Chapter 48
... Modulated Signaling at Synapses In some synapses, a neurotransmitter binds to a receptor that is metabotropic In this case, movement of ions through a channel depends on one or more metabolic steps Binding of a neurotransmitter to a metabotropic receptor activates a signal transduction pathwa ...
... Modulated Signaling at Synapses In some synapses, a neurotransmitter binds to a receptor that is metabotropic In this case, movement of ions through a channel depends on one or more metabolic steps Binding of a neurotransmitter to a metabotropic receptor activates a signal transduction pathwa ...
A novel approach for protein subcellular location prediction using
... the protein as a proxy for location based on the hypothesis that the physicochemical properties of the residues of a protein must be somehow coupled to the physicochemical properties of the environment where the protein performs its function; therefore the differences between environments will be im ...
... the protein as a proxy for location based on the hypothesis that the physicochemical properties of the residues of a protein must be somehow coupled to the physicochemical properties of the environment where the protein performs its function; therefore the differences between environments will be im ...
Molecular Pathways of Endoplasmic Reticulum
... A physiological balance of ions is required for majority of cellular functions. On the other hand, factors which can damage neural cells may lead to ionic dysbalance and dysregulation of cytoplasmic and intraorganellar ionic homeostasis. Several biologically active substances including Ca2+ play a r ...
... A physiological balance of ions is required for majority of cellular functions. On the other hand, factors which can damage neural cells may lead to ionic dysbalance and dysregulation of cytoplasmic and intraorganellar ionic homeostasis. Several biologically active substances including Ca2+ play a r ...
Not Every Disulfide Lasts Forever: Disulfide Bond
... The reduction and deregulation of OxyR has been shown to be conducted by members of the glutaredoxin system (3, 73). Interestingly, oxidized, active OxyR has the same DNA binding affinity as reduced inactive OxyR. But whereas reduced OxyR binds only to two adjacent major DNA grooves, oxidized OxyR b ...
... The reduction and deregulation of OxyR has been shown to be conducted by members of the glutaredoxin system (3, 73). Interestingly, oxidized, active OxyR has the same DNA binding affinity as reduced inactive OxyR. But whereas reduced OxyR binds only to two adjacent major DNA grooves, oxidized OxyR b ...
pdf-version
... Installation & Requirements of the Server software ............................................................... 20 Implementation details............................................................................................................ 21 Protter Server.................................. ...
... Installation & Requirements of the Server software ............................................................... 20 Implementation details............................................................................................................ 21 Protter Server.................................. ...
a r t I C l e S
... Clearance of apoptotic cells is not just for waste disposal. Noningested apoptotic cells typically undergo secondary necrosis, which not only activates immature dendritic cells to become immunogenic, but also exposes normally sequestered self-antigens18, resulting in an increased risk for autoimmune ...
... Clearance of apoptotic cells is not just for waste disposal. Noningested apoptotic cells typically undergo secondary necrosis, which not only activates immature dendritic cells to become immunogenic, but also exposes normally sequestered self-antigens18, resulting in an increased risk for autoimmune ...
Document
... ATP, adenosine triphosphate, is the energy currency of cells. – ATP is the immediate source of energy that powers most forms of cellular work. – It is composed of adenine (a nitrogenous base), ribose (a five-carbon sugar), and three phosphate groups. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... ATP, adenosine triphosphate, is the energy currency of cells. – ATP is the immediate source of energy that powers most forms of cellular work. – It is composed of adenine (a nitrogenous base), ribose (a five-carbon sugar), and three phosphate groups. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Motoneurons Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Develop
... No hit No hit No hit No hit No hit No hit No hit No hit No hit Binding and catalytic activity and enzyme regulator activity Binding and catalytic activity and enzyme regulator activity No hit No hit Receptor activity and structural molecule activity and receptor activity ...
... No hit No hit No hit No hit No hit No hit No hit No hit No hit Binding and catalytic activity and enzyme regulator activity Binding and catalytic activity and enzyme regulator activity No hit No hit Receptor activity and structural molecule activity and receptor activity ...
- Mochtar Riady Institute
... HLA-DR and CD11c were then used for further MDDC characterization. In the presence of 0.091 µM D2-AFP or D3-AFP, MDDC culture failed to up-regulate HLADR. In contrast, 0.091 µM D1-AFP treated MDDC culture showed high level of HLADR expression. The effect of D2-AFP and D3-AFP on the expression of HLA ...
... HLA-DR and CD11c were then used for further MDDC characterization. In the presence of 0.091 µM D2-AFP or D3-AFP, MDDC culture failed to up-regulate HLADR. In contrast, 0.091 µM D1-AFP treated MDDC culture showed high level of HLADR expression. The effect of D2-AFP and D3-AFP on the expression of HLA ...
E3R Game 1 Order That Student Copy
... A. Receptors are ligand gated sodium ion channels which allow Na+ to enter the postsynaptic neuron (or muscle) and triggers an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron (or muscle contraction) B. Action potential gets to the end of the presynaptic axon C. The Ca++ triggers synaptic vesicles locate ...
... A. Receptors are ligand gated sodium ion channels which allow Na+ to enter the postsynaptic neuron (or muscle) and triggers an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron (or muscle contraction) B. Action potential gets to the end of the presynaptic axon C. The Ca++ triggers synaptic vesicles locate ...
The main contributors to the field of microbiology and antibiotic
... Vancomycin is isolated from a bacterium Nocardia orientalis. Vancomycin is a tricyclic glycopeptide with a large molecular weight of 1449 D. It is active against most Gram-positive bacteria. It is especially important in the treatment of infections due to methicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant org ...
... Vancomycin is isolated from a bacterium Nocardia orientalis. Vancomycin is a tricyclic glycopeptide with a large molecular weight of 1449 D. It is active against most Gram-positive bacteria. It is especially important in the treatment of infections due to methicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant org ...
Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
... to intravenous glucose, despite the fact that β–cells in type 2 diabetes clearly contain insulin. Second: delivery of non-glucose secretagogues can acutely increase insulin release but dose not result in equivalent responses to those seen with similar stimulation in healthy subjects. Third: although ...
... to intravenous glucose, despite the fact that β–cells in type 2 diabetes clearly contain insulin. Second: delivery of non-glucose secretagogues can acutely increase insulin release but dose not result in equivalent responses to those seen with similar stimulation in healthy subjects. Third: although ...
The Interacting Neuroendocrine Network in Stress
... ACTH stimulates the release of corticoids from cortical layers; where cortisol in humans, or corticosterone, in inferior mammals, represent the major stress-hormone regulating the HPA axis activity, by forming the main regulatory negative feedback loop on this axis [32]. Most of the circulating cort ...
... ACTH stimulates the release of corticoids from cortical layers; where cortisol in humans, or corticosterone, in inferior mammals, represent the major stress-hormone regulating the HPA axis activity, by forming the main regulatory negative feedback loop on this axis [32]. Most of the circulating cort ...
Misdelivery at the Nuclear Pore Complex
... Viruses that replicate in the intact cell nucleus must transport their genomes through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) embedded in the nuclear envelope [17,18-24]. By contrast, onco-retroviruses and papillomaviruses wait for the nuclear envelope to break down in mitosis, whereafter they tether to hos ...
... Viruses that replicate in the intact cell nucleus must transport their genomes through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) embedded in the nuclear envelope [17,18-24]. By contrast, onco-retroviruses and papillomaviruses wait for the nuclear envelope to break down in mitosis, whereafter they tether to hos ...
Dependency on Medium and Temperature of Cel Size and
... Folkes, 1953). Previously, interest has been focused mainly on the striking difference between the small, non-dividing cells of an outgrown culture and the larger forms typical of rapid growth. Hence, cells are often described as ‘resting ’ or ‘exponentially growing’ and these conditions implicitly ...
... Folkes, 1953). Previously, interest has been focused mainly on the striking difference between the small, non-dividing cells of an outgrown culture and the larger forms typical of rapid growth. Hence, cells are often described as ‘resting ’ or ‘exponentially growing’ and these conditions implicitly ...
High resolution crystal structures of unliganded
... The amino acid sequences of the ACBPs of known structure, including the sequence of the human ACBP (hLACBP), are listed in Figure 1. All known structures have the same four-helix bundle fold (helices A1, A2, A3, and A4), with a 13-residue loop insertion between the parallel helix-pair of A2 and A3. ...
... The amino acid sequences of the ACBPs of known structure, including the sequence of the human ACBP (hLACBP), are listed in Figure 1. All known structures have the same four-helix bundle fold (helices A1, A2, A3, and A4), with a 13-residue loop insertion between the parallel helix-pair of A2 and A3. ...
Regulation of Heat Shock Response in Yeast and - E
... regulation of components of the heat shock response, a cellular stress defense mechanism present in all eukaryotes. The hallmark of the heat shock response is an increase in heat shock protein expression, which results from transcriptional activation accomplished by heat shock transcription factors. ...
... regulation of components of the heat shock response, a cellular stress defense mechanism present in all eukaryotes. The hallmark of the heat shock response is an increase in heat shock protein expression, which results from transcriptional activation accomplished by heat shock transcription factors. ...
Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential triggers the
... In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, loss of mitochondrial DNA (rho0 ) can induce the retrograde response under appropriate conditions, resulting in increased replicative lifespan (RLS). Although the retrograde pathway has been extensively elaborated, the nature of the mitochondrial signal ...
... In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, loss of mitochondrial DNA (rho0 ) can induce the retrograde response under appropriate conditions, resulting in increased replicative lifespan (RLS). Although the retrograde pathway has been extensively elaborated, the nature of the mitochondrial signal ...
hnRNPLL - Shirley Liu Lab
... binding were identified within the H and CH2 exons of Ighg2b, with peaks observed in the CH1, H, CH2, and M2 exons (Fig. 1G). Taken together, these data demonstrate that hnRNPLL modulates Ighg2b pre-mRNA processing and facilitates secp(A) exon exclusion through direct association with Ighg2b pre-mRNA ...
... binding were identified within the H and CH2 exons of Ighg2b, with peaks observed in the CH1, H, CH2, and M2 exons (Fig. 1G). Taken together, these data demonstrate that hnRNPLL modulates Ighg2b pre-mRNA processing and facilitates secp(A) exon exclusion through direct association with Ighg2b pre-mRNA ...
Physiology of Proprioception in Balance
... ! Four zones are evident within the gray matter – somatic sensory (SS), visceral sensory (VS), visceral motor (VM), and somatic motor (SM) ...
... ! Four zones are evident within the gray matter – somatic sensory (SS), visceral sensory (VS), visceral motor (VM), and somatic motor (SM) ...
Induction of CDPK (ZmCPK11)- and MAPK
... other signaling molecules such as oligosaccharins and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants (Schilmiller and Howe 2005, Koornneef and Pieterse 2008). JA, its precursors (e.g., 12-oxophytodienoic acid OPDA) and derivatives (e.g., methyl jasmonate MeJA) collectively referred to as jasmon ...
... other signaling molecules such as oligosaccharins and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants (Schilmiller and Howe 2005, Koornneef and Pieterse 2008). JA, its precursors (e.g., 12-oxophytodienoic acid OPDA) and derivatives (e.g., methyl jasmonate MeJA) collectively referred to as jasmon ...
The hypersensitive response and the induction of cell death in plants
... tissues where individual infection events can be followed. One well characterized system is the interaction between the biotrophic fungus Uromyces vignae and cowpea. At 15 h after inoculation during an incompatible interaction, Chen and Heath (1991) observed the following sequence of cytological eve ...
... tissues where individual infection events can be followed. One well characterized system is the interaction between the biotrophic fungus Uromyces vignae and cowpea. At 15 h after inoculation during an incompatible interaction, Chen and Heath (1991) observed the following sequence of cytological eve ...
Protein transport across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane
... signal recognition particle (SRP). The ribosome ⁄ SRP ⁄ nascent chain complex is bound to the membrane, first by an interaction between SRP and its membrane receptor (SR), and then by an interaction between the ribosome and the translocation channel (Fig. 1). The elongating polypeptide chain subseque ...
... signal recognition particle (SRP). The ribosome ⁄ SRP ⁄ nascent chain complex is bound to the membrane, first by an interaction between SRP and its membrane receptor (SR), and then by an interaction between the ribosome and the translocation channel (Fig. 1). The elongating polypeptide chain subseque ...
Essential Cell Biology (3rd ed.)
... proteins. Proteins are the building blocks from which cells are assembled, and they constitute most of the cell’s dry mass. But in addition to providing the cell with shape and structure, proteins also execute nearly all its myriad functions. Enzymes promote intracellular chemical reactions by provi ...
... proteins. Proteins are the building blocks from which cells are assembled, and they constitute most of the cell’s dry mass. But in addition to providing the cell with shape and structure, proteins also execute nearly all its myriad functions. Enzymes promote intracellular chemical reactions by provi ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.