Myosin-Powered Membrane Compartment Drives Cytoplasmic
... How molecules and large macromolecular complexes are properly distributed and positioned is one of the central problems of cell biology. In relatively small prokaryotic cells, which lack endomembrane compartments, diffusion modulated by the cell’s metabolic status is a major mechanism at work for tr ...
... How molecules and large macromolecular complexes are properly distributed and positioned is one of the central problems of cell biology. In relatively small prokaryotic cells, which lack endomembrane compartments, diffusion modulated by the cell’s metabolic status is a major mechanism at work for tr ...
chapt 4
... Some are transported to other membrane structures. Some are transported to the plasma membrane. Some vesicles become lysosomes. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
... Some are transported to other membrane structures. Some are transported to the plasma membrane. Some vesicles become lysosomes. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
Membrane traffic and fusion at post-Golgi compartments
... Traffic of soluble proteins from the ER to the PM and out of the cell occurs by default, the only requirement being an N-terminal signal peptide for protein translocation across the ER membrane, as shown for several soluble enzymes as well as GFP (Denecke et al., 1991; Batoko et al., 2000). Conversel ...
... Traffic of soluble proteins from the ER to the PM and out of the cell occurs by default, the only requirement being an N-terminal signal peptide for protein translocation across the ER membrane, as shown for several soluble enzymes as well as GFP (Denecke et al., 1991; Batoko et al., 2000). Conversel ...
Dynamic regulation of the GABAA receptor function by redox
... neurotoxic agent producing neuronal injury and apoptotic cell death (Garthwaite, 2008; Hardingham et al., 2013). NO effects are mainly mediated by activation of a soluble guanylyl cyclase that leads to increased cGMP levels, which in turn activates the cGMPdependent protein kinase (PKG) (Bradley and ...
... neurotoxic agent producing neuronal injury and apoptotic cell death (Garthwaite, 2008; Hardingham et al., 2013). NO effects are mainly mediated by activation of a soluble guanylyl cyclase that leads to increased cGMP levels, which in turn activates the cGMPdependent protein kinase (PKG) (Bradley and ...
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
... controls. In fact, several translation initiation factors are over-expressed in certain cancers and play key roles in tumor development and progression. The process of protein synthesis and important examples of its regulation are now understood at the molecular level. We will discuss the mechanism ...
... controls. In fact, several translation initiation factors are over-expressed in certain cancers and play key roles in tumor development and progression. The process of protein synthesis and important examples of its regulation are now understood at the molecular level. We will discuss the mechanism ...
10 Proteomic Analysis of Potential Breast Cancer Biomarkers
... Secreted proteins, plasma membrane bound proteins and extracellular proteins mediate cell attachment, cell motility, cell-cell interactions and cell invasion. These proteins have the highest possibility of being found in the circulation system, including the blood, and thus serve as cancer markers o ...
... Secreted proteins, plasma membrane bound proteins and extracellular proteins mediate cell attachment, cell motility, cell-cell interactions and cell invasion. These proteins have the highest possibility of being found in the circulation system, including the blood, and thus serve as cancer markers o ...
STIM1 and TRP - PublicationsList.org
... • Prwevious name Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channel protein 1 (CRACM1) • Orai1, Orai2, Orai3 • 301 aa; Four transmembrane domains • Forms multimeric ion channels in the PM • Low concentrations of 2-APB activate and high conc inhibit Orai1 • Orai3 is stimuleted by 2-APB ...
... • Prwevious name Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channel protein 1 (CRACM1) • Orai1, Orai2, Orai3 • 301 aa; Four transmembrane domains • Forms multimeric ion channels in the PM • Low concentrations of 2-APB activate and high conc inhibit Orai1 • Orai3 is stimuleted by 2-APB ...
A mitochondrial specific stress response in mammalian cells
... parallel Ire1 pathway (Yoshida et al., 2001; Calfon et al., 2002) and a unique system largely dependent on PERK and ATF6, not found in yeast (Harding et al., 2000; Ye et al., 2000; Yoshida et al., 2000). One of the genes upregulated by UPR is the CHOP gene encoding a bZIP transcription factor CHOP [ ...
... parallel Ire1 pathway (Yoshida et al., 2001; Calfon et al., 2002) and a unique system largely dependent on PERK and ATF6, not found in yeast (Harding et al., 2000; Ye et al., 2000; Yoshida et al., 2000). One of the genes upregulated by UPR is the CHOP gene encoding a bZIP transcription factor CHOP [ ...
PDF
... typically unequal both in terms of the relative size of the sister cells and in the progeny to which they give rise. In two of the five teloblast lineages, including the ventralmost, primary neurogenic (N) lineage, the blast cells adopt two different fates, designated nf and ns, in exact alternation ...
... typically unequal both in terms of the relative size of the sister cells and in the progeny to which they give rise. In two of the five teloblast lineages, including the ventralmost, primary neurogenic (N) lineage, the blast cells adopt two different fates, designated nf and ns, in exact alternation ...
TSO1 functions in cell division during Arabidopsis flower development
... showing the chloroplast DNA staining of PI in the parenchyma cells. This image is similar not shown). Although cellular abnormalito that of the wild type (not shown). (H) A root tip of a wild-type 7-day seedling ties can be detected as early as stage 1 germinated on filter paper. Seeds of tso1-1/+ p ...
... showing the chloroplast DNA staining of PI in the parenchyma cells. This image is similar not shown). Although cellular abnormalito that of the wild type (not shown). (H) A root tip of a wild-type 7-day seedling ties can be detected as early as stage 1 germinated on filter paper. Seeds of tso1-1/+ p ...
Programmed Cell Death in Floral Organs: How and Why do Flowers
... in this system. Further studies on PCD in non-CMS tapetal cells would be helpful in this context. Another example of apoptotic-like PCD in floral organs is in the death of the pollen-tube during self-incompatible pollination interactions. In Papaver, Thomas and FranklinTong (2004) showed that self-i ...
... in this system. Further studies on PCD in non-CMS tapetal cells would be helpful in this context. Another example of apoptotic-like PCD in floral organs is in the death of the pollen-tube during self-incompatible pollination interactions. In Papaver, Thomas and FranklinTong (2004) showed that self-i ...
CHAP 17c - Dr. Gerry Cronin
... number 1 and number 2 in this diagram are shown impacting different parts of membranous labyrinth. This is a representation of sounds waves of different frequencies being transduced at the segment of the basilar membrane that is “tuned” for a particular pitch ...
... number 1 and number 2 in this diagram are shown impacting different parts of membranous labyrinth. This is a representation of sounds waves of different frequencies being transduced at the segment of the basilar membrane that is “tuned” for a particular pitch ...
Translational control of meiotic cell cycle progression
... eIF4G via the HA epitope tag resulted in co-immunoprecipitation of Myc-eIF4E1, as expected, visualized by western blot of the precipitate with anti-Myc (Fig. 1B, lane 2). Likewise, even though the HA-eIF4G2 was either less abundantly expressed or transferred to the blot less efficiently than HA-eIF4 ...
... eIF4G via the HA epitope tag resulted in co-immunoprecipitation of Myc-eIF4E1, as expected, visualized by western blot of the precipitate with anti-Myc (Fig. 1B, lane 2). Likewise, even though the HA-eIF4G2 was either less abundantly expressed or transferred to the blot less efficiently than HA-eIF4 ...
The role of desmoplakin during epidermal development
... (Liu et al, 2013). The diverse function of the epidermis is correlated to its capability to modify cellular adhesion. Without proper cell adhesion in the epidermis, the skin would fail to maintain its protective state, ultimately leading to disease (Stalder, 2014 et al). One important type of intrac ...
... (Liu et al, 2013). The diverse function of the epidermis is correlated to its capability to modify cellular adhesion. Without proper cell adhesion in the epidermis, the skin would fail to maintain its protective state, ultimately leading to disease (Stalder, 2014 et al). One important type of intrac ...
Euglena Coloring
... Euglena are unicellular organisms classified into the Kingdom Protista, and the Phylum Euglenophyta. All euglena have chloroplasts and can make their own food by photosynthesis. They are not completely autotrophic though, euglena can also absorb food from their environment; euglena usually live in q ...
... Euglena are unicellular organisms classified into the Kingdom Protista, and the Phylum Euglenophyta. All euglena have chloroplasts and can make their own food by photosynthesis. They are not completely autotrophic though, euglena can also absorb food from their environment; euglena usually live in q ...
A Novel Role for Vitamin K1 in a Tyrosine Phosphorylation
... type III and immunoglobulin motifs common to extracellular matrix proteins, neural cell adhesion molecules, and cell surface receptors with tyrosine kinase or phosphatase activities (13, 14). It is believed that these RTKs may be bifunctional, acting both as cell adhesion proteins and as components ...
... type III and immunoglobulin motifs common to extracellular matrix proteins, neural cell adhesion molecules, and cell surface receptors with tyrosine kinase or phosphatase activities (13, 14). It is believed that these RTKs may be bifunctional, acting both as cell adhesion proteins and as components ...
Notes of Neuronal Firing
... Cell body (soma) - Contains the nucleus and most of the cell's organelles. Dendrites - Processes that branch off the cell body and receive input from other neurons at specialized junctions called synapses. The cell body also receives this input. Axons (nerve fiber) - Processes that send information. ...
... Cell body (soma) - Contains the nucleus and most of the cell's organelles. Dendrites - Processes that branch off the cell body and receive input from other neurons at specialized junctions called synapses. The cell body also receives this input. Axons (nerve fiber) - Processes that send information. ...
Virus entry into a polarized epithelial cell line (MDCK)
... organization of these cells involves the division of the plasma membrane into an apical and a basolateral portion that are separated by tight junctions (Simons & Wandinger-Ness, 1990). As the two membrane domains differ in their protein and lipid composition, they may also differ in their receptors ...
... organization of these cells involves the division of the plasma membrane into an apical and a basolateral portion that are separated by tight junctions (Simons & Wandinger-Ness, 1990). As the two membrane domains differ in their protein and lipid composition, they may also differ in their receptors ...
Virus entry into a polarized epithelial cell line (MDCK)
... organization of these cells involves the division of the plasma membrane into an apical and a basolateral portion that are separated by tight junctions (Simons & Wandinger-Ness, 1990). As the two membrane domains differ in their protein and lipid composition, they may also differ in their receptors ...
... organization of these cells involves the division of the plasma membrane into an apical and a basolateral portion that are separated by tight junctions (Simons & Wandinger-Ness, 1990). As the two membrane domains differ in their protein and lipid composition, they may also differ in their receptors ...
Infrared spectroscopy: a tool for protein characterization Chenge Li
... which contains an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), along with a side chain that is specific for each amino acid. The side chain can be hydrophobic, polar, positively or negatively charged, depending on its composition, structure and properties. In total, there are mainly 20 natural prot ...
... which contains an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), along with a side chain that is specific for each amino acid. The side chain can be hydrophobic, polar, positively or negatively charged, depending on its composition, structure and properties. In total, there are mainly 20 natural prot ...
The innate immune function of airway epithelial cells in inflammatory
... Integrated stress response and endoplasmic reticulum stress The integrated stress response (ISR) can be activated by one of four stress-sensing kinases, which are triggered by a variety of signals including those generated during infection [43]. These kinases cause phosphorylation of the α-subunit o ...
... Integrated stress response and endoplasmic reticulum stress The integrated stress response (ISR) can be activated by one of four stress-sensing kinases, which are triggered by a variety of signals including those generated during infection [43]. These kinases cause phosphorylation of the α-subunit o ...
TRANSPORT OF SODIUM, POTASSIUM, AND CALCIUM ACROSS
... microcentrifuge tubes. The separation of the cell from the suspending medium was accomplished by a single centrifugation (0.5 min.) in an Eppendorf microcentrifuge (Brinkmann Instruments, Inc., Westbury, N. Y.) (maximum speed 8,000 rpm reached in less than 10 s). It was found that practically no rad ...
... microcentrifuge tubes. The separation of the cell from the suspending medium was accomplished by a single centrifugation (0.5 min.) in an Eppendorf microcentrifuge (Brinkmann Instruments, Inc., Westbury, N. Y.) (maximum speed 8,000 rpm reached in less than 10 s). It was found that practically no rad ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy Living
... -Cell organizes small organic molecules into polymers -proteins -DNA -Pumps substances across membranes -Grows, reproduces -Maintains complex structures -Work to maintain complex structure, order in intrinsically unstable -Energy enters ecosystems in the form of sunlight -Plants and other photosynth ...
... -Cell organizes small organic molecules into polymers -proteins -DNA -Pumps substances across membranes -Grows, reproduces -Maintains complex structures -Work to maintain complex structure, order in intrinsically unstable -Energy enters ecosystems in the form of sunlight -Plants and other photosynth ...
A cellular backline: specialization of host membranes for defence
... sphingolipids and sterols, and contain remorins, have been implicated in the definition of membrane domains that facilitate receptor signalling (A) and callose synthesis (B, C). (A) The PRR FLS2 binds bacterial flagellin and this induces complex formation with the co-receptor BAK1. This triggers a c ...
... sphingolipids and sterols, and contain remorins, have been implicated in the definition of membrane domains that facilitate receptor signalling (A) and callose synthesis (B, C). (A) The PRR FLS2 binds bacterial flagellin and this induces complex formation with the co-receptor BAK1. This triggers a c ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.