Fig. - Journal of Cell Science
... during cell division may have been important in the evolution of eukaryotic cell differentiation. One of the major challenges to studying complex spatiotemporal changes through the cell division cycle has been in visualizing organelles and cellular structures in a three-dimensional (3D) context. Con ...
... during cell division may have been important in the evolution of eukaryotic cell differentiation. One of the major challenges to studying complex spatiotemporal changes through the cell division cycle has been in visualizing organelles and cellular structures in a three-dimensional (3D) context. Con ...
PDF
... Epithelial cells are linked by apicolateral junctions that are essential for tissue integrity. Epithelial cells also secrete a specialized apical extracellular matrix (ECM) that serves as a protective barrier. Some components of the apical ECM, such as mucins, can influence epithelial junction remod ...
... Epithelial cells are linked by apicolateral junctions that are essential for tissue integrity. Epithelial cells also secrete a specialized apical extracellular matrix (ECM) that serves as a protective barrier. Some components of the apical ECM, such as mucins, can influence epithelial junction remod ...
Molecular Cloning of CD68, a Human Macrophage
... lysosome-like structures by immunoelectron microscopy.I I Consistent with this, the sequence of CD68 shows homologies to a family of lysosomal/plasma membrane shuttling proteins, typified by the lamp 1 group (human lamp-1,I2 mouse lampl,I3 chicken lep100,14-'6and rat lgpl2O"). These proteins are maj ...
... lysosome-like structures by immunoelectron microscopy.I I Consistent with this, the sequence of CD68 shows homologies to a family of lysosomal/plasma membrane shuttling proteins, typified by the lamp 1 group (human lamp-1,I2 mouse lampl,I3 chicken lep100,14-'6and rat lgpl2O"). These proteins are maj ...
PDF
... is the name of a particular structure of ectodermal cells which increase in thickness and become pseudostratified on the tip of the limb bud. Generally, cell and tissue interactions may be mediated by chemical messengers (McMahon, 1974). Among the chemical transmitters acting during early morphogene ...
... is the name of a particular structure of ectodermal cells which increase in thickness and become pseudostratified on the tip of the limb bud. Generally, cell and tissue interactions may be mediated by chemical messengers (McMahon, 1974). Among the chemical transmitters acting during early morphogene ...
Genomewide Analysis of PRC1 and PRC2 Occupancy Identifies
... proposed to silence developmental regulators while keeping them ‘‘poised’’ for alternate fates. However, our understanding of PcG regulation and bivalent domains remains limited. For instance, bivalent domains affect over 2,000 promoters with diverse functions, which suggests that they may function ...
... proposed to silence developmental regulators while keeping them ‘‘poised’’ for alternate fates. However, our understanding of PcG regulation and bivalent domains remains limited. For instance, bivalent domains affect over 2,000 promoters with diverse functions, which suggests that they may function ...
Sodium Magnetic Resonance Imaging: From Research to Clinical Use
... INTRODUCTION Many exciting new variations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been tested in magnetic resonance research, but only a few have found their way to clinical use. Sodium (23Na) MRI is one of those techniques that at first glance seemed to be very promising. Sodium MRI has the potent ...
... INTRODUCTION Many exciting new variations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been tested in magnetic resonance research, but only a few have found their way to clinical use. Sodium (23Na) MRI is one of those techniques that at first glance seemed to be very promising. Sodium MRI has the potent ...
article in press - MPI
... segment polarity in vertebrates, we have studied the zebrafish mutant fused somites (fss), because its paraxial mesoderm lacks segment polarity. Previously examined markers of caudal half-segment identity are widely expressed, whereas markers of rostral identity are either missing or dramatically do ...
... segment polarity in vertebrates, we have studied the zebrafish mutant fused somites (fss), because its paraxial mesoderm lacks segment polarity. Previously examined markers of caudal half-segment identity are widely expressed, whereas markers of rostral identity are either missing or dramatically do ...
Mastoparan Alters Subcellular Distribution of
... 1998). Importantly, recent genetic studies have revealed that profilin plays critical roles for basic processes of plant development (Ramachandran et al. 2000, McKinney et al. 2001). Profilins from non-plant systems are well known to interact with several classes of proteins that contain long contin ...
... 1998). Importantly, recent genetic studies have revealed that profilin plays critical roles for basic processes of plant development (Ramachandran et al. 2000, McKinney et al. 2001). Profilins from non-plant systems are well known to interact with several classes of proteins that contain long contin ...
Disorders Presenting in Skin and Mucous Membranes - McGraw-Hill
... (OH˙), nitric oxide (NO), and others. These radicals are generally viewed as dangerously reactive entities threatening the integrity of many tissues. The skin is particularly at risk because it is exposed to oxygen from both inside and outside and because of the activation of oxygen by light (see Ch ...
... (OH˙), nitric oxide (NO), and others. These radicals are generally viewed as dangerously reactive entities threatening the integrity of many tissues. The skin is particularly at risk because it is exposed to oxygen from both inside and outside and because of the activation of oxygen by light (see Ch ...
Dynamics of interactions of photosensitizers with lipoproteins and
... The incorporation and subcellular localization of photosensitizers are critical determinants of their efficiency. Here, we correlate these properties with the interactions of photosensitizers with membrane-models and low density lipoproteins (LDL) in acellular systems. Focus was given on dynamics as ...
... The incorporation and subcellular localization of photosensitizers are critical determinants of their efficiency. Here, we correlate these properties with the interactions of photosensitizers with membrane-models and low density lipoproteins (LDL) in acellular systems. Focus was given on dynamics as ...
processing of defensive pigment in aplysia californica: acquisition
... (Brower and Calvert, 1984). For some, their chemical defense is so effective that they make little effort to hide from predators and they may advertise their defense aposematically (Cott, 1957; Brower, 1984; Eisner, 1970). The marine snail Aplysia californica has a chemical arsenal of both active an ...
... (Brower and Calvert, 1984). For some, their chemical defense is so effective that they make little effort to hide from predators and they may advertise their defense aposematically (Cott, 1957; Brower, 1984; Eisner, 1970). The marine snail Aplysia californica has a chemical arsenal of both active an ...
PDF
... is irreversibly lost after cell dissociation, as result of metabolism-dependent processes following the persistent separation of the cells from tissue-like associations. Our findings stress the idea that, also at the level of tissue organization, similar interacting phenomena are actively operating ...
... is irreversibly lost after cell dissociation, as result of metabolism-dependent processes following the persistent separation of the cells from tissue-like associations. Our findings stress the idea that, also at the level of tissue organization, similar interacting phenomena are actively operating ...
A Role for the Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System in Estrogen
... CsCl, 2 MgCl2, 10 HEPES, 2 EGTA, 2 MgATP, 0.3 NaGTP, 10 Na2creatinine phosphate, 0.1% biocytin, pH 7.2–7.3. The bath contained 5 mM kynurenic acid to block glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic transmission. To record synaptically evoked IPSCs, a stimulating electrode (patch pipette with chlorided si ...
... CsCl, 2 MgCl2, 10 HEPES, 2 EGTA, 2 MgATP, 0.3 NaGTP, 10 Na2creatinine phosphate, 0.1% biocytin, pH 7.2–7.3. The bath contained 5 mM kynurenic acid to block glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic transmission. To record synaptically evoked IPSCs, a stimulating electrode (patch pipette with chlorided si ...
The biochemistry of differentiation of mouse
... fixed by dipping the slide into a dish of absolute ethanol/glacial acetic acid (3/1, v/v). This dipping procedure appeared to remove most of the blood cells. The slide was left in fixative for 10 min. For 6th day embryos, trophoblast could not be satisfactorily separated from the embryo proper, and ...
... fixed by dipping the slide into a dish of absolute ethanol/glacial acetic acid (3/1, v/v). This dipping procedure appeared to remove most of the blood cells. The slide was left in fixative for 10 min. For 6th day embryos, trophoblast could not be satisfactorily separated from the embryo proper, and ...
Herpes simplex virus type 1 alters transcript levels of tumor
... to localize mRNA for IL-6 and TNFa in cultured retinal glial cells. Changes in IL-6 and TNFa relative transcript levels were assessed in cultured retinal glial cells using a semiquantitative approach comprised of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay at low amplification cyc ...
... to localize mRNA for IL-6 and TNFa in cultured retinal glial cells. Changes in IL-6 and TNFa relative transcript levels were assessed in cultured retinal glial cells using a semiquantitative approach comprised of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay at low amplification cyc ...
The Dynamic Changes of Tonoplasts in Guard
... cytoplasm into the vacuolar lumen (Fig. 4B), generating ripple-like fringe in the vacuole (Fig. 4, C1 and C2). To visualize the spatial configuration of vacuoles in a readily accessible image, the three-dimensional (3D) projection was performed from a series of Z-axis optical section by CLSM. As sho ...
... cytoplasm into the vacuolar lumen (Fig. 4B), generating ripple-like fringe in the vacuole (Fig. 4, C1 and C2). To visualize the spatial configuration of vacuoles in a readily accessible image, the three-dimensional (3D) projection was performed from a series of Z-axis optical section by CLSM. As sho ...
The Neurosecretory Neuron in Neuroendocrine
... contact with endocrine cells, since neurotransmitters are known to act in loco and to be destroyed promptly after having elicited a response. Only pinpointed signals of very short duration could, therefore, be involved and in this event every single endocrine cell would have to be "innervated." Ther ...
... contact with endocrine cells, since neurotransmitters are known to act in loco and to be destroyed promptly after having elicited a response. Only pinpointed signals of very short duration could, therefore, be involved and in this event every single endocrine cell would have to be "innervated." Ther ...
Modeling the Gastric Mill Central Pattern Generator of the Lobster
... Many sophisticated and complex models of single neurons have been used. Multi-compartmental models (Edwards and Mulloney 1984; Perkel and Mulloney 1978) and single compartment models with large numbers of voltageand time-dependent ionic currents (Rose and Hindmarsh 1989a-c; Yamada et al. 1989) have ...
... Many sophisticated and complex models of single neurons have been used. Multi-compartmental models (Edwards and Mulloney 1984; Perkel and Mulloney 1978) and single compartment models with large numbers of voltageand time-dependent ionic currents (Rose and Hindmarsh 1989a-c; Yamada et al. 1989) have ...
Implications for Cystic Fibrosis Disease Patterns in Airway Epithelial
... group to classify gene transcripts (i.e., probe sets on the array) as present or absent at the group level. Changes in expression levels of gene transcripts were detected through two separate tests. Gene transcripts that were detected as present in one control/strain group of arrays, but absent in a ...
... group to classify gene transcripts (i.e., probe sets on the array) as present or absent at the group level. Changes in expression levels of gene transcripts were detected through two separate tests. Gene transcripts that were detected as present in one control/strain group of arrays, but absent in a ...
Cell cycle–dependent phosphorylation of Sec4p controls membrane
... can also be controlled by the phosphorylation status of Sec4p. This suggests that additional cellular pathways may impinge upon membrane trafficking through Sec4p effector protein recruitment, independent of its nucleotide-bound state. Indeed, the nutrient-starvation phenotype and sensitivity to rap ...
... can also be controlled by the phosphorylation status of Sec4p. This suggests that additional cellular pathways may impinge upon membrane trafficking through Sec4p effector protein recruitment, independent of its nucleotide-bound state. Indeed, the nutrient-starvation phenotype and sensitivity to rap ...
Firing Properties of Hippocampal Neurons in a Visually Symmetrical
... the manner in which multiple cuesare utilized. From previous manner in which sensoryfactors and mnemonic factors deterstudiesshowingthe existenceof placefields under impoverished mine a cell’s firing patterns. In this study, however, instead of conditions, one outcome that might have been expectedis ...
... the manner in which multiple cuesare utilized. From previous manner in which sensoryfactors and mnemonic factors deterstudiesshowingthe existenceof placefields under impoverished mine a cell’s firing patterns. In this study, however, instead of conditions, one outcome that might have been expectedis ...
Chapter 2.3 Active Cell Processes: Motility, Muscle, and Mechanotransduction
... qualitative, and the models, to the extent they exist, more ad hoc. This is because not only are the processes much more complex, often involving a cascade of reactions or numerous individual cell functions, but they are also less well understood. We begin this chapter with a discussion of the vario ...
... qualitative, and the models, to the extent they exist, more ad hoc. This is because not only are the processes much more complex, often involving a cascade of reactions or numerous individual cell functions, but they are also less well understood. We begin this chapter with a discussion of the vario ...
G α 12/13 regulate epiboly by inhibiting E
... defect was observed in E-cadherin–deficient embryos, with cells bulging and detaching from the embryonic surface (Babb and Marrs, 2004; Kane et al., 2005; McFarland et al., 2005; Shimizu et al., 2005). E-cadherin is a plasma membrane glycoprotein that is indirectly linked to the actin cytoskeleton t ...
... defect was observed in E-cadherin–deficient embryos, with cells bulging and detaching from the embryonic surface (Babb and Marrs, 2004; Kane et al., 2005; McFarland et al., 2005; Shimizu et al., 2005). E-cadherin is a plasma membrane glycoprotein that is indirectly linked to the actin cytoskeleton t ...
Quantifying the range of a lipid phosphate signal in vivo
... Fig. 1. Expression of Wun in ectoderm does not affect germ cell survival. (A) Schematic map of a lateral stage 11 embryo showing the prospective parasegmental boundaries, the position of the three SGP clusters in the mesoderm, and the ectodermal expression domains that result from the Gal4 drivers o ...
... Fig. 1. Expression of Wun in ectoderm does not affect germ cell survival. (A) Schematic map of a lateral stage 11 embryo showing the prospective parasegmental boundaries, the position of the three SGP clusters in the mesoderm, and the ectodermal expression domains that result from the Gal4 drivers o ...
Phorbol Esters Alter Cell Fate during Development of Sea Urchin
... NOWLEDGEof the mechanisms involved in determining cell fate during development is central to understanding how embryos are formed. The roles of signal transduction pathways in these processes have recently begun to be examined, and it has become clear that such pathways play a role during the develo ...
... NOWLEDGEof the mechanisms involved in determining cell fate during development is central to understanding how embryos are formed. The roles of signal transduction pathways in these processes have recently begun to be examined, and it has become clear that such pathways play a role during the develo ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.