Degradation of plant cell wall polymers
... ostreatus, and Lentinula edodes and related species (Stamets & Chilton, 1983; Stamets, 1993), all grown on a range of substrates prepared from lignocellulose wastes such as straw and sawdust. These taxa have been widely used in physiological studies of cellulose and lignin decomposition in order to ...
... ostreatus, and Lentinula edodes and related species (Stamets & Chilton, 1983; Stamets, 1993), all grown on a range of substrates prepared from lignocellulose wastes such as straw and sawdust. These taxa have been widely used in physiological studies of cellulose and lignin decomposition in order to ...
Chloride Channels Regulate HIT Cell Volume but Cannot
... Insulin-secreting pancreatic islet -cells possess anionpermeable Clⴚ channels (ICl,islet) that are swelling-activated, but the role of these channels in the cells is unclear. The Clⴚ channel blockers 4,4ⴕ-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2ⴕ-disulfonic acid (DIDS) and niflumic acid were evaluated for their ...
... Insulin-secreting pancreatic islet -cells possess anionpermeable Clⴚ channels (ICl,islet) that are swelling-activated, but the role of these channels in the cells is unclear. The Clⴚ channel blockers 4,4ⴕ-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2ⴕ-disulfonic acid (DIDS) and niflumic acid were evaluated for their ...
Full Text - Plant and Cell Physiology
... interact with multiple CESA proteins and to be required for efficient sequestration of CESA6 from the PM (Bashline et al. 2013). Green fluorescent protein (GFP)–CESA endocytosis from the cell plate and from the plasma membrane has also been described in dividing cells (Miart et al. 2014). More recen ...
... interact with multiple CESA proteins and to be required for efficient sequestration of CESA6 from the PM (Bashline et al. 2013). Green fluorescent protein (GFP)–CESA endocytosis from the cell plate and from the plasma membrane has also been described in dividing cells (Miart et al. 2014). More recen ...
Identification of plant cytoskeleton-interacting proteins
... and extent of actin filament disassembly in a dose-dependent manner, but was not quite as potent as AtFIM1 under the identical conditions. The collective results strongly support the notion that ERD10 is capable of binding to either the side or the ends of actin filaments in vitro and alters the dyn ...
... and extent of actin filament disassembly in a dose-dependent manner, but was not quite as potent as AtFIM1 under the identical conditions. The collective results strongly support the notion that ERD10 is capable of binding to either the side or the ends of actin filaments in vitro and alters the dyn ...
Extracellular ATP Functions as an
... (Leitner et al., 1975; Unsworth and Johnson, 1990; Sorensen and Novak, 2001). The mechanisms by which plant cells and nonsecretory animal cells release ATP are still poorly understood, but there is evidence for the involvement of ABC transporters and anion channels (Abraham et al., 1993; Roman et al ...
... (Leitner et al., 1975; Unsworth and Johnson, 1990; Sorensen and Novak, 2001). The mechanisms by which plant cells and nonsecretory animal cells release ATP are still poorly understood, but there is evidence for the involvement of ABC transporters and anion channels (Abraham et al., 1993; Roman et al ...
the role of csf1 and zfpm1 in the preimplantation mouse
... remain as pluripotent epiblast (EPI) cells. These two important events are triggered by several factors including an individual cell´s relative position within the embryo, the development of embryonic and cellular polarity, differential gene expression, as well as cell signaling and epigenetic modif ...
... remain as pluripotent epiblast (EPI) cells. These two important events are triggered by several factors including an individual cell´s relative position within the embryo, the development of embryonic and cellular polarity, differential gene expression, as well as cell signaling and epigenetic modif ...
Lactic acid excretion by Streptococcus mutans
... generation of an electrochemical gradient across the cell membrane, thereby providing energy to the cell. Generation of an electrical potential can only be achieved if lactate leaves the cell with more than one proton. In this investigation the process of lactate efflux from S. mtltans was elucidate ...
... generation of an electrochemical gradient across the cell membrane, thereby providing energy to the cell. Generation of an electrical potential can only be achieved if lactate leaves the cell with more than one proton. In this investigation the process of lactate efflux from S. mtltans was elucidate ...
isolation, characterization, and expression of mouse icam
... in its promoter region, including a direct repeat, andlymphocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells, but is lacks transcription factor-binding sites present in strongly induced on these cells, and on fibroblasts and the ICAM-1 gene, which is inducible in endothelial epithelial cells, by a number o ...
... in its promoter region, including a direct repeat, andlymphocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells, but is lacks transcription factor-binding sites present in strongly induced on these cells, and on fibroblasts and the ICAM-1 gene, which is inducible in endothelial epithelial cells, by a number o ...
PDF - Blood Journal
... megakaryocytes (MKs) in a process that transforms the entire MK cytoplasm into long pseudopodia known as proplatelets.1-3 Nascent platelets are assembled within these structures.4 The need for dramatic cytoplasmic and cytoskeletal reorganization and concomitant assembly of anucleate platelets presen ...
... megakaryocytes (MKs) in a process that transforms the entire MK cytoplasm into long pseudopodia known as proplatelets.1-3 Nascent platelets are assembled within these structures.4 The need for dramatic cytoplasmic and cytoskeletal reorganization and concomitant assembly of anucleate platelets presen ...
division plane orientation in plant cells
... transversely while others divide longitudinally. 2.1.4 A role for extracellular signals Some cells do not abide by the geometrical rules that predict the division planes of most plant cells. Divisions that occur in response to wounding are a clear example. Upon injury, cells close to the wound are i ...
... transversely while others divide longitudinally. 2.1.4 A role for extracellular signals Some cells do not abide by the geometrical rules that predict the division planes of most plant cells. Divisions that occur in response to wounding are a clear example. Upon injury, cells close to the wound are i ...
Intercellular signalling and the multiplication of prokaryotes
... mainly polypeptidic or proteinaceous) extracellular growth factors for successful cell division (and even survival (Raff, 1992)). These factors are nowadays usually referred to as cytokines (Callard & Gearing, 1994; Hardie, 1991), and their role is generally understood (cf. (Levine & Prystowsky, ...
... mainly polypeptidic or proteinaceous) extracellular growth factors for successful cell division (and even survival (Raff, 1992)). These factors are nowadays usually referred to as cytokines (Callard & Gearing, 1994; Hardie, 1991), and their role is generally understood (cf. (Levine & Prystowsky, ...
Cellular Membranes
... • At the surface of a cell, the plasma membrane separates the intracellular fluid (ICF or cytosol) from the extracellular fluid (ECF) of a cell • Provides a means to communicate with other cells • Provides a gateway for exchange between the ECF and ICF – the arrangement of phospholipids in a bilayer ...
... • At the surface of a cell, the plasma membrane separates the intracellular fluid (ICF or cytosol) from the extracellular fluid (ECF) of a cell • Provides a means to communicate with other cells • Provides a gateway for exchange between the ECF and ICF – the arrangement of phospholipids in a bilayer ...
Salmonella must be viable in order to attach to the
... Most of the starch was removed at this stage by filtering on a 100-lm mesh nylon cloth. The material was washed with 10 l of water, re-suspended in water and homogenized (16 000 rev min)1 for 1 min), and then filtered and washed again on a 100-lm mesh nylon cloth. Absence of starch was assessed by s ...
... Most of the starch was removed at this stage by filtering on a 100-lm mesh nylon cloth. The material was washed with 10 l of water, re-suspended in water and homogenized (16 000 rev min)1 for 1 min), and then filtered and washed again on a 100-lm mesh nylon cloth. Absence of starch was assessed by s ...
Cell cycle control of cell morphogenesis in Caulobacter Jennifer C
... message, and in vitro experiments have demonstrated that this binding activity requires at least one other protein present in C. crescentus cell extracts [40••]. In addition to extending the half-life, flbT mutants also continue to express fljK in stalked cells [39]. Thus, FlbT can be considered as ...
... message, and in vitro experiments have demonstrated that this binding activity requires at least one other protein present in C. crescentus cell extracts [40••]. In addition to extending the half-life, flbT mutants also continue to express fljK in stalked cells [39]. Thus, FlbT can be considered as ...
Chapter 4 Review Questions
... 39. The statement “Cells are produced only from existing cells” is part of the ____________________. 40. The ratio of surface area to ____________________ puts limitations on a cell’s size. 41. Eukaryotic cells are much larger and have more specialized functions than prokaryotic cells because they c ...
... 39. The statement “Cells are produced only from existing cells” is part of the ____________________. 40. The ratio of surface area to ____________________ puts limitations on a cell’s size. 41. Eukaryotic cells are much larger and have more specialized functions than prokaryotic cells because they c ...
Recruitment of lymphocytes to the human liver
... gut via the portal veins. This complex supply is necessary to allow nutrients from the gut to be transported to the liver, which is thus constantly exposed to gut-derived antigens in the portal blood. Because portal blood also presents a route through which infectious organisms can enter the liver, ...
... gut via the portal veins. This complex supply is necessary to allow nutrients from the gut to be transported to the liver, which is thus constantly exposed to gut-derived antigens in the portal blood. Because portal blood also presents a route through which infectious organisms can enter the liver, ...
Cytokinesis in Tobacco BY-2 and Root Tip Cells: A New Model of
... cells were grown in modified Linsmaier and Skoog medium and subcultured every 7 d (Nagata et al., 1992). Cell division was synchronized using the technique of Kakimoto and Shiboaka (1988). An aliquot of 5 ml of cell suspension, 5-8 d after subculturing, was added to 95 ml of medium containing 5 ~g/m ...
... cells were grown in modified Linsmaier and Skoog medium and subcultured every 7 d (Nagata et al., 1992). Cell division was synchronized using the technique of Kakimoto and Shiboaka (1988). An aliquot of 5 ml of cell suspension, 5-8 d after subculturing, was added to 95 ml of medium containing 5 ~g/m ...
The Arabidopsis TRM1-TON1 interaction reveals a recruitment
... (Figure 2), plus a few isolated ones. Apart from the six motifs, no significant similarity is detectable between groups. TRMs are rather large (80 kD on average) and charged proteins, covering a large range of pI from 4.3 to 10.6. They often contain a large positively charged domain of 150 to 300 re ...
... (Figure 2), plus a few isolated ones. Apart from the six motifs, no significant similarity is detectable between groups. TRMs are rather large (80 kD on average) and charged proteins, covering a large range of pI from 4.3 to 10.6. They often contain a large positively charged domain of 150 to 300 re ...
SNAREs: Cogs and Coordinators in Signaling
... Point mutations in VAM3 cause defects in growth (Ohtomo et al., 2005) and in shoot gravitropism (Yano et al., 2003; see below). Perhaps the best studied SNARE subfamily in vacuolar trafficking is the VTI1 group of v-SNAREs. VTI11 and VTI12 are partially redundant in function, as a double mutation is ...
... Point mutations in VAM3 cause defects in growth (Ohtomo et al., 2005) and in shoot gravitropism (Yano et al., 2003; see below). Perhaps the best studied SNARE subfamily in vacuolar trafficking is the VTI1 group of v-SNAREs. VTI11 and VTI12 are partially redundant in function, as a double mutation is ...
Plant nuclear proteomics inside the cell maestro
... The eukaryotic nucleus is highly dynamic and complex, containing several subcompartments, several types of DNA and RNA, and a wide range of proteins. Interactions between these components within the nucleus form part of a complex regulatory system that is only partially understood. Rapid improvement ...
... The eukaryotic nucleus is highly dynamic and complex, containing several subcompartments, several types of DNA and RNA, and a wide range of proteins. Interactions between these components within the nucleus form part of a complex regulatory system that is only partially understood. Rapid improvement ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).