Regulation of Chlamydomonas flagella and ependymal cell motile
... and generates plant sphingolipids 450 nm. At a concentration of myriocin as low as 5 nM, approxiThere is no prior information on the presence of sphingolipids or mately half of the cells were immotile (Figure 3B). At 10 nM myrioenzymes required for sphingolipid biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas. cin, ph ...
... and generates plant sphingolipids 450 nm. At a concentration of myriocin as low as 5 nM, approxiThere is no prior information on the presence of sphingolipids or mately half of the cells were immotile (Figure 3B). At 10 nM myrioenzymes required for sphingolipid biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas. cin, ph ...
The paradox of elongation factor 4: highly conserved, yet of no
... The ribosome is a universally conserved ribonucleoprotein machine present in all living cells which uses aa-tRNA (aminoacyl-tRNA) substrates to translate genomic information encoded in an mRNA [1–5]. Translation can be roughly divided into four stages: initiation, elongation, termination of protein ...
... The ribosome is a universally conserved ribonucleoprotein machine present in all living cells which uses aa-tRNA (aminoacyl-tRNA) substrates to translate genomic information encoded in an mRNA [1–5]. Translation can be roughly divided into four stages: initiation, elongation, termination of protein ...
Essential oils in food preservation
... will provide an overview of what is currently known about the antimicrobial properties and the mode of action of selected essential oil constituents. Although studies have been performed on the mode of action of some essential oils (Table 1), analyzing the mode of action behind each constituent in t ...
... will provide an overview of what is currently known about the antimicrobial properties and the mode of action of selected essential oil constituents. Although studies have been performed on the mode of action of some essential oils (Table 1), analyzing the mode of action behind each constituent in t ...
Auxin and other signals on the move in plants
... Short-range transport. Membranes of plant cells are not in direct contact with each other because of the presence of a cellulose-based cell wall. Thus, molecules have three possibilities for short-range movement: (i) transport inside the cell wall, without entering the cell (apoplastic transport); ( ...
... Short-range transport. Membranes of plant cells are not in direct contact with each other because of the presence of a cellulose-based cell wall. Thus, molecules have three possibilities for short-range movement: (i) transport inside the cell wall, without entering the cell (apoplastic transport); ( ...
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Whereby the Apical Ectodermal
... Developmental biology is becoming an increasingly important area of study, with research only scratching the surface of the many complex processes involved in the process of making an ordered form. There are many facets of developmental biology; some focusing on cellular mechanisms and behavior with ...
... Developmental biology is becoming an increasingly important area of study, with research only scratching the surface of the many complex processes involved in the process of making an ordered form. There are many facets of developmental biology; some focusing on cellular mechanisms and behavior with ...
Cell Biology - Models NF
... NF-kB activity is regulated by a family of inhibitors termed IkB which include IkB, IkB, IkB, the p105 and p100 precursors, and Bcl-3. Specifically, the IkBs binds to NF-kB and keeps it sequestered in an inactive state in the cytosol. Following cellular activation (by many different stimuli ( ...
... NF-kB activity is regulated by a family of inhibitors termed IkB which include IkB, IkB, IkB, the p105 and p100 precursors, and Bcl-3. Specifically, the IkBs binds to NF-kB and keeps it sequestered in an inactive state in the cytosol. Following cellular activation (by many different stimuli ( ...
MUSCLE FATIGUE
... turn reduces Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from the SR). In vertebrate skeletal muscle, there have been a number of evolutionary changes, probably to enhance the speed and control of Ca 2+ release and hence contraction. Firstly, the influx of extracellular Ca 2+ is not necessary for triggering Ca2+ rele ...
... turn reduces Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from the SR). In vertebrate skeletal muscle, there have been a number of evolutionary changes, probably to enhance the speed and control of Ca 2+ release and hence contraction. Firstly, the influx of extracellular Ca 2+ is not necessary for triggering Ca2+ rele ...
Patent ductus arteriosus in mice with smooth muscle
... embedded in resin at 70°C for 48 hours. Sections (90 nm) were collected on a 300-mesh copper grid and stained with 2% uranyl acetate and Reynold’s lead, then viewed on a JEOL 1230 JM transmission electron microscope. For light microscopy, histological and immunofluorescent images were taken with a Z ...
... embedded in resin at 70°C for 48 hours. Sections (90 nm) were collected on a 300-mesh copper grid and stained with 2% uranyl acetate and Reynold’s lead, then viewed on a JEOL 1230 JM transmission electron microscope. For light microscopy, histological and immunofluorescent images were taken with a Z ...
Exosome Biogenesis, Regulation, and Function in Viral Infection
... cholesterol-rich that was destined for secretion, and the other cholesterol-poor, which was destined for degradation [28]. Conversely, two sub-populations of MVBs differing in the presence or absence of lysobisphospatidic acid have been described. For example, EGF and its receptor (EGFR) are only pr ...
... cholesterol-rich that was destined for secretion, and the other cholesterol-poor, which was destined for degradation [28]. Conversely, two sub-populations of MVBs differing in the presence or absence of lysobisphospatidic acid have been described. For example, EGF and its receptor (EGFR) are only pr ...
Glucose Regulation by Dr Sarma
... Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Receptor Auto-phosphorylation of TK (Obesity) Receptor tyrosine kinases ...
... Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Receptor Auto-phosphorylation of TK (Obesity) Receptor tyrosine kinases ...
Enzymes | Principles of Biology from Nature Education
... Most chemical reactions in cells do not happen fast enough on their own to support life. They require catalysis, or acceleration of a chemical reaction by a catalyst that is not consumed by the reaction. Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions inside cells. The word enzyme ...
... Most chemical reactions in cells do not happen fast enough on their own to support life. They require catalysis, or acceleration of a chemical reaction by a catalyst that is not consumed by the reaction. Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions inside cells. The word enzyme ...
Amino acid transporters: roles in amino acid sensing and signalling
... Amino acid availability regulates cellular physiology by modulating gene expression and signal transduction pathways. However, although the signalling intermediates between nutrient availability and altered gene expression have become increasingly well documented, how eukaryotic cells sense the pres ...
... Amino acid availability regulates cellular physiology by modulating gene expression and signal transduction pathways. However, although the signalling intermediates between nutrient availability and altered gene expression have become increasingly well documented, how eukaryotic cells sense the pres ...
Methodology for predicting semantic annotations of protein
... and machine learning algorithms applied to protein sequence data sets. The second part comprises all the methods used in the proposed methodology for extracting and modeling of features derived of the protein sequences and the classification of proteins using those features. The third part of the th ...
... and machine learning algorithms applied to protein sequence data sets. The second part comprises all the methods used in the proposed methodology for extracting and modeling of features derived of the protein sequences and the classification of proteins using those features. The third part of the th ...
Amino Acids
... specific aa’s combined into regular 2º structural elements. • In contrast to globular proteins, whose shapes result from complex interactions b/w 2º, 3º, and sometimes 4º elements. ...
... specific aa’s combined into regular 2º structural elements. • In contrast to globular proteins, whose shapes result from complex interactions b/w 2º, 3º, and sometimes 4º elements. ...
PDF
... exert such different effects. The netrin receptor Frazzled (Fra), the Drosophila homologue of DCC/UNC-40, can act either in a cell-autonomous fashion in the netrin-responding cell or noncell-autonomously by localising netrin distribution (Bhat et al., 2007; Garbe and Bashaw, 2007; Hiramoto and Hirom ...
... exert such different effects. The netrin receptor Frazzled (Fra), the Drosophila homologue of DCC/UNC-40, can act either in a cell-autonomous fashion in the netrin-responding cell or noncell-autonomously by localising netrin distribution (Bhat et al., 2007; Garbe and Bashaw, 2007; Hiramoto and Hirom ...
A Multifunctional Cell Surface Developmental Stage
... In outline, the immunoprecipitation and fractionation of the DSS-8 antigen entails the biotinylation of all proteins, solubilization in 1% CHAPS, incubation with immobilized mAb, extensive washing of the antigen-mAb complex, elution of the antigen, fractionation by SDS-PAGE, transfer to nitrocellul ...
... In outline, the immunoprecipitation and fractionation of the DSS-8 antigen entails the biotinylation of all proteins, solubilization in 1% CHAPS, incubation with immobilized mAb, extensive washing of the antigen-mAb complex, elution of the antigen, fractionation by SDS-PAGE, transfer to nitrocellul ...
Pathogenesis of lung cancer signalling pathways: roadmap for therapies SERIES ‘‘LUNG CANCER’’
... cell. This candidate stem cell is capable of differentiation towards either ciliated or mucous cells, which can give rise to central ADC and possibly neuroendocrine cells of terminal bronchioles [2, 10–12]. The terminal respiratory unit, consisting of the peripheral compartment respiratory bronchiol ...
... cell. This candidate stem cell is capable of differentiation towards either ciliated or mucous cells, which can give rise to central ADC and possibly neuroendocrine cells of terminal bronchioles [2, 10–12]. The terminal respiratory unit, consisting of the peripheral compartment respiratory bronchiol ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... increased only in SI-induced pollen tubes, with maximal levels detected at 12–14 h after SI induction and not in compatible controls grown for the same length of time (Jordan et al., 2000; Thomas and Franklin-Tong, 2004). Subsequently it was shown that addition of the caspase-3 inhibitor, Ac-DEVDCHO ...
... increased only in SI-induced pollen tubes, with maximal levels detected at 12–14 h after SI induction and not in compatible controls grown for the same length of time (Jordan et al., 2000; Thomas and Franklin-Tong, 2004). Subsequently it was shown that addition of the caspase-3 inhibitor, Ac-DEVDCHO ...
RCAI Annual Report 2006 (PDF 5.6M)
... rather than competing with the universities, can complement the university research system. What is most significant with RCAI is the focus on young investigators at the beginning of their career. Well over two-thirds of the research laboratories at the Center are lead by young investigators, many o ...
... rather than competing with the universities, can complement the university research system. What is most significant with RCAI is the focus on young investigators at the beginning of their career. Well over two-thirds of the research laboratories at the Center are lead by young investigators, many o ...
Cis-trans peptide variations in structurally similar proteins.
... found to be conserved in similar structures. A different view using Protein Block based description of backbone conformation, suggests that many of the local conformational changes are highly different from the general local structural variations observed among structurally similar proteins. Changes ...
... found to be conserved in similar structures. A different view using Protein Block based description of backbone conformation, suggests that many of the local conformational changes are highly different from the general local structural variations observed among structurally similar proteins. Changes ...
Capacitation-associated Changes in Protein
... ABSTRACT : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Ca2+, HCO3- and BSA on the in vitro capacitation-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation, hyperactivation and acrosome reaction in guinea pig sperm. Caudal epididymal sperm were incubated in four different groups: modified TALP (Tyr ...
... ABSTRACT : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Ca2+, HCO3- and BSA on the in vitro capacitation-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation, hyperactivation and acrosome reaction in guinea pig sperm. Caudal epididymal sperm were incubated in four different groups: modified TALP (Tyr ...
Jasmonate Biosynthesis, Perception and Function in Plant
... compounds represent a highly diverse group of substances that are involved in a number of developmental processes and various stress responses in plants (Andersson et al., 2006). Plant oxylipins can be formed enzymatically, by initial oxidation by lipoxygenases (LOXs) or α-dioxygenases (α-DOXs); how ...
... compounds represent a highly diverse group of substances that are involved in a number of developmental processes and various stress responses in plants (Andersson et al., 2006). Plant oxylipins can be formed enzymatically, by initial oxidation by lipoxygenases (LOXs) or α-dioxygenases (α-DOXs); how ...
estrogen receptor by cyclin D1 Ligand
... Chambon 1988; Beato 1989). These two regions flank the DNA-binding domain of the receptor. On ligand binding, ER binds to estrogen-responsive elements, which results in activation of specific ER target genes (Beato 1989). It is generally thought that nuclear receptors stimulate transcription through ...
... Chambon 1988; Beato 1989). These two regions flank the DNA-binding domain of the receptor. On ligand binding, ER binds to estrogen-responsive elements, which results in activation of specific ER target genes (Beato 1989). It is generally thought that nuclear receptors stimulate transcription through ...
Nociceptors: the sensors of the pain pathway
... glutamate as their primary neurotransmitter as well as other components including peptides (e.g., substance P, calcitonin generelated peptide [CGRP], somatostatin) important in both central synaptic signaling and efferent signaling in the skin (13). Invasion of action potentials into the nociceptor ...
... glutamate as their primary neurotransmitter as well as other components including peptides (e.g., substance P, calcitonin generelated peptide [CGRP], somatostatin) important in both central synaptic signaling and efferent signaling in the skin (13). Invasion of action potentials into the nociceptor ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.