Locus-Specific Control of DNA Methylation by the
... In wild-type Ws, the PAI1 gene in the PAI1-PAI4 inverted repeat provides the major source of PAI enzyme, as a result of expression from a fortuitous upstream unmethylated promoter. To monitor the transcriptional activity of the functional but silenced PAI2, we isolated a pai1 missense mutation that ...
... In wild-type Ws, the PAI1 gene in the PAI1-PAI4 inverted repeat provides the major source of PAI enzyme, as a result of expression from a fortuitous upstream unmethylated promoter. To monitor the transcriptional activity of the functional but silenced PAI2, we isolated a pai1 missense mutation that ...
How and why does β-actin mRNA target?
... In situ hybridization has shown that β-actin mRNA is localized at the front of cells near the leading edge of lamellipods of crawling cells (Hill and Gunning, 1993; Sundell and Singer, 1990). Furthermore, the localization of β-actin mRNA is correlated with the localization of β-actin protein to apic ...
... In situ hybridization has shown that β-actin mRNA is localized at the front of cells near the leading edge of lamellipods of crawling cells (Hill and Gunning, 1993; Sundell and Singer, 1990). Furthermore, the localization of β-actin mRNA is correlated with the localization of β-actin protein to apic ...
The beneficial role of proteolysis in skeletal muscle growth and
... restructuring and muscle growth (Fig. 2). Collectively, these studies offer an alternative function for the proteasome, for what otherwise has been largely considered to be a conveyor of muscle wasting and pathology. ...
... restructuring and muscle growth (Fig. 2). Collectively, these studies offer an alternative function for the proteasome, for what otherwise has been largely considered to be a conveyor of muscle wasting and pathology. ...
casanova and endoderm formation - Development
... embryos, we first show that, in contrast to mesoderm development, endoderm development requires sustained Nodal signalling. Then, we show that cas is initially expressed in a subdomain of the bon/mixer expression domain, that cas expression requires a functional bon/mixer gene and can be induced in ...
... embryos, we first show that, in contrast to mesoderm development, endoderm development requires sustained Nodal signalling. Then, we show that cas is initially expressed in a subdomain of the bon/mixer expression domain, that cas expression requires a functional bon/mixer gene and can be induced in ...
Glycosyltransferase activity of Fringe modulates
... of Notch and alters the ability of Notch to bind its ligand Delta. Fringe catalyses the addition of N-acetylglucosamine to fucose, which is consistent with a role in the elongation of O-linked fucose O-glycosylation that is associated with EGF repeats. We suggest that cell-type-specific modification ...
... of Notch and alters the ability of Notch to bind its ligand Delta. Fringe catalyses the addition of N-acetylglucosamine to fucose, which is consistent with a role in the elongation of O-linked fucose O-glycosylation that is associated with EGF repeats. We suggest that cell-type-specific modification ...
Here - Muscle Health Research Centre
... WHILE THE ABILITY for skeletal muscle to grow, adapt, and regenerate is well known, the numerous factors governing this ability are less well defined. Furthermore, satellite cells, the primary stem cell of skeletal muscle, are critical to these capacities of skeletal muscle and the factors governing ...
... WHILE THE ABILITY for skeletal muscle to grow, adapt, and regenerate is well known, the numerous factors governing this ability are less well defined. Furthermore, satellite cells, the primary stem cell of skeletal muscle, are critical to these capacities of skeletal muscle and the factors governing ...
Nucleation and Dynamics of Golgi-derived Microtubules
... the pool of MT-nucleating factors in cells is likely restricted and has to be redistributed between the centrosome and the Golgi via regulated scaffolding. For example, release of centrosomal nucleation machinery by Cep192 depletion facilitates Golgiderived nucleation (O’Rourke et al., 2014).This do ...
... the pool of MT-nucleating factors in cells is likely restricted and has to be redistributed between the centrosome and the Golgi via regulated scaffolding. For example, release of centrosomal nucleation machinery by Cep192 depletion facilitates Golgiderived nucleation (O’Rourke et al., 2014).This do ...
First description of giant Archaea (Thaumarchaeota)
... non-eukaryotic status is also suggested by the absence of 18S rDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications. The presence of a gene indicative for ammonia oxidation (AmoA) has been tested using rDNA PCR amplifications with universal primers, but all our results were negative. So, at this time, ...
... non-eukaryotic status is also suggested by the absence of 18S rDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications. The presence of a gene indicative for ammonia oxidation (AmoA) has been tested using rDNA PCR amplifications with universal primers, but all our results were negative. So, at this time, ...
FVIII-specific human chimeric antigen receptor T
... transduced T-effector cells, were used for the assays. Transduced cells were labeled with 10 mM eFluor 450 cell proliferation dye (CPD, eBioscience) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. 2.5 3 105 CPD-labeled transduced ANS8 CAR T-effector cells were incubated with 1 mg/mL soluble recombinan ...
... transduced T-effector cells, were used for the assays. Transduced cells were labeled with 10 mM eFluor 450 cell proliferation dye (CPD, eBioscience) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. 2.5 3 105 CPD-labeled transduced ANS8 CAR T-effector cells were incubated with 1 mg/mL soluble recombinan ...
Tcf3: a transcriptional regulator of axis induction in the early embryo
... The roles of Lef/Tcf proteins in determining cell fate characteristics have been described in many contexts during vertebrate embryogenesis, organ and tissue homeostasis, and cancer formation. Although much of the accumulated work on these proteins involves their ability to transactivate target gene ...
... The roles of Lef/Tcf proteins in determining cell fate characteristics have been described in many contexts during vertebrate embryogenesis, organ and tissue homeostasis, and cancer formation. Although much of the accumulated work on these proteins involves their ability to transactivate target gene ...
The structure and function of the Golgi apparatus
... juxtanuclear position, their position in plant cells generally seems irregular. However, at least in some situations, they apparently move to a location where their activity is needed. One example of such mobility is the organization of Golgi stacks near the growing cell plate at the end of mitosis. ...
... juxtanuclear position, their position in plant cells generally seems irregular. However, at least in some situations, they apparently move to a location where their activity is needed. One example of such mobility is the organization of Golgi stacks near the growing cell plate at the end of mitosis. ...
ch 9 cellular respiration - OG
... Where do light-independent reactions take place in the chloroplast? 30 pts Photosynthesis II ...
... Where do light-independent reactions take place in the chloroplast? 30 pts Photosynthesis II ...
XBF-2 is a transcriptional repressor that converts ectoderm into
... (Witta et al., 1995). Genes that may also contribute to neural fates include Sox2, which is expressed throughout the neural plate and predisposes cells to respond to signals such as FGF (Mizuseki et al., 1998a) and the more potent neuralizing agent SoxD, which can induce ectopic neural and neuronal ...
... (Witta et al., 1995). Genes that may also contribute to neural fates include Sox2, which is expressed throughout the neural plate and predisposes cells to respond to signals such as FGF (Mizuseki et al., 1998a) and the more potent neuralizing agent SoxD, which can induce ectopic neural and neuronal ...
estimating abundance respirating bacteria
... i.e. eliminating non-specific DAPI staining of other cellular components, and suggested that only those cells with identifiable stained nucleoid regions should be considered to be alive. In addition, using transmission electron rnicroscopy, Heissenberger et al. (1996) found that for freely suspended ...
... i.e. eliminating non-specific DAPI staining of other cellular components, and suggested that only those cells with identifiable stained nucleoid regions should be considered to be alive. In addition, using transmission electron rnicroscopy, Heissenberger et al. (1996) found that for freely suspended ...
Phage adsorption and lytic propagation in
... phage particle subpopulations under starvation conditions: those that can infect starved cells and those that are not able to do. These subpopulations have differences in their ability to adsorb on bacterial cells. So, phage T4 would prevent it adsorption on host cells by retracting its tail fibers ...
... phage particle subpopulations under starvation conditions: those that can infect starved cells and those that are not able to do. These subpopulations have differences in their ability to adsorb on bacterial cells. So, phage T4 would prevent it adsorption on host cells by retracting its tail fibers ...
Running title - White Rose Research Online
... the importance of redox regulation in linking the fundamental energetic processes of the cell to developmental regulation required for stress survival has become increasingly accepted, some stresses may depend on redox processes to a greater degree than others. Drought is now widely considered to in ...
... the importance of redox regulation in linking the fundamental energetic processes of the cell to developmental regulation required for stress survival has become increasingly accepted, some stresses may depend on redox processes to a greater degree than others. Drought is now widely considered to in ...
Minireview
... when the H4 tail is removed (Fan et al., 2004). The acetylation of the tail of H4, in particular lysine 16, is a key feature of actively transcribed regions of chromatin (see also Review by B. Li et al., in this issue). To examine its role in regulating chromatin compaction, histone H4 acetylated on ...
... when the H4 tail is removed (Fan et al., 2004). The acetylation of the tail of H4, in particular lysine 16, is a key feature of actively transcribed regions of chromatin (see also Review by B. Li et al., in this issue). To examine its role in regulating chromatin compaction, histone H4 acetylated on ...
Hormonally Regulated Programmed Cell Death in
... presence of GA and/or Ca21, but that GA synchronized and accelerated the process of cell death. More recently, Kuo et al. (1996) examined GA responses in wheat aleurone layers and showed that, as in barley, GA treatment accelerated cell death. GA-induced cell death in wheat was prevented by the prot ...
... presence of GA and/or Ca21, but that GA synchronized and accelerated the process of cell death. More recently, Kuo et al. (1996) examined GA responses in wheat aleurone layers and showed that, as in barley, GA treatment accelerated cell death. GA-induced cell death in wheat was prevented by the prot ...
Identification of Primary Lysosomes in Human
... than the a-granules, which are unreactive. Tissue fixed in paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde for 30 mm at 4’C and incubated for 2 hr at 250’C in Goldfischer’s ...
... than the a-granules, which are unreactive. Tissue fixed in paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde for 30 mm at 4’C and incubated for 2 hr at 250’C in Goldfischer’s ...
Detergent-Insoluble Membrane Compartment CD20 Required for Its
... loops. Complete digestion of extracellular regions would be expected to result in either 8- or 15-kDa N-terminal fragments depending on whether the polypeptide is exposed at the cell surface on the carboxyl side of TM1. For these studies we used both trypsin, which cuts specifically on the carboxyli ...
... loops. Complete digestion of extracellular regions would be expected to result in either 8- or 15-kDa N-terminal fragments depending on whether the polypeptide is exposed at the cell surface on the carboxyl side of TM1. For these studies we used both trypsin, which cuts specifically on the carboxyli ...
A1982PM90100001
... in serum was not always an accurate measure of the degree of folate deficiency since very low results could be obtained in many patients without any haematological evidence of the deficiency. “A number of groups in Israel, Sweden, Canada, Holland, and Britain had already reported assays of whole blo ...
... in serum was not always an accurate measure of the degree of folate deficiency since very low results could be obtained in many patients without any haematological evidence of the deficiency. “A number of groups in Israel, Sweden, Canada, Holland, and Britain had already reported assays of whole blo ...
Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia with all
... RETINOIC ACID THERAPY IN ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA (a) Cellular mechanism of all-trans retinoic acid The action mode of ATRA appears to be quite different from that of CT. The persistence of t(15;17) in a large number of morphologically mature granulocytes during in vivo remission induction is a ...
... RETINOIC ACID THERAPY IN ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA (a) Cellular mechanism of all-trans retinoic acid The action mode of ATRA appears to be quite different from that of CT. The persistence of t(15;17) in a large number of morphologically mature granulocytes during in vivo remission induction is a ...
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1
... indeed siRNA-mediated knockdown of MEK2 inhibited ERK activation still more effectively than depletion of MEK1. Simultaneous MEK1 and MEK2 knockdown was most effective and abolished the ERK activation induced by hyposaline treatment. It is noteworthy that even double-knockdown did not eliminate rest ...
... indeed siRNA-mediated knockdown of MEK2 inhibited ERK activation still more effectively than depletion of MEK1. Simultaneous MEK1 and MEK2 knockdown was most effective and abolished the ERK activation induced by hyposaline treatment. It is noteworthy that even double-knockdown did not eliminate rest ...
Binding Sites for Bacterial Flagella at the Surface of the Soil Amoeba
... adsorption of motile bacteria prior to endocytosis. This would represent an excellent feeding strategy for a soil-dwelling phagotroph. INTRODUCTION ...
... adsorption of motile bacteria prior to endocytosis. This would represent an excellent feeding strategy for a soil-dwelling phagotroph. INTRODUCTION ...
Hox genes, neural crest cells and branchial arch patterning Paul A
... and consequently altered their identity in their new location. This implies that single or dispersed rhombomere cells lack the neighboring signals necessary to reinforce their identity. Hence they respond and adapt to their new surrounding environment by altering gene expression [20••]. Further evid ...
... and consequently altered their identity in their new location. This implies that single or dispersed rhombomere cells lack the neighboring signals necessary to reinforce their identity. Hence they respond and adapt to their new surrounding environment by altering gene expression [20••]. Further evid ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.