Glucose-dependent, CAMP-mediated ATP efflux from
... Fig. 1 shows the time course of the efflux of ATP and ADP (a) and the intracellular amounts of ATP and ADP (b) in the presence and absence of glucose. It is clear that there is a glucose-dependent efflux of ATP from these cells. After 50 min the amount of extracellular ATP in the presence of glucose ...
... Fig. 1 shows the time course of the efflux of ATP and ADP (a) and the intracellular amounts of ATP and ADP (b) in the presence and absence of glucose. It is clear that there is a glucose-dependent efflux of ATP from these cells. After 50 min the amount of extracellular ATP in the presence of glucose ...
The association of sore throat and psoriasis might be explained by
... hyperproliferation driven by an inflammatory infiltrate rich in CD4+, CD8+ and γδ-T cells [2–4]. Psoriasis affects approximately 2% of people of both sexes [5], with diminished quality of life [6] and significant co-morbidities [7]. While psoriasis has been established to be a complex genetic diseas ...
... hyperproliferation driven by an inflammatory infiltrate rich in CD4+, CD8+ and γδ-T cells [2–4]. Psoriasis affects approximately 2% of people of both sexes [5], with diminished quality of life [6] and significant co-morbidities [7]. While psoriasis has been established to be a complex genetic diseas ...
PDF - BMC Biotechnology
... by CCUG was even more impressive. The sugar uptake was doubled, while the ethanol production almost tripled (Figure 2A). As shown in Figure 2, YE addition affected all of the measured fermentation characteristics to similar extent. Increased ethanol production is partially attributable to the increa ...
... by CCUG was even more impressive. The sugar uptake was doubled, while the ethanol production almost tripled (Figure 2A). As shown in Figure 2, YE addition affected all of the measured fermentation characteristics to similar extent. Increased ethanol production is partially attributable to the increa ...
Methyl Jasmonate-Induced Ethylene Production
... evaporation of the volatile turpentine fractions (Katoh and Croteau, 1997; Phillips and Croteau, 1999). While there is considerable information about the anatomical and biochemical defenses in conifer stems, there is little known about the regulation of constitutive and inducible defenses. Recent wo ...
... evaporation of the volatile turpentine fractions (Katoh and Croteau, 1997; Phillips and Croteau, 1999). While there is considerable information about the anatomical and biochemical defenses in conifer stems, there is little known about the regulation of constitutive and inducible defenses. Recent wo ...
Mechanisms of size control Christopher J Potter* and
... result of a fixed number of cell divisions. That is, the cells of the immature rat heart or Drosophila wing disc might be programmed to divide only a finite number of times and thus result in a characteristic final size. Regeneration experiments, in which part of an organ is removed, suggest that or ...
... result of a fixed number of cell divisions. That is, the cells of the immature rat heart or Drosophila wing disc might be programmed to divide only a finite number of times and thus result in a characteristic final size. Regeneration experiments, in which part of an organ is removed, suggest that or ...
hematopoietic stem cells: to be or notch to be
... ability to generate all the different lineages of a specific system. However, when studying stem cells one need to distinguish two main categories of stem cells: 1) embryonic stem cells which are pluripotent and retain the capacity to generate all the cell lineages of the adult organism and 2) somat ...
... ability to generate all the different lineages of a specific system. However, when studying stem cells one need to distinguish two main categories of stem cells: 1) embryonic stem cells which are pluripotent and retain the capacity to generate all the cell lineages of the adult organism and 2) somat ...
Peptide Repertoire Class I Molecule Q10 Binds a Classical The
... The nonpolymorphic Q10 cDNA was isolated from the NOD/Lt (H-2g7) cDNA liver library derived by Girgis et al. (31). The cDNA fragment encoding the N-terminal portion of Q10 (exons 1–3) was amplified by PCR, subcloned into pIC20H plasmid (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA), and seq ...
... The nonpolymorphic Q10 cDNA was isolated from the NOD/Lt (H-2g7) cDNA liver library derived by Girgis et al. (31). The cDNA fragment encoding the N-terminal portion of Q10 (exons 1–3) was amplified by PCR, subcloned into pIC20H plasmid (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA), and seq ...
Regulative germ cell specification in axolotl embryos: a primitive trait
... al. 2001). Moreover, recent work suggests that interferonrelated signals play a significant role in governing the final allocation to the germline (Saitou et al. 2002). From these studies it is clear that mouse PGCs are not specified by maternal germ cell determinants, and in this way they differ fr ...
... al. 2001). Moreover, recent work suggests that interferonrelated signals play a significant role in governing the final allocation to the germline (Saitou et al. 2002). From these studies it is clear that mouse PGCs are not specified by maternal germ cell determinants, and in this way they differ fr ...
Microsoft Word
... mitochondrial encephalomyopathies and neuropathies, and are associated with the pathogenesis of a variety of complex disorders including heart disease, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s, and other neurological disorders [4]. Oxidative damage to mitochondria ...
... mitochondrial encephalomyopathies and neuropathies, and are associated with the pathogenesis of a variety of complex disorders including heart disease, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s, and other neurological disorders [4]. Oxidative damage to mitochondria ...
Synthesis and characterization of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate
... characterized by an excess carbon supply and the lack of one or more essential nutrients4. About 150 different hydroxyalkanoic acids have been identified as constituents of bacterial polyesters5. The first PHA, a homopolymer of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), was discovered by Lemoigne in 19256. It is ...
... characterized by an excess carbon supply and the lack of one or more essential nutrients4. About 150 different hydroxyalkanoic acids have been identified as constituents of bacterial polyesters5. The first PHA, a homopolymer of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), was discovered by Lemoigne in 19256. It is ...
Abstract Panax ginseng Meyer, belonging to the genus Panax of the
... carbohydrate-binding specificities [43]. Animal lectins were discovered before plant lectins, although many were not recognized as carbohydrate binding proteins for many years after first being reported [44]. Although plant and animal lectins do not have homologous primary structures, they have sim ...
... carbohydrate-binding specificities [43]. Animal lectins were discovered before plant lectins, although many were not recognized as carbohydrate binding proteins for many years after first being reported [44]. Although plant and animal lectins do not have homologous primary structures, they have sim ...
pdf: Baskin 2013
... some plant cell biologists have used apical for cell polarity with reference to the shoot apex only, so that under their terminology apical points away from the root’s apex; however, an alternative terminology for cell polarity has been recently proposed.4 In any case, here, anatomy rather than cell ...
... some plant cell biologists have used apical for cell polarity with reference to the shoot apex only, so that under their terminology apical points away from the root’s apex; however, an alternative terminology for cell polarity has been recently proposed.4 In any case, here, anatomy rather than cell ...
Analysis of Connexin43 phosphorylated at S325, S328 and S330 in
... nature of the antibody by examining its binding to extracts from cells expressing Cx43-WT or Cx43-TM both before and after treatment with alkaline phosphatase. As shown in Fig. 3A, the antibody staining against total Cx43 resulted in bands of 41-44 kDa in all cases and revealed the classic increase ...
... nature of the antibody by examining its binding to extracts from cells expressing Cx43-WT or Cx43-TM both before and after treatment with alkaline phosphatase. As shown in Fig. 3A, the antibody staining against total Cx43 resulted in bands of 41-44 kDa in all cases and revealed the classic increase ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... 3d and 4d also have strong diffuse expression. (D) IoDl expression: at the 2q stage, low level cytoplasmic staining is observed in all cells of the embryo. Abundant centrosomal localization is observed in the macromeres (2ABCD). (E) At the 3q stage, all cells of the embryo have a low level of cytopl ...
... 3d and 4d also have strong diffuse expression. (D) IoDl expression: at the 2q stage, low level cytoplasmic staining is observed in all cells of the embryo. Abundant centrosomal localization is observed in the macromeres (2ABCD). (E) At the 3q stage, all cells of the embryo have a low level of cytopl ...
Morphine Modulates Mouse Hippocampal Progenitor Cell Lineages
... putative downstream targets of NeuroD1 [16]. Meanwhile, as its most well known role, Notch1 maintains NPCs in the undifferentiated state by inhibiting neuronal differentiation. It was reported that Notch1 inhibits neurogenesis by turning CSL-SKIP into an activator and stimulating the transcription o ...
... putative downstream targets of NeuroD1 [16]. Meanwhile, as its most well known role, Notch1 maintains NPCs in the undifferentiated state by inhibiting neuronal differentiation. It was reported that Notch1 inhibits neurogenesis by turning CSL-SKIP into an activator and stimulating the transcription o ...
In Vivo Release of Mitotic Silencing of Ribosomal Gene
... Penman, 1971). The timing of these events suggests a link with cell cycle controls that could be mediated by the cdc2–cyclin B kinase pathway. Moreover, recent results obtained in vitro have shown that mitotic silencing of rDNA transcription is most probably due to cdc2–cyclin B kinase–directed phos ...
... Penman, 1971). The timing of these events suggests a link with cell cycle controls that could be mediated by the cdc2–cyclin B kinase pathway. Moreover, recent results obtained in vitro have shown that mitotic silencing of rDNA transcription is most probably due to cdc2–cyclin B kinase–directed phos ...
Principles for designing synthetic microbial communities
... exchange essential metabolites [6]. Each strain is engineered to produce some but not all essential metabolites (e.g. amino acids). When these different auxotrophic strains are grown together, those with complementary metabolic functions are able to support the growth of one another as a syntrophic ...
... exchange essential metabolites [6]. Each strain is engineered to produce some but not all essential metabolites (e.g. amino acids). When these different auxotrophic strains are grown together, those with complementary metabolic functions are able to support the growth of one another as a syntrophic ...
Inhibition of Target of Rapamycin Signaling and
... (Yoshimoto et al., 2004; Contento et al., 2005; Thompson et al., 2005). As in other species, binding of ATG8 to autophagosomes has been used to monitor autophagy in plants. In contrast to yeast, where a single ATG8 gene is present, plants appear to contain a small gene family with several ATG8 isofo ...
... (Yoshimoto et al., 2004; Contento et al., 2005; Thompson et al., 2005). As in other species, binding of ATG8 to autophagosomes has been used to monitor autophagy in plants. In contrast to yeast, where a single ATG8 gene is present, plants appear to contain a small gene family with several ATG8 isofo ...
Diarch Symmetry of the Vascular Bundle in
... in older parts of the root where GFP remains exclusively expressed in the pericycle associated with xylem poles (Fig. 2N). Unlike J0121, expression is more intense in young tissues and fades away progressively in older parts (Fig. 2I). In conclusion, expression of the GFP enhancer trap marker in bot ...
... in older parts of the root where GFP remains exclusively expressed in the pericycle associated with xylem poles (Fig. 2N). Unlike J0121, expression is more intense in young tissues and fades away progressively in older parts (Fig. 2I). In conclusion, expression of the GFP enhancer trap marker in bot ...
Effect of n-butanol and cold pretreatment on the cytoskeleton and
... Degradation and recycling of these cytoplasmic components through two different pathways: the ubiquitin-26S proteosome system and autophagy (Alché et al. 2000; Maraschin et al. 2005b). In the next step, the nucleus moves from the periphery to the center of the microspore. Simultaneously, the vacuol ...
... Degradation and recycling of these cytoplasmic components through two different pathways: the ubiquitin-26S proteosome system and autophagy (Alché et al. 2000; Maraschin et al. 2005b). In the next step, the nucleus moves from the periphery to the center of the microspore. Simultaneously, the vacuol ...
GLUT2 intracytoplasmic loop transmits glucose signaling
... by two nutrient sensors of low and high concentrations, Snf3p and Rgt2p, cloned in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Özcan et al., 1996). These proteins are structurally similar to mammalian and yeast glucose transporters, except for a long cytoplasmic C terminus (Celenza et al., 1988; Özcan et al., 1996) t ...
... by two nutrient sensors of low and high concentrations, Snf3p and Rgt2p, cloned in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Özcan et al., 1996). These proteins are structurally similar to mammalian and yeast glucose transporters, except for a long cytoplasmic C terminus (Celenza et al., 1988; Özcan et al., 1996) t ...
Animal Biology 56(4)
... arch elements supporting gill slits in a cephalochordate-like animal. Viscerocranial components support the gills and/or contribute to the jaw and hyoid apparatus in gnathostomes, but they probably form parts of the anteriormost neurocranium as well. The second part, the neurocranium, consists of en ...
... arch elements supporting gill slits in a cephalochordate-like animal. Viscerocranial components support the gills and/or contribute to the jaw and hyoid apparatus in gnathostomes, but they probably form parts of the anteriormost neurocranium as well. The second part, the neurocranium, consists of en ...
Continuity And Change: Paradigm Shifts In Neural Induction
... signals that are supposed to result in regional differentiation.” Even Saxén, Toivonen, and Nakamura (1978), three of the few researchers whose laboratories continued to investigate primary embryonic induction during the 1970s, lamented, “Why do the scientists investigating embryonic induction lag b ...
... signals that are supposed to result in regional differentiation.” Even Saxén, Toivonen, and Nakamura (1978), three of the few researchers whose laboratories continued to investigate primary embryonic induction during the 1970s, lamented, “Why do the scientists investigating embryonic induction lag b ...
Hedgehog signaling and yolk sac angiogenesis
... In order to examine the role of Ihh signaling in blood island differentiation, we generated Ihh deficient (Ihh–/–) ES cell lines using a targeting construct (Fig. 2A) designed to replace exon 1 with a neomyocin resistance (neoR) cassette that contains a point mutation in the neoR open reading frame ...
... In order to examine the role of Ihh signaling in blood island differentiation, we generated Ihh deficient (Ihh–/–) ES cell lines using a targeting construct (Fig. 2A) designed to replace exon 1 with a neomyocin resistance (neoR) cassette that contains a point mutation in the neoR open reading frame ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.