Relating the mechanics of the primary plant cell
... Alterations in the ratio of arabinan and galactan side chains in RG-Is affect the mechanical behavior of the cell wall RG-Is are very complex structurally heterogeneous branched glycan domains with repeating units of [→2)-α-lRhap-(1→4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→] in the backbone. RG-I structure is highly versati ...
... Alterations in the ratio of arabinan and galactan side chains in RG-Is affect the mechanical behavior of the cell wall RG-Is are very complex structurally heterogeneous branched glycan domains with repeating units of [→2)-α-lRhap-(1→4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→] in the backbone. RG-I structure is highly versati ...
Why Biodegradable Polymer
... – Drug delivery (difficult to predict drug release rate due to swelling) – Polymers containing more than three or more amino acids may trigger antigenic response. – Tyrosine derived polycarbonates developed as high-strength degradable orthopaedic implants. ...
... – Drug delivery (difficult to predict drug release rate due to swelling) – Polymers containing more than three or more amino acids may trigger antigenic response. – Tyrosine derived polycarbonates developed as high-strength degradable orthopaedic implants. ...
Roles of FGFs as adipokines in adipose tissue development
... and metabolism (Wang et al., 2008; Galic et al., 2010). Although BAT also produces adipokines, the endocrine roles of BAT are needed to determine by further research (Villarroya et al., 2013). Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are signaling proteins with diverse functions in development, metabolism, ...
... and metabolism (Wang et al., 2008; Galic et al., 2010). Although BAT also produces adipokines, the endocrine roles of BAT are needed to determine by further research (Villarroya et al., 2013). Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are signaling proteins with diverse functions in development, metabolism, ...
hycamtin pi - Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
... Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety of HYCAMTIN capsules wa ...
... Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety of HYCAMTIN capsules wa ...
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... Mammalian lenses develop from a surface ectoderm-derived vesicle. The anterior cells of the vesicle differentiate into lens epithelial cells, while the cells that make up the posterior half of the vesicle differentiate into primary fiber cells. A single layer of epithelial cells lines the anterior h ...
... Mammalian lenses develop from a surface ectoderm-derived vesicle. The anterior cells of the vesicle differentiate into lens epithelial cells, while the cells that make up the posterior half of the vesicle differentiate into primary fiber cells. A single layer of epithelial cells lines the anterior h ...
Japanese encephalitis virus replication is negatively regulated by
... to JEV infection we monitored the processing of LC3-I to its lipidated membrane-bound form LC3-II. The mouse neuroblastoma cell line Neuro2a was transfected with GFP-LC3 and set up for serum-starvation or JEV-infection (Fig. 1). In mockinfected Neuro2a cells, GFP-LC3 shows a diffuse distribution (Fi ...
... to JEV infection we monitored the processing of LC3-I to its lipidated membrane-bound form LC3-II. The mouse neuroblastoma cell line Neuro2a was transfected with GFP-LC3 and set up for serum-starvation or JEV-infection (Fig. 1). In mockinfected Neuro2a cells, GFP-LC3 shows a diffuse distribution (Fi ...
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... From stage-16H.H. embryos, cholinesterase activity is localized in the whole ectodermal layer, mainly in the dorsal side of the limb (Fig. 1). The positive reaction is found in most of the ectodermal cells, either in the outer flat cells or in the inner isodiametric ones, which are in contact to the ...
... From stage-16H.H. embryos, cholinesterase activity is localized in the whole ectodermal layer, mainly in the dorsal side of the limb (Fig. 1). The positive reaction is found in most of the ectodermal cells, either in the outer flat cells or in the inner isodiametric ones, which are in contact to the ...
Chemical Induction of Hsp70 Reduces -Synuclein
... Based on these data, chemical modulation of Hsp70 provides a new avenue to prevent α-syn aggregation and, potentially, to treat protein misfolding diseases in which the formation of nonnative proteinaceous inclusion bodies is associated with neurodegeneration. To this end, a number of small molecule ...
... Based on these data, chemical modulation of Hsp70 provides a new avenue to prevent α-syn aggregation and, potentially, to treat protein misfolding diseases in which the formation of nonnative proteinaceous inclusion bodies is associated with neurodegeneration. To this end, a number of small molecule ...
Mitochondria use actin filaments as rails for fast translocation in
... mitochondria moving slowly along microtubules (0.220.05 m m s1), while in our study, mitochondria movement along microtubules was less than our limit of detection (0.3 m m s1). In any case, our in vivo study shows that mitochondria and peroxisomes in Arabidopsis and tobacco move quickly and over ...
... mitochondria moving slowly along microtubules (0.220.05 m m s1), while in our study, mitochondria movement along microtubules was less than our limit of detection (0.3 m m s1). In any case, our in vivo study shows that mitochondria and peroxisomes in Arabidopsis and tobacco move quickly and over ...
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
... peptide of antibacterial activity cannot be compared with one of antibiotics as it ...
... peptide of antibacterial activity cannot be compared with one of antibiotics as it ...
Morphogenesis of intestinal villi
... Cytochalasin B (CB) has been widely used in the investigation of cell motility because it inhibits many kinds of cell movements, as first described by Carter (1967). The list of folding in epithelia inhibited by CB includes morphogenesis of oviduct epithelium (Wrenn & Wessells, 1970; Wrenn, 1971), m ...
... Cytochalasin B (CB) has been widely used in the investigation of cell motility because it inhibits many kinds of cell movements, as first described by Carter (1967). The list of folding in epithelia inhibited by CB includes morphogenesis of oviduct epithelium (Wrenn & Wessells, 1970; Wrenn, 1971), m ...
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... Cytochalasin B (CB) has been widely used in the investigation of cell motility because it inhibits many kinds of cell movements, as first described by Carter (1967). The list of folding in epithelia inhibited by CB includes morphogenesis of oviduct epithelium (Wrenn & Wessells, 1970; Wrenn, 1971), m ...
... Cytochalasin B (CB) has been widely used in the investigation of cell motility because it inhibits many kinds of cell movements, as first described by Carter (1967). The list of folding in epithelia inhibited by CB includes morphogenesis of oviduct epithelium (Wrenn & Wessells, 1970; Wrenn, 1971), m ...
Symmetry, asymmetry, and the cell cycle in plants: known knowns
... Symmetry, asymmetry, and the cell cycle in plants | 2647 by the cell divisions that lead to the formation of cortical and endodermal cell files, the two lineages that constitute the root ground tissue. In the root meristem, the cortex/endodermal initial cell (CEI) experiences a transverse asymmet ...
... Symmetry, asymmetry, and the cell cycle in plants | 2647 by the cell divisions that lead to the formation of cortical and endodermal cell files, the two lineages that constitute the root ground tissue. In the root meristem, the cortex/endodermal initial cell (CEI) experiences a transverse asymmet ...
Intravenously-Delivered Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Systemic Anti
... engraft in ischemic myocardium, led to reliance on either intracoronary, transendocardial or intramyocardial administration of stem cells18-22. Our strategy for stem cell administration was based on a very different paradigm. If an excessive and prolonged inflammatory process is a key player in caus ...
... engraft in ischemic myocardium, led to reliance on either intracoronary, transendocardial or intramyocardial administration of stem cells18-22. Our strategy for stem cell administration was based on a very different paradigm. If an excessive and prolonged inflammatory process is a key player in caus ...
VIII. B S
... sulfide gradients during a day/night cycle (Fründ and Cohen, 1992). Indeed, the presence of steep gradients in the concentrations of oxygen and sulfide are characteristic of their vertical profile due to high microbial activity of their former populations. These fluctuations induce harmful condition ...
... sulfide gradients during a day/night cycle (Fründ and Cohen, 1992). Indeed, the presence of steep gradients in the concentrations of oxygen and sulfide are characteristic of their vertical profile due to high microbial activity of their former populations. These fluctuations induce harmful condition ...
Digging for the roots of amoeboid motility
... seen what the signature actin regulators evolutionarily associated with the lamellipodial or bleb-based forms of actin-based motility are. Second, and perhaps more interestingly, α motility likely existed in the last eukaryotic common ancestor. This conclusion is based on the evidence that both WASP ...
... seen what the signature actin regulators evolutionarily associated with the lamellipodial or bleb-based forms of actin-based motility are. Second, and perhaps more interestingly, α motility likely existed in the last eukaryotic common ancestor. This conclusion is based on the evidence that both WASP ...
Identification of Bacterial Species
... Gram-negative bacteria. The cells are then dipped into an iodine solution; iodine is the mordant, meaning that it is a substance that increases the affinity of the cell for crystal violet so that crystal violet is more difficult to remove from the cell. Iodine forms large complexes with crystal viol ...
... Gram-negative bacteria. The cells are then dipped into an iodine solution; iodine is the mordant, meaning that it is a substance that increases the affinity of the cell for crystal violet so that crystal violet is more difficult to remove from the cell. Iodine forms large complexes with crystal viol ...
A feeling for the micro-organism: structure on a small scale. Biofilms
... foul pipes, anaerobic sludge bed reactors, cooling towers and ship hulls. Microbial biofilms on surfaces cost the USA billions of dollars yearly in equipment damage, product contamination, energy losses and medical infections (see Costerton & Stewart, 2001). Some biofilm bacteria are resistant to an ...
... foul pipes, anaerobic sludge bed reactors, cooling towers and ship hulls. Microbial biofilms on surfaces cost the USA billions of dollars yearly in equipment damage, product contamination, energy losses and medical infections (see Costerton & Stewart, 2001). Some biofilm bacteria are resistant to an ...
Patterns of pathogenesis: discrimination of pathogenic and nonpathogenic microbes by the innate immune system.
... the best-characterized versions of this strategy is the deployment of AB toxins, in which a B subunit mediates binding and translocation of the enzymatic A subunit into the host cytosol (Finlay and Falkow, 1997). For example, the B subunit of anthrax toxin, called protective antigen (PA), mediates t ...
... the best-characterized versions of this strategy is the deployment of AB toxins, in which a B subunit mediates binding and translocation of the enzymatic A subunit into the host cytosol (Finlay and Falkow, 1997). For example, the B subunit of anthrax toxin, called protective antigen (PA), mediates t ...
Embryonic stem cell differentiation: emergence of a new era in
... consist of an inner cluster of maturing erythrocytes surrounded by a layer of developing endothelial cells (Haar and Ackerman 1971). The erythroid cells within these blood islands, known as primitive erythrocytes, are distinct from fetal and adult erythrocytes in that they are large, circulate in th ...
... consist of an inner cluster of maturing erythrocytes surrounded by a layer of developing endothelial cells (Haar and Ackerman 1971). The erythroid cells within these blood islands, known as primitive erythrocytes, are distinct from fetal and adult erythrocytes in that they are large, circulate in th ...
Reviews
... indication that accumulation of HA coincided with periods of cellular migration in the tissues.21,22 Later studies confirmed that this is a common pattern, and it happens also in wound healing. Coming back to the chemicophysical view engendered by the application of classic techniques of polymer che ...
... indication that accumulation of HA coincided with periods of cellular migration in the tissues.21,22 Later studies confirmed that this is a common pattern, and it happens also in wound healing. Coming back to the chemicophysical view engendered by the application of classic techniques of polymer che ...
In all vertebrate embryos examined so far, the first
... By 2-4 dpf, heavily stained amoeboid cells are present in all embryos (Figure 1A,1B), mostly in the ventral moiety (Figure 1B,a-b): in the cephalic mesenchyme, notably in contact with muscles (Figure 1B,c), in the epidermis and around the base of olfactory pits and neuromasts of the lateral line (Fi ...
... By 2-4 dpf, heavily stained amoeboid cells are present in all embryos (Figure 1A,1B), mostly in the ventral moiety (Figure 1B,a-b): in the cephalic mesenchyme, notably in contact with muscles (Figure 1B,c), in the epidermis and around the base of olfactory pits and neuromasts of the lateral line (Fi ...
Xylem Structure and Function
... dispersal associated with increase in height, and later competition for sunlight, increased the selection pressure for plants that could grow taller than other plants. The most successful plants were able to support more weight, transport water further and sustain growth for more than one season. Th ...
... dispersal associated with increase in height, and later competition for sunlight, increased the selection pressure for plants that could grow taller than other plants. The most successful plants were able to support more weight, transport water further and sustain growth for more than one season. Th ...
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... claims were based on data obtained with immunofluorescence or cell fractionation, approaches that can easily give misleading results, as discussed below. However, a number of studies where more sophisticated techniques were employed have provided evidence that at least some of these proteins are ind ...
... claims were based on data obtained with immunofluorescence or cell fractionation, approaches that can easily give misleading results, as discussed below. However, a number of studies where more sophisticated techniques were employed have provided evidence that at least some of these proteins are ind ...
Cell encapsulation
Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of the cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane that permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins. At the same time, the semi-permeable nature of the membrane prevents immune cells and antibodies from destroying the encapsulated cells regarding them as foreign invaders.The main motive of cell encapsulation technology is to overcome the existing problem of graft rejection in tissue engineering applications and thus reduce the need for long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant to control side effects.