hematopoietic stem cells: to be or notch to be
... formation and regeneration both in the embryo and the adult 2 The hematopoietic system has served for decades as a pioneer model for studying and deciphering the behavior of somatic Stem Cells and the mechanisms that regulate cell differentiation, and in fact, the knowledge generated on hematopoieti ...
... formation and regeneration both in the embryo and the adult 2 The hematopoietic system has served for decades as a pioneer model for studying and deciphering the behavior of somatic Stem Cells and the mechanisms that regulate cell differentiation, and in fact, the knowledge generated on hematopoieti ...
figure 1 - Open Biology
... division is a prerequisite for life in all three domains of life: Archaea, bacteria, Eukaryota. The segregation process is essentially a mechanochemical problem in that the chromosomes, which have mass, need to be pulled or pushed into daughter cells. All mechanisms known so far can be reduced to tw ...
... division is a prerequisite for life in all three domains of life: Archaea, bacteria, Eukaryota. The segregation process is essentially a mechanochemical problem in that the chromosomes, which have mass, need to be pulled or pushed into daughter cells. All mechanisms known so far can be reduced to tw ...
Copyright Information of the Article Published Online
... entered eukaryotic cells and became organelles. However, this theory has not always been accepted by the scientific community; it was first proposed for plastids at the beginning of the 20th century, but was only accepted for mitochondria for a few years before being rejected by cell biologists. It ...
... entered eukaryotic cells and became organelles. However, this theory has not always been accepted by the scientific community; it was first proposed for plastids at the beginning of the 20th century, but was only accepted for mitochondria for a few years before being rejected by cell biologists. It ...
Chapter 7 Answers
... 3. During their development, membranelike layers of relatively undifferentiated connective tissue appear at the sites of their future bones. 4. Dense networks of blood vessels supply the connective tissue layers. 5. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells. 6. Osteoblasts deposit bony matrix around themse ...
... 3. During their development, membranelike layers of relatively undifferentiated connective tissue appear at the sites of their future bones. 4. Dense networks of blood vessels supply the connective tissue layers. 5. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells. 6. Osteoblasts deposit bony matrix around themse ...
Cytotoxicity of 1,2-epoxynaphthalene Is Correlated with
... 1,2-Epoxynaphthalene is proposed to bind covalently to nucleophilic amino acid residues of cellular proteins and thus cause cytotoxicity (Zheng et al., 1997). However, the subsequent interactions of the electrophilic metabolites with macromolecules in the cells, and the importance of these interacti ...
... 1,2-Epoxynaphthalene is proposed to bind covalently to nucleophilic amino acid residues of cellular proteins and thus cause cytotoxicity (Zheng et al., 1997). However, the subsequent interactions of the electrophilic metabolites with macromolecules in the cells, and the importance of these interacti ...
VI. Skull –XII. Lower Limb
... 3. During their development, membranelike layers of relatively undifferentiated connective tissue appear at the sites of their future bones. 4. Dense networks of blood vessels supply the connective tissue layers. 5. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells. 6. Osteoblasts deposit bony matrix around themse ...
... 3. During their development, membranelike layers of relatively undifferentiated connective tissue appear at the sites of their future bones. 4. Dense networks of blood vessels supply the connective tissue layers. 5. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells. 6. Osteoblasts deposit bony matrix around themse ...
Full Text
... Many glycolipids were found in animal tissues by Japanese researchers (Hakomori, 1981). Structural studies of various glycolipids found in fresh water animals by the group of Taro Hori (Hori et al., 1983; Hori and Sugita, 1993), and those in marine animals by Akira Hayashi’s group (Matsubara and Hay ...
... Many glycolipids were found in animal tissues by Japanese researchers (Hakomori, 1981). Structural studies of various glycolipids found in fresh water animals by the group of Taro Hori (Hori et al., 1983; Hori and Sugita, 1993), and those in marine animals by Akira Hayashi’s group (Matsubara and Hay ...
Serine/Threonine Kinase 3-Phosphoinositide
... different protrusions, either in the form of large lamellipodia or finger-like filopodia, driven by actin polymerization. Subsequently, cells establish new integrin-mediated adhesions with the underlying substrate in correspondence of protrusions; these nascent adhesions, linked to the actin cytoske ...
... different protrusions, either in the form of large lamellipodia or finger-like filopodia, driven by actin polymerization. Subsequently, cells establish new integrin-mediated adhesions with the underlying substrate in correspondence of protrusions; these nascent adhesions, linked to the actin cytoske ...
D. Malpighian tubules play similar function as tubular parts of the
... in lumen of MTs and finally excretes out through alimentary canal. Capability of transporter and functions of MTs can also be judged through uric acid deposition assay. Junctional protein Armadillo (orthologue of vertebrate beta-catenin), tight junctional protein Dlg (orthologue of vertebrate Zonula ...
... in lumen of MTs and finally excretes out through alimentary canal. Capability of transporter and functions of MTs can also be judged through uric acid deposition assay. Junctional protein Armadillo (orthologue of vertebrate beta-catenin), tight junctional protein Dlg (orthologue of vertebrate Zonula ...
The cell biology of lignification in higher plants
... cell types. Lignification is part of the normal differentiation programme and functioning of specific cell types, but can also be triggered as a response to various biotic and abiotic stresses in cells that would not otherwise be lignifying. Scope Cell wall lignification exhibits specific characte ...
... cell types. Lignification is part of the normal differentiation programme and functioning of specific cell types, but can also be triggered as a response to various biotic and abiotic stresses in cells that would not otherwise be lignifying. Scope Cell wall lignification exhibits specific characte ...
Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-like Protein Mediates Necrosis
... RIP3, effectively terminating necrosis (Feng et al., 2007; Lin et al., 1999). Thus, for necrosis to ensue, the inhibitory effect of caspase-8 must be overcome either by caspase inhibitors or by a substantial elevation of RIP3 levels, as occurs during tissue damage (He et al., 2009; Trichonas et al. ...
... RIP3, effectively terminating necrosis (Feng et al., 2007; Lin et al., 1999). Thus, for necrosis to ensue, the inhibitory effect of caspase-8 must be overcome either by caspase inhibitors or by a substantial elevation of RIP3 levels, as occurs during tissue damage (He et al., 2009; Trichonas et al. ...
Novel Insights into Vacuole-mediated Control of Plant Growth and
... stress responses. These include maintenance of turgor pressure, storage of minerals and proteins, and degradation of cellular content delivered by endosomal trafficking and autophagy pathways. Intriguingly, vacuolar and autophagic processes have been implicated in hormone signaling during growth and ...
... stress responses. These include maintenance of turgor pressure, storage of minerals and proteins, and degradation of cellular content delivered by endosomal trafficking and autophagy pathways. Intriguingly, vacuolar and autophagic processes have been implicated in hormone signaling during growth and ...
Escherichia coli Karl Skoog
... The biogenesis of the peptidoglycan layer can be divided into two steps. The first step, synthesis of the peptidoglycan precursor, occurs in the cytoplasm, whereas the second step, polymerization of peptidoglycan precursors to form the peptidoglycan layer, occurs in the periplasm 35. The peptidoglyc ...
... The biogenesis of the peptidoglycan layer can be divided into two steps. The first step, synthesis of the peptidoglycan precursor, occurs in the cytoplasm, whereas the second step, polymerization of peptidoglycan precursors to form the peptidoglycan layer, occurs in the periplasm 35. The peptidoglyc ...
Laser Microdissection and Spatiotemporal Pinoresinol
... The L. usitatissimum pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase (LuPLR1) gene encoding the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of the major enantiomer (+)-secoisolariciresinol is strongly expressed in the seed coats of developing flaxseed, suggesting that SDG is synthesized and accumulated in this tissue ...
... The L. usitatissimum pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase (LuPLR1) gene encoding the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of the major enantiomer (+)-secoisolariciresinol is strongly expressed in the seed coats of developing flaxseed, suggesting that SDG is synthesized and accumulated in this tissue ...
Inside A Cell
... 1. I feel like jelly, but my job is important. I am the place where molecules are broken down to produce energy and where other molecules are built up. What am I? ____________________ 2. I am a thin layer that surrounds the cell. I hold all of the organelles in place. I let some things into the cell ...
... 1. I feel like jelly, but my job is important. I am the place where molecules are broken down to produce energy and where other molecules are built up. What am I? ____________________ 2. I am a thin layer that surrounds the cell. I hold all of the organelles in place. I let some things into the cell ...
Liver cytokine production and ICAM
... mediators to maintain homeostasis. However, there are many instances in which prolonged stress leads to the overproduction of proinflammatory mediators, resulting in cellular, tissue, and organ dysfunction. Surgical and traumatic injuries influence the function of leukocytes and endothelial cells, t ...
... mediators to maintain homeostasis. However, there are many instances in which prolonged stress leads to the overproduction of proinflammatory mediators, resulting in cellular, tissue, and organ dysfunction. Surgical and traumatic injuries influence the function of leukocytes and endothelial cells, t ...
PDF - ScienceAsia
... other bacteria, A. latus does not accumulate PHA during the cell growth period. Moreover, the PHA content can change at any stage depending on the C:N ratio, pH, dissolved oxygen, and cell concentrations (unpublished observations). Recently, several modern analytical techniques have been used to qua ...
... other bacteria, A. latus does not accumulate PHA during the cell growth period. Moreover, the PHA content can change at any stage depending on the C:N ratio, pH, dissolved oxygen, and cell concentrations (unpublished observations). Recently, several modern analytical techniques have been used to qua ...
Rac1 accumulates in the nucleus during the G2 phase of the cell
... type, we studied the distribution of these proteins in multiple cell lines including MDCK, COS-1, and porcine aortic endothelial (PAE) cells (Fig. 1, B and C) and ECV304 human bladder carcinoma, HeLa, and NIH 3T3 (not depicted). GFP-Rac1 ranged from 5 ± 2% nuclear in MDCK cells to 30 ± 5% nuclear in ...
... type, we studied the distribution of these proteins in multiple cell lines including MDCK, COS-1, and porcine aortic endothelial (PAE) cells (Fig. 1, B and C) and ECV304 human bladder carcinoma, HeLa, and NIH 3T3 (not depicted). GFP-Rac1 ranged from 5 ± 2% nuclear in MDCK cells to 30 ± 5% nuclear in ...
Immune complexes formed following the binding of
... arterial and venular circulation. This can lead to limb- and life-threatening complications. Although the precise mechanism(s) of thrombosis is yet unestablished, evidence in literature supports a role for activated platelets, resulting procoagulants, and microparticles.13 Immune complexes also bind ...
... arterial and venular circulation. This can lead to limb- and life-threatening complications. Although the precise mechanism(s) of thrombosis is yet unestablished, evidence in literature supports a role for activated platelets, resulting procoagulants, and microparticles.13 Immune complexes also bind ...
NADPH oxidases as electrochemical generators to produce ion
... six transmembrane a-helices. EF—Ca2þ-binding EF-hand motif. PRR—proline-rich region, Src homology-3 domain. DUOX1 and DUOX2 were called dual oxidases because they have an additional ‘peroxidase’-like motif at their N-terminus on the outer surface of the membrane [27]. The product of the DUOXs is H2O ...
... six transmembrane a-helices. EF—Ca2þ-binding EF-hand motif. PRR—proline-rich region, Src homology-3 domain. DUOX1 and DUOX2 were called dual oxidases because they have an additional ‘peroxidase’-like motif at their N-terminus on the outer surface of the membrane [27]. The product of the DUOXs is H2O ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).