalin for 10 min at room temperature (RT), washed and resuspended in 0.5 ml of fluorescence buffer (FB) and analyzed by flow cytometry using FACScan flow cytofluorometer (BD Biosciences). Resu ...
... GalXM-FLUOS (10 mg/ml) as previously described. After incubation, cells were washed twice, fixed with 4% formalin for 10 min at room temperature (RT), washed and resuspended in 0.5 ml of fluorescence buffer (FB) and analyzed by flow cytometry using FACScan flow cytofluorometer (BD Biosciences). Resu ...
Growth factors and tooth development
... families based on their molecular structure, structural homolo- ...
... families based on their molecular structure, structural homolo- ...
1 - UvA-DARE - University of Amsterdam
... construct and showed that the exon 7+ polyA sequence is essential for the formation of the alternative splice form GFAPδ. Whether GFAPδ is expressed, is partly regulated by the splice regulators of the family of serine rich (SR) proteins. It has been shown that high expression of the SR protein poly ...
... construct and showed that the exon 7+ polyA sequence is essential for the formation of the alternative splice form GFAPδ. Whether GFAPδ is expressed, is partly regulated by the splice regulators of the family of serine rich (SR) proteins. It has been shown that high expression of the SR protein poly ...
Evaluation of suitable solvents for testing the anti
... two solvents, if any of them interfered with the biologic function of triclosan in inhibiting proliferation of MCF-7 cells in vitro. Our results clearly indicated that acetonesolubilized triclosan was suitable for testing the drug in MCF-7 cells grown in vitro. Acetone was shown to be a non-cytotoxi ...
... two solvents, if any of them interfered with the biologic function of triclosan in inhibiting proliferation of MCF-7 cells in vitro. Our results clearly indicated that acetonesolubilized triclosan was suitable for testing the drug in MCF-7 cells grown in vitro. Acetone was shown to be a non-cytotoxi ...
recommendations for tissue preparation and formalin or
... or fresh 4% (w/v) formaldehyde solution (“PFA”) made from paraformaldehyde power. It is important to realize that the concentrations of formaldehyde in both 10% (v/v) NBF and 4% (w/v) PFA are almost identical. Confusion arises because the concentration of formaldehyde in NBF is given as a percen ...
... or fresh 4% (w/v) formaldehyde solution (“PFA”) made from paraformaldehyde power. It is important to realize that the concentrations of formaldehyde in both 10% (v/v) NBF and 4% (w/v) PFA are almost identical. Confusion arises because the concentration of formaldehyde in NBF is given as a percen ...
Ectodermal progenitors derived from epiblast
... Interestingly, 82% of ESD-EpiSCs treated with both SB43 and BMP4 for 3 days were positive for K18 (Figure 1Cl and D). Taken together, these data suggest that Nodal inhibition probably cooperates with BMP signals to modulate the lineage commitment from ESD-EpiSCs to either neural or epidermal fate, ...
... Interestingly, 82% of ESD-EpiSCs treated with both SB43 and BMP4 for 3 days were positive for K18 (Figure 1Cl and D). Taken together, these data suggest that Nodal inhibition probably cooperates with BMP signals to modulate the lineage commitment from ESD-EpiSCs to either neural or epidermal fate, ...
PHAGOCYTOSIS AND INTRACELLULAR KILLING OF SERUM
... FcγRIII (CD16). These receptors can be distinguished on basis of differences in their primary sequences, molecular size, ligand affinity and specificity, cellular distribution, and reactivity with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against FcγR (23). FcγRI, a 72 kDa protein that binds monomeric IgG with hi ...
... FcγRIII (CD16). These receptors can be distinguished on basis of differences in their primary sequences, molecular size, ligand affinity and specificity, cellular distribution, and reactivity with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against FcγR (23). FcγRI, a 72 kDa protein that binds monomeric IgG with hi ...
Chapter 25
... ii. secretion of water, acid, buffers, and digestive enzymes iii. mixing of food with secretions and propulsion of food along the GI tract, i.e., motility iv. digestion of food by both mechanical and chemical processes v. absorption of digested food molecules into the blood and lymph vi. defecation ...
... ii. secretion of water, acid, buffers, and digestive enzymes iii. mixing of food with secretions and propulsion of food along the GI tract, i.e., motility iv. digestion of food by both mechanical and chemical processes v. absorption of digested food molecules into the blood and lymph vi. defecation ...
Epithelial enhancement of connective tissue
... somites are able to undergo spontaneous myogenesis (Ellison, Ambrose & Easty, 1969!?) and chondrogenesis (Ellison et al. 1969«), if placed in a suitable medium. However, the notochord (Lash, 1963) or components of its associated extracellular matrix (ECM) (Kosher, Lash & Minor, 1973; Kosher & Church ...
... somites are able to undergo spontaneous myogenesis (Ellison, Ambrose & Easty, 1969!?) and chondrogenesis (Ellison et al. 1969«), if placed in a suitable medium. However, the notochord (Lash, 1963) or components of its associated extracellular matrix (ECM) (Kosher, Lash & Minor, 1973; Kosher & Church ...
CYTOKINESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS
... cytokinesis of male meiotic cells in Arabidopsis was recently shown to resemble somatic cytokinesis in one important aspect—delivery of membrane vesicles to the plane of division and formation of membrane networks generated by vesicle fusion across the division plane, which contrasts with the previo ...
... cytokinesis of male meiotic cells in Arabidopsis was recently shown to resemble somatic cytokinesis in one important aspect—delivery of membrane vesicles to the plane of division and formation of membrane networks generated by vesicle fusion across the division plane, which contrasts with the previo ...
electrophysiological investigations of the heart of squill a mantis
... The number of impulses in the burst fired by the g.n.t. was related to the interval between the bursts. In any one heart the number was fairly constant over a short time (several minutes) but over a longer period the heart slowed and the number of impulses per burst increased. Fig. 6 illustrates thi ...
... The number of impulses in the burst fired by the g.n.t. was related to the interval between the bursts. In any one heart the number was fairly constant over a short time (several minutes) but over a longer period the heart slowed and the number of impulses per burst increased. Fig. 6 illustrates thi ...
Skeletal Muscle Powerpoint
... • Rod like tail (axis) that terminates in two globular heads or cross bridges • Head region site of Myosin ATPase activity (Breaks down ATP, releases energy) ...
... • Rod like tail (axis) that terminates in two globular heads or cross bridges • Head region site of Myosin ATPase activity (Breaks down ATP, releases energy) ...
Default neural induction: neuralization of dissociated Xenopus cells
... of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1662, USA ...
... of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1662, USA ...
lengthened g1 phase indicates differentiation status in
... Cyclin E and Cyclin D1; the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) CDK2 and CDK4; the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI) p27 and p21; and the retinoblastoma protein (pRb). G1 can be divided into two phases: early G1 when pRb is un/hypophosphorylated and active and late G1 when pRb is hyperphosphorylat ...
... Cyclin E and Cyclin D1; the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) CDK2 and CDK4; the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI) p27 and p21; and the retinoblastoma protein (pRb). G1 can be divided into two phases: early G1 when pRb is un/hypophosphorylated and active and late G1 when pRb is hyperphosphorylat ...
Blood Stem Cell Activity Is Arrested by Th1
... (1–3). At steady-state, most HSCs are quiescent (4, 5), but in situations of increased demand, injury of cells, blood loss, and senescence they dynamically respond to generate more blood. An array of signals can trigger this HSC activity, such as cytokines released during infections, and possibly di ...
... (1–3). At steady-state, most HSCs are quiescent (4, 5), but in situations of increased demand, injury of cells, blood loss, and senescence they dynamically respond to generate more blood. An array of signals can trigger this HSC activity, such as cytokines released during infections, and possibly di ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).