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... pattern consists of a longitudinal band of stained cells. The lateral edge of this band is smooth but from its medial edge a finger of stained cells projects toward the ventral midline in each segment (Fig. 3a, upper). In six of the nine embryos examined in this experiment, the labeled blast cell pr ...
... pattern consists of a longitudinal band of stained cells. The lateral edge of this band is smooth but from its medial edge a finger of stained cells projects toward the ventral midline in each segment (Fig. 3a, upper). In six of the nine embryos examined in this experiment, the labeled blast cell pr ...
Brassinosteroids Regulate Plasma Membrane Anion Channels in
... electrical responses (Lohse and Hedrich 1992, Zimmermann et al. 1994). Osmotic and electrical relationships in plants are closely linked by the ion transporters in the plasma membrane. The proton pump generates an H+ electrochemical gradient, and provides a driving force for the rapid ion fluxes req ...
... electrical responses (Lohse and Hedrich 1992, Zimmermann et al. 1994). Osmotic and electrical relationships in plants are closely linked by the ion transporters in the plasma membrane. The proton pump generates an H+ electrochemical gradient, and provides a driving force for the rapid ion fluxes req ...
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... death of RB neurons, whereas overexpression of Cdk5 decreases the RB cell death (Kanungo et al., 2006). Interestingly, a reduction in sodium currents either by an inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels or by antisense-mediated knockdown of an subunit of voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav1.6a) ...
... death of RB neurons, whereas overexpression of Cdk5 decreases the RB cell death (Kanungo et al., 2006). Interestingly, a reduction in sodium currents either by an inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels or by antisense-mediated knockdown of an subunit of voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav1.6a) ...
Cyclin synthesis and degradation and the embryonic cell cycle
... synthesis, microtubule assembly, or even removing the egg nucleus all fail to prevent the regular oscillation of interphase and mitotic states (Hara et a l. 1980). This cell cycle has therefore been called an autonomous oscillator, to indicate that there is some biochemical machinery that oscillates ...
... synthesis, microtubule assembly, or even removing the egg nucleus all fail to prevent the regular oscillation of interphase and mitotic states (Hara et a l. 1980). This cell cycle has therefore been called an autonomous oscillator, to indicate that there is some biochemical machinery that oscillates ...
Surface probe measurements of the elasticity of sectioned tissue
... favorable surface. ‘Rheobiology’ aptly describes the phenomena while suggesting tissuelevel mechanisms. ...
... favorable surface. ‘Rheobiology’ aptly describes the phenomena while suggesting tissuelevel mechanisms. ...
A myosin inhibitor impairs auxin
... 2000). Meanwhile, myosins are grouped into 18 classes according to the conserved head domain (Yamashita et al. 2000). This conserved head domain harbors the binding to actin and the ATPase functions and thus the essential components for the power stroke that has been studied at length for the muscle ...
... 2000). Meanwhile, myosins are grouped into 18 classes according to the conserved head domain (Yamashita et al. 2000). This conserved head domain harbors the binding to actin and the ATPase functions and thus the essential components for the power stroke that has been studied at length for the muscle ...
Asymmetric Cell Division as a Route to Reduction in Cell Length
... One day after being taken up by a tsetse fly, bloodstream form trypanosomes have differentiated into proliferating procyclic trypomastigotes and have a range of kinetoplast and nucleus morphologies indicating that the cells are in various stages of the cell cycle from G1 to completion of mitosis (Fi ...
... One day after being taken up by a tsetse fly, bloodstream form trypanosomes have differentiated into proliferating procyclic trypomastigotes and have a range of kinetoplast and nucleus morphologies indicating that the cells are in various stages of the cell cycle from G1 to completion of mitosis (Fi ...
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... Many studies on a molecular and a cellular scale have allowed a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the establishment of the different tissues during plant development. Tissues grow in a well-organized fashion which shapes the plant’s final structure. Plant growth is the result of two ...
... Many studies on a molecular and a cellular scale have allowed a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the establishment of the different tissues during plant development. Tissues grow in a well-organized fashion which shapes the plant’s final structure. Plant growth is the result of two ...
The centrosome orientation checkpoint is germline stem cell specific
... Caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis, a series of asymmetric divisions to generate distinct cellular lineages is achieved by stereotypical spindle orientation, some of which are mediated by the programmed rotation of spindles (Goldstein, 2000; Sawa, 2012). In these examples, it is predicted that cel ...
... Caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis, a series of asymmetric divisions to generate distinct cellular lineages is achieved by stereotypical spindle orientation, some of which are mediated by the programmed rotation of spindles (Goldstein, 2000; Sawa, 2012). In these examples, it is predicted that cel ...
Effects of Lignification, Cellulose Crystallinity and Enzyme
... cell wall polysaccharide digestion is also unknown, but it is possible that thi s limitation is due to lignin's physical protection of cell wall carbohydrates and its hydrophobic c haracter (Van Soest, 1982). The physical protection and hydrophobic nature of core lignin would exclude microbes from r ...
... cell wall polysaccharide digestion is also unknown, but it is possible that thi s limitation is due to lignin's physical protection of cell wall carbohydrates and its hydrophobic c haracter (Van Soest, 1982). The physical protection and hydrophobic nature of core lignin would exclude microbes from r ...
Apigenin
... patients. The hyperactivation of microglia contributes to neurotoxicity. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that antiinflammatory compounds modulate the progression of cell cycle and induce apoptosis of the activated cells. We investigated the effects of ibuprofen (non-steroidal anti-infl ...
... patients. The hyperactivation of microglia contributes to neurotoxicity. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that antiinflammatory compounds modulate the progression of cell cycle and induce apoptosis of the activated cells. We investigated the effects of ibuprofen (non-steroidal anti-infl ...
Plastid degeneration in Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae) provides
... Similar structures were found by Rose et al. (2006) in isolated starving Arabidopis thaliana cell. Such an autophagic process might lead to a structure containing several concentric membranes, thus a MLB. However, it is not known how long these membranes might persist in such an autolytic vacuole. P ...
... Similar structures were found by Rose et al. (2006) in isolated starving Arabidopis thaliana cell. Such an autophagic process might lead to a structure containing several concentric membranes, thus a MLB. However, it is not known how long these membranes might persist in such an autolytic vacuole. P ...
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... Abstract— S erum; a clear portion of blood obtained after removing cells, platelets and clotting factors is a universal supplement commonly used in media for mammalian cell culture system. Serum contains amino acids, proteins, growth factors, hormones, vitamins, inorganic substances, nutrients and m ...
... Abstract— S erum; a clear portion of blood obtained after removing cells, platelets and clotting factors is a universal supplement commonly used in media for mammalian cell culture system. Serum contains amino acids, proteins, growth factors, hormones, vitamins, inorganic substances, nutrients and m ...
Review The Role of Laminin in Embryonic Cell Polarization and
... membrane assembly and cell polarization, with subsequent effects on cell survival and tissue organization during metazoan embryogenesis. These functions depend upon the cooperation between laminin polymerization and cell anchorage mediated via interactions with 1-integrins, dystroglycan, and other ...
... membrane assembly and cell polarization, with subsequent effects on cell survival and tissue organization during metazoan embryogenesis. These functions depend upon the cooperation between laminin polymerization and cell anchorage mediated via interactions with 1-integrins, dystroglycan, and other ...
Get PDF file - Botanik in Bonn
... MTs with PM-associated cellulose synthase complexes (Hasezawa and Nozaki, 1999[86]; Kimura et al., 1999[111]) are considered to be responsible for the MT-dependent polarity of diffuse cell growth (Green, 1984[72]; Williamson, 1991[233]). The biophysical constraints of the system determine that the o ...
... MTs with PM-associated cellulose synthase complexes (Hasezawa and Nozaki, 1999[86]; Kimura et al., 1999[111]) are considered to be responsible for the MT-dependent polarity of diffuse cell growth (Green, 1984[72]; Williamson, 1991[233]). The biophysical constraints of the system determine that the o ...
Expansion of the phragmoplast during plant cytokinesis: a MAPK
... in response to MT-disassembly signals generated in the TVN/TN. There is, however, still a possibility that NPK1 might be involved in some of the earlier steps if inhibition by the dominant-negative mutant were not complete. The identification of downstream targets of NPK1 will be decisive in complet ...
... in response to MT-disassembly signals generated in the TVN/TN. There is, however, still a possibility that NPK1 might be involved in some of the earlier steps if inhibition by the dominant-negative mutant were not complete. The identification of downstream targets of NPK1 will be decisive in complet ...
PDF - Hormones.gr
... of the genes involved in the process of autophagy has provided insight into the involvement of various molecular pathways. Growing evidence has indicated that diminished autophagic activity may play a pivotal role in the aging process. Cellular aging is characterized by a progressive accumulation of ...
... of the genes involved in the process of autophagy has provided insight into the involvement of various molecular pathways. Growing evidence has indicated that diminished autophagic activity may play a pivotal role in the aging process. Cellular aging is characterized by a progressive accumulation of ...
Characterization of the unconventional myosin VIII in plant cells and
... The distribution of myosin VIII, actin and microtubules during stages in the cell cycle in root meristems in higher plants are shown in Figures 2 and 3 and are summarised in the schematic drawings in Figure 6. At the onset of mitosis (prophase), actin is localised as dense irregular networks surroun ...
... The distribution of myosin VIII, actin and microtubules during stages in the cell cycle in root meristems in higher plants are shown in Figures 2 and 3 and are summarised in the schematic drawings in Figure 6. At the onset of mitosis (prophase), actin is localised as dense irregular networks surroun ...
Neurotrophins: the biological paradox of survival factors
... potential death-inducing agents is not original, since several in vivo studies had previously indicated that NGF might act as a death inducing agent. Injection of the 192-IgG monoclonal antibody specific for rat p75 (Chandler et al, 1984; Taniuchi and Johnson, 1985) resulted in decreased number of c ...
... potential death-inducing agents is not original, since several in vivo studies had previously indicated that NGF might act as a death inducing agent. Injection of the 192-IgG monoclonal antibody specific for rat p75 (Chandler et al, 1984; Taniuchi and Johnson, 1985) resulted in decreased number of c ...
Supplemental Figure Legends
... m was preserved in Ppif-/- MEFs. As a positive control, addition of 50 M carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP), a mitochondrial uncoupler, was able to dissipate mitochondrial in both Ppif+/+ and Ppif-/- MEFs (data were collected from 2 independent experiments each perfor ...
... m was preserved in Ppif-/- MEFs. As a positive control, addition of 50 M carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP), a mitochondrial uncoupler, was able to dissipate mitochondrial in both Ppif+/+ and Ppif-/- MEFs (data were collected from 2 independent experiments each perfor ...
Organelle communication - Repositorio Académico
... serving as a platform that anchors molecular complexes to subcellular regions. Fact 3. Organelle interfaces serve as nucleation sites for pathways such as stress signals, mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy. Fact 4. Organelle communication regulates important cellular processes such as metabolism, ...
... serving as a platform that anchors molecular complexes to subcellular regions. Fact 3. Organelle interfaces serve as nucleation sites for pathways such as stress signals, mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy. Fact 4. Organelle communication regulates important cellular processes such as metabolism, ...
The Drosophila wing differentiation factor Vestigial
... Figure 2 vg drives the cell cycle. All discs are orientated in the same way with the posterior compartment to the right. Anti-BrdU antibody marks cells in the S phase in third instar wing disc. (a) Canton-S wild-type disc: all cells are uniformly stained except the zone of nonproliferating cells (ZN ...
... Figure 2 vg drives the cell cycle. All discs are orientated in the same way with the posterior compartment to the right. Anti-BrdU antibody marks cells in the S phase in third instar wing disc. (a) Canton-S wild-type disc: all cells are uniformly stained except the zone of nonproliferating cells (ZN ...
Low Catecholamine Concentrations Protect Adult Rat Ventricular
... the trophic effects of which are well established (Sadoshima et al., 1995) but which was also recently identified as a potent proapoptotic agent (Kajstura et al., 1997). These observations are also in keeping with our current knowledge of apoptosis, a tightly regulated biological process controlled ...
... the trophic effects of which are well established (Sadoshima et al., 1995) but which was also recently identified as a potent proapoptotic agent (Kajstura et al., 1997). These observations are also in keeping with our current knowledge of apoptosis, a tightly regulated biological process controlled ...
Programmed cell death
Programmed cell-death (or PCD) is death of a cell in any form, mediated by an intracellular program. PCD is carried out in a regulated process, which usually confers advantage during an organism's life-cycle. For example, the differentiation of fingers and toes in a developing human embryo occurs because cells between the fingers apoptose; the result is that the digits are separate. PCD serves fundamental functions during both plant and metazoa (multicellular animals) tissue development.Apoptosis and autophagy are both forms of programmed cell death, but necrosis is a non-physiological process that occurs as a result of infection or injury.Necrosis is the death of a cell caused by external factors such as trauma or infection and occurs in several different forms. Recently a form of programmed necrosis, called necroptosis, has been recognized as an alternate form of programmed cell death. It is hypothesized that necroptosis can serve as a cell-death backup to apoptosis when the apoptosis signaling is blocked by endogenous or exogenous factors such as viruses or mutations.