PDF
... to die in the late larval or early pupal stages. This is because the maternal contribution of cell cycle proteins supports the rapid syncytial nuclear division cycles and the subsequent embryonic cell cycles. Development through the larval stages then has little demand upon mitosis. Instead it requi ...
... to die in the late larval or early pupal stages. This is because the maternal contribution of cell cycle proteins supports the rapid syncytial nuclear division cycles and the subsequent embryonic cell cycles. Development through the larval stages then has little demand upon mitosis. Instead it requi ...
Dynamics of small genetic circuits subject to stochastic partitioning
... conceivable that the noise in the process of partitioning of the products of gene expression affects the cell-to-cell diversity of behaviors of these motifs. Here, we study the effects of errors in partitioning on the behavior of two such motifs, the Toggle Switch (Gardner et al., 2000) and the Repr ...
... conceivable that the noise in the process of partitioning of the products of gene expression affects the cell-to-cell diversity of behaviors of these motifs. Here, we study the effects of errors in partitioning on the behavior of two such motifs, the Toggle Switch (Gardner et al., 2000) and the Repr ...
The Polypeptide Composition of Moving and Stationary
... expression of these proteins declines when these cells exit the cell cycle and differentiate into neurons. In adults, nestin expression is confined to neuronal stem cells [Lendahl et al., 1990] and vimentin expression is retained in only a few unusual neurons [Drager, 1983; Schwob et al., 1986], thou ...
... expression of these proteins declines when these cells exit the cell cycle and differentiate into neurons. In adults, nestin expression is confined to neuronal stem cells [Lendahl et al., 1990] and vimentin expression is retained in only a few unusual neurons [Drager, 1983; Schwob et al., 1986], thou ...
Early transcription in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos
... Key words: autoradiography, α-amanitin, maternal effects, transcription, Caenorhabditis ...
... Key words: autoradiography, α-amanitin, maternal effects, transcription, Caenorhabditis ...
Asymmetric cell division in C. elegans - Development
... fuse with the epidermal syncytium called hyp7 (Sulston and Horvitz, 1977). We find that loss-of-function mutations in egl20 cause reversals in the polarity of the V5 daughter cell fates. In egl-20 mutants, V5.a often becomes a seam cell while V5.p fuses with hyp7. Thus, egl-20 mutants continue to di ...
... fuse with the epidermal syncytium called hyp7 (Sulston and Horvitz, 1977). We find that loss-of-function mutations in egl20 cause reversals in the polarity of the V5 daughter cell fates. In egl-20 mutants, V5.a often becomes a seam cell while V5.p fuses with hyp7. Thus, egl-20 mutants continue to di ...
Direct conversion of root primordium into shoot meristem relies on
... protocols, cell proliferation is first enhanced in explants placed on a callus-inducing medium (CIM) characterized by a high auxin/ cytokinin ratio. After a few days, the resulting calli can be transferred on a root-inducing medium (RIM) that only contains auxin or on a shoot-inducing medium (SIM) w ...
... protocols, cell proliferation is first enhanced in explants placed on a callus-inducing medium (CIM) characterized by a high auxin/ cytokinin ratio. After a few days, the resulting calli can be transferred on a root-inducing medium (RIM) that only contains auxin or on a shoot-inducing medium (SIM) w ...
Avoidance of Four-way Junctions and
... and anchored it to the cortex throughout division. The picture for microtubules (MTs) ~ in large vacuolated cells is less clear, probably because of the difficulty of handling such cells for microscopy. However, Bakhuizen et al. (1985) have been able to see MT segments in the phragmosome of Nautilo ...
... and anchored it to the cortex throughout division. The picture for microtubules (MTs) ~ in large vacuolated cells is less clear, probably because of the difficulty of handling such cells for microscopy. However, Bakhuizen et al. (1985) have been able to see MT segments in the phragmosome of Nautilo ...
DRP1 family in cytokinesis and cell expansion
... the flower buds mature and undergo anthesis, individual papillae expand anisotropically (Figure 2B). Mature wild-type papillae have a flask-shaped appearance and are receptive to pollen grains. By contrast, the papillae of adl1A-2 flowers failed to elongate (Figure 2C) and frequently displayed abnor ...
... the flower buds mature and undergo anthesis, individual papillae expand anisotropically (Figure 2B). Mature wild-type papillae have a flask-shaped appearance and are receptive to pollen grains. By contrast, the papillae of adl1A-2 flowers failed to elongate (Figure 2C) and frequently displayed abnor ...
Cellular and Subcellular Localization of Peroxidase
... of peroxidase isoenzymes from the intercellular space (ICS) 3.0 g intact leaf tissue was totally cov ered with 15 ml 0.1 m Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) in a dessicator flask. The pressure was lowered to 50 Torr for 5 min and set normal again. The leaf tissue was taken from the buffer, blotted carefully on a f ...
... of peroxidase isoenzymes from the intercellular space (ICS) 3.0 g intact leaf tissue was totally cov ered with 15 ml 0.1 m Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) in a dessicator flask. The pressure was lowered to 50 Torr for 5 min and set normal again. The leaf tissue was taken from the buffer, blotted carefully on a f ...
Effect of n-butanol and cold pretreatment on the cytoskeleton and
... Degradation and recycling of these cytoplasmic components through two different pathways: the ubiquitin-26S proteosome system and autophagy (Alché et al. 2000; Maraschin et al. 2005b). In the next step, the nucleus moves from the periphery to the center of the microspore. Simultaneously, the vacuol ...
... Degradation and recycling of these cytoplasmic components through two different pathways: the ubiquitin-26S proteosome system and autophagy (Alché et al. 2000; Maraschin et al. 2005b). In the next step, the nucleus moves from the periphery to the center of the microspore. Simultaneously, the vacuol ...
ER and vacuoles: never been closer
... of vacuoles, the provacuoles. The tubular provacuoles are supposed to fuse with one another, forming a complex network that finally will give raise to the central vacuole (Marty, 1999). This hypothesis is based on an early electron microscopy study that revealed tubular structures at the trans-side o ...
... of vacuoles, the provacuoles. The tubular provacuoles are supposed to fuse with one another, forming a complex network that finally will give raise to the central vacuole (Marty, 1999). This hypothesis is based on an early electron microscopy study that revealed tubular structures at the trans-side o ...
Septo-temporal gradients of neurogenesis and activity in 13
... Received 28 January 2009; received in revised form 17 April 2009; accepted 31 May 2009 Available online 25 July 2009 ...
... Received 28 January 2009; received in revised form 17 April 2009; accepted 31 May 2009 Available online 25 July 2009 ...
University of Groningen Bromodeoxyuridine does not contribute to
... for two cell cycles. Visualization of chromosomes by staining with Hoechst or Giemsa allows for differentiation between sister chromatids for which either one or both DNA strands are labeled with BrdU (2,5,6). However, it has been * To ...
... for two cell cycles. Visualization of chromosomes by staining with Hoechst or Giemsa allows for differentiation between sister chromatids for which either one or both DNA strands are labeled with BrdU (2,5,6). However, it has been * To ...
From DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL
... between Wnt1 and Wnt5a in mDA neuron development in vivo. Based on these results, we developed a combined Wnt protocol to promote the generation of mDA neurons from neural and embryonic stem cells in vitro. We conclude that coordinated Wnt actions promote mDA neuron development in vivo and in stem c ...
... between Wnt1 and Wnt5a in mDA neuron development in vivo. Based on these results, we developed a combined Wnt protocol to promote the generation of mDA neurons from neural and embryonic stem cells in vitro. We conclude that coordinated Wnt actions promote mDA neuron development in vivo and in stem c ...
CYTOKINESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS
... cytokinesis of male meiotic cells in Arabidopsis was recently shown to resemble somatic cytokinesis in one important aspect—delivery of membrane vesicles to the plane of division and formation of membrane networks generated by vesicle fusion across the division plane, which contrasts with the previo ...
... cytokinesis of male meiotic cells in Arabidopsis was recently shown to resemble somatic cytokinesis in one important aspect—delivery of membrane vesicles to the plane of division and formation of membrane networks generated by vesicle fusion across the division plane, which contrasts with the previo ...
Update on the Notochord Including its Embryology
... Notochord cells within the postnatal intervertebral discs are believed to preserve their role as vital signaling effectors regulating intervertebral disc cell function. Notochord secreted factors have also been shown to protect nucleus pulposus cells from the degradative effects of cytokine exposure ...
... Notochord cells within the postnatal intervertebral discs are believed to preserve their role as vital signaling effectors regulating intervertebral disc cell function. Notochord secreted factors have also been shown to protect nucleus pulposus cells from the degradative effects of cytokine exposure ...
Truncated products of the vestigial proliferation gene
... The Vg product plays a key role in cell proliferation of the wing disc integrating developmental cues by its two enhancers, the `boundary' and the `quadrant' enhancers. Ectopic expression of vg in all imaginal discs leads to ectopic proliferation of wing tissue.8 All vg mutants characterized so far ...
... The Vg product plays a key role in cell proliferation of the wing disc integrating developmental cues by its two enhancers, the `boundary' and the `quadrant' enhancers. Ectopic expression of vg in all imaginal discs leads to ectopic proliferation of wing tissue.8 All vg mutants characterized so far ...
Microreviews in Cell and Molecular Biology
... Dynamin A is a representative of the family of dynamin related proteins. With the results we can come to the conclusion that D. discoideum protein shares features, like the tripartite GTP- binding motif, the consensus pattern LPRGSGIVTR, and a high degree of sequence identity. Dynamin B is a nuclear ...
... Dynamin A is a representative of the family of dynamin related proteins. With the results we can come to the conclusion that D. discoideum protein shares features, like the tripartite GTP- binding motif, the consensus pattern LPRGSGIVTR, and a high degree of sequence identity. Dynamin B is a nuclear ...
Cytotoxicity and inhibition of platelet aggregation
... approximately 30% of the total protein content [2,3]. It has been reported to exert a multiplicity of effects on biological organisms including the induction or inhibition of platelet aggregation [4–6]. These enzymes also exhibit antibacterial and antiviral properties, abolishing the growth of both ...
... approximately 30% of the total protein content [2,3]. It has been reported to exert a multiplicity of effects on biological organisms including the induction or inhibition of platelet aggregation [4–6]. These enzymes also exhibit antibacterial and antiviral properties, abolishing the growth of both ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).