Biochemical characterization of the vanilloid receptor 1 expressed in
... cells and in the DRG-derived cell line F-11 (N18TG2 mouse neuroblastoma rat dorsal root ganglia, hybridoma). VR1 was found to be glycosylated in both cell types. Of the five potential N-glycosylation sites, the predicted transient receptor potential channel-like transmembrane folding proposes N604 ...
... cells and in the DRG-derived cell line F-11 (N18TG2 mouse neuroblastoma rat dorsal root ganglia, hybridoma). VR1 was found to be glycosylated in both cell types. Of the five potential N-glycosylation sites, the predicted transient receptor potential channel-like transmembrane folding proposes N604 ...
Extrinsic Factors Influence the Expression of Voltage
... three different K currents (McFarlane and Cooper, 1992): a noninactivatingcurrent (I,), a fast transient A-current (I,,), and a slow transient A-current (I,,). The method used to separate these three K currents has been described previously (McFarlane and Cooper, 1992; see also McFarlane and Cooper, ...
... three different K currents (McFarlane and Cooper, 1992): a noninactivatingcurrent (I,), a fast transient A-current (I,,), and a slow transient A-current (I,,). The method used to separate these three K currents has been described previously (McFarlane and Cooper, 1992; see also McFarlane and Cooper, ...
MOTM SULFANILAMIDE - School of Chemistry
... of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. So why don’t we hear more about them? The tetracyclines are not used as widely as they once were, because of the emergence of resistant strains of bacteria. In part, this is due to the use of small amounts of ...
... of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. So why don’t we hear more about them? The tetracyclines are not used as widely as they once were, because of the emergence of resistant strains of bacteria. In part, this is due to the use of small amounts of ...
The Arabidopsis trichome is an active mechanosensory switch
... (Solanum lycopersicum) plants has been shown to trigger defensive responses (Peiffer et al. 2009). However, it is surprising that Arabidopsis trichomes have not yet received careful attention from the perspective of active structures, as systems that can enable repeated transduction of mechanical re ...
... (Solanum lycopersicum) plants has been shown to trigger defensive responses (Peiffer et al. 2009). However, it is surprising that Arabidopsis trichomes have not yet received careful attention from the perspective of active structures, as systems that can enable repeated transduction of mechanical re ...
Exosomes with major histocompatibility complex class II and
... CD82 [7], which interact with membrane proteins, such as integrins and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR [10]. Exosomes may not only have a role in T-cell activation, but may also function as a communicator between cells in the immune system. Intestinal epithelial cells secrete exosome-like vesicles, ...
... CD82 [7], which interact with membrane proteins, such as integrins and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR [10]. Exosomes may not only have a role in T-cell activation, but may also function as a communicator between cells in the immune system. Intestinal epithelial cells secrete exosome-like vesicles, ...
The enemy within: ricin and plant cells
... active site cleft of RTA to be in close contact with RTB, thus rendering it unavailable for catalysis. Furthermore, maturation of the precursor into the active form takes place in the vacuole, which is a compartment from which mature ricin is evidently unable to retrotranslocate. It should be noted ...
... active site cleft of RTA to be in close contact with RTB, thus rendering it unavailable for catalysis. Furthermore, maturation of the precursor into the active form takes place in the vacuole, which is a compartment from which mature ricin is evidently unable to retrotranslocate. It should be noted ...
dependent endoderm cell fate specification - EvoDevo
... radiated to produce organisms with levels of physiological and morphological complexity unmatched in other multicellular forms that have emerged in several clades [1,2]. The unique character that enabled the evolution of complex metazoans is generally believed to be the process of gastrulation [3]. ...
... radiated to produce organisms with levels of physiological and morphological complexity unmatched in other multicellular forms that have emerged in several clades [1,2]. The unique character that enabled the evolution of complex metazoans is generally believed to be the process of gastrulation [3]. ...
Macrophages but Not MyD88, in Bacteria
... TLR2 upon treatment with conserved bacterial components (10, 13–15, 17). To elucidate these apparently discrepant findings, we investigated the roles of TLR adapter proteins as proapoptotic signal transmitters downstream from TLR activation. Several Toll/IL-1R (TIR) domain-containing adapter molecul ...
... TLR2 upon treatment with conserved bacterial components (10, 13–15, 17). To elucidate these apparently discrepant findings, we investigated the roles of TLR adapter proteins as proapoptotic signal transmitters downstream from TLR activation. Several Toll/IL-1R (TIR) domain-containing adapter molecul ...
Starvation Induces Vacuolar Targeting and Degradation of the
... els of GAP1 transcription and GAP1 sorting and degradation (Stanbrough and Magasanik, 1995; Roberg et al., 1997b; Springael and Andre, 1998). The second class of amino acid permeases consists of mainly high affinity transporters that are specific for single amino acids or a small set of structurally ...
... els of GAP1 transcription and GAP1 sorting and degradation (Stanbrough and Magasanik, 1995; Roberg et al., 1997b; Springael and Andre, 1998). The second class of amino acid permeases consists of mainly high affinity transporters that are specific for single amino acids or a small set of structurally ...
A Model of Primitive Streak Initiation in the Chick Embryo
... using traditional models of embryonic pattern formation, such as reaction di!usion and mechanochemical models. These models do not naturally exhibit size regulation, the property of creating patterns which adapt to the size of the domain. In general, in these models, the number of pattern elements i ...
... using traditional models of embryonic pattern formation, such as reaction di!usion and mechanochemical models. These models do not naturally exhibit size regulation, the property of creating patterns which adapt to the size of the domain. In general, in these models, the number of pattern elements i ...
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) adhesion to intestinal
... and effacing’ (A/E) lesions on small intestinal enterocytes. EPEC adhesins that have been associated with A/E adhesion and intestinal colonization include bundle-forming pili (BFP), EspA filaments and intimin. BFP are involved in bacteria–bacteria interaction and microcolony formation but their role ...
... and effacing’ (A/E) lesions on small intestinal enterocytes. EPEC adhesins that have been associated with A/E adhesion and intestinal colonization include bundle-forming pili (BFP), EspA filaments and intimin. BFP are involved in bacteria–bacteria interaction and microcolony formation but their role ...
Differential localization of LTA synthesis proteins and their
... 2009; Webb et al., 2009; Wörmann et al., 2011a). This is further emphasized by the observation that the B. subtilis glycosyltransferase UgtP, the homologue of the S. aureus YpfP protein, as well as LtaS and YqgS, two of the four LtaS homologues, localize to the cell division site in this organism (N ...
... 2009; Webb et al., 2009; Wörmann et al., 2011a). This is further emphasized by the observation that the B. subtilis glycosyltransferase UgtP, the homologue of the S. aureus YpfP protein, as well as LtaS and YqgS, two of the four LtaS homologues, localize to the cell division site in this organism (N ...
Systematic comparison of single-chain Fv antibody
... Single-chain fragment variable antibody fragments (scFv) are recombinant molecules which can be derived from phage display libraries [11] or alternatively from hybridomas secreting whole murine antibodies by RT-PCR amplification of the variable antibody domain sequences. Although of murine origin, t ...
... Single-chain fragment variable antibody fragments (scFv) are recombinant molecules which can be derived from phage display libraries [11] or alternatively from hybridomas secreting whole murine antibodies by RT-PCR amplification of the variable antibody domain sequences. Although of murine origin, t ...
Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Formation at ER Exit Sites
... where full inhibition of ER export by Fapp1-PH is observed (Figure 2A). We did not observe specific interactions between Sar1 and any of the PH domains tested (not shown). We thus analyzed whether the inhibitory effect of Fapp1-PH on ER export is due to PtdIns4P binding. Fapp1-PH added together with ...
... where full inhibition of ER export by Fapp1-PH is observed (Figure 2A). We did not observe specific interactions between Sar1 and any of the PH domains tested (not shown). We thus analyzed whether the inhibitory effect of Fapp1-PH on ER export is due to PtdIns4P binding. Fapp1-PH added together with ...
Photosynthesis Research
... slide surfaces have caused about 15 grana to become sufficiently detached as to form a loop extending away from the main body of the chloroplast. Six grana in the loop are very conspicuous, and two arrows point to fine threads connecting grana just at the limit of resolution of the phase microscope. T ...
... slide surfaces have caused about 15 grana to become sufficiently detached as to form a loop extending away from the main body of the chloroplast. Six grana in the loop are very conspicuous, and two arrows point to fine threads connecting grana just at the limit of resolution of the phase microscope. T ...
Chloroplasts in living cells and the string-of
... slide surfaces have caused about 15 grana to become sufficiently detached as to form a loop extending away from the main body of the chloroplast. Six grana in the loop are very conspicuous, and two arrows point to fine threads connecting grana just at the limit of resolution of the phase microscope. ...
... slide surfaces have caused about 15 grana to become sufficiently detached as to form a loop extending away from the main body of the chloroplast. Six grana in the loop are very conspicuous, and two arrows point to fine threads connecting grana just at the limit of resolution of the phase microscope. ...
Mypt1-mediated spatial positioning of Bmp2
... LPM directly adjacent to the liver-forming endoderm plays a crucial role in hepatoblast specification in zebrafish, acting to induce the expression of hhex and prox1 (Ober et al., 2006). Retinoic acid (RA), acting during gastrulation, is also necessary for the specification of hepatoblasts in zebraf ...
... LPM directly adjacent to the liver-forming endoderm plays a crucial role in hepatoblast specification in zebrafish, acting to induce the expression of hhex and prox1 (Ober et al., 2006). Retinoic acid (RA), acting during gastrulation, is also necessary for the specification of hepatoblasts in zebraf ...
The flowers, seeds and seed oil of madhuka have
... used, time of collection, method of preparation of formulation and methods of application are also necessary since they all affect the nature and amount of any biologically active compounds. Any restriction on use due to time of year may be important since they may indicate low levels or high levels ...
... used, time of collection, method of preparation of formulation and methods of application are also necessary since they all affect the nature and amount of any biologically active compounds. Any restriction on use due to time of year may be important since they may indicate low levels or high levels ...
Changes in the Nuclear Envelope Environment Affect
... envelope. Yeast and vertebrate nuclear pore complexes each have four pore membrane (POM) nucleoporins containing transmembrane domains. Other nucleoporins have motifs with potential for bending membranes or sensing membrane curvature. Thus, certain nuclear pore complex components may have the abilit ...
... envelope. Yeast and vertebrate nuclear pore complexes each have four pore membrane (POM) nucleoporins containing transmembrane domains. Other nucleoporins have motifs with potential for bending membranes or sensing membrane curvature. Thus, certain nuclear pore complex components may have the abilit ...
A Unique Role for Kv3 Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels in
... both passive and active membrane properties (Poznanski, 1992; Velte and Miller, 1997; Euler et al., 2002). However, the specific ion channels present in starburst cells are essentially unknown. Identification of these channels is timely, because genetic manipulations can now be used to study their r ...
... both passive and active membrane properties (Poznanski, 1992; Velte and Miller, 1997; Euler et al., 2002). However, the specific ion channels present in starburst cells are essentially unknown. Identification of these channels is timely, because genetic manipulations can now be used to study their r ...
Isolated Osteoclasts Resorb the Organic and Inorganic Components
... electron microscopy, these cells were seen to have the abundant mitochondria and the extensive membrane ruffling characteristic of osteoclasts (Fig. 2). Binding of osteoclast-specific antibody confirmed that the cells were osteoclasts (Fig. 3). Isolated osteoclasts, incubated with 45Ca o r L-[5-aH]p ...
... electron microscopy, these cells were seen to have the abundant mitochondria and the extensive membrane ruffling characteristic of osteoclasts (Fig. 2). Binding of osteoclast-specific antibody confirmed that the cells were osteoclasts (Fig. 3). Isolated osteoclasts, incubated with 45Ca o r L-[5-aH]p ...
Passive transfer of anti-herpes simplex virus type 2
... antibody to selected viral glycoproteins is highly effective at preventing the development of blinding corneal disease. Ten different glycoproteins have been identified on the virion surface and the plasma membrane of the infected host cell where they serve as targets of the immune response.1718 Gly ...
... antibody to selected viral glycoproteins is highly effective at preventing the development of blinding corneal disease. Ten different glycoproteins have been identified on the virion surface and the plasma membrane of the infected host cell where they serve as targets of the immune response.1718 Gly ...
Cell encapsulation
Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of the cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane that permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins. At the same time, the semi-permeable nature of the membrane prevents immune cells and antibodies from destroying the encapsulated cells regarding them as foreign invaders.The main motive of cell encapsulation technology is to overcome the existing problem of graft rejection in tissue engineering applications and thus reduce the need for long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant to control side effects.