RNA Processing Bodies, Peroxisomes, Golgi Bodies, Mitochondria
... et al. 2010). Interestingly, although actin filaments sustain long-distance transport of plant organelles, it has recently been observed that microtubules influence short-distance behavior, causing pauses for both peroxisomes (Chuong et al. 2005) and the Golgi (Crowell et al. 2009, Gutierrez et al. ...
... et al. 2010). Interestingly, although actin filaments sustain long-distance transport of plant organelles, it has recently been observed that microtubules influence short-distance behavior, causing pauses for both peroxisomes (Chuong et al. 2005) and the Golgi (Crowell et al. 2009, Gutierrez et al. ...
Active gel physics
... for scalar densities have not only convection and diffusion fluxes, but they have additional terms characteristic of activity. Indeed, both the bend and splay of a nematic director have the symmetry of a vector and, owing to the absence of time-reversal symmetry, they can enter the expression for the ...
... for scalar densities have not only convection and diffusion fluxes, but they have additional terms characteristic of activity. Indeed, both the bend and splay of a nematic director have the symmetry of a vector and, owing to the absence of time-reversal symmetry, they can enter the expression for the ...
Lead detected
... The distribution of lead in root tips of Dianthus carthusianorum was compared in populations from a zinc-lead waste heap in Bolesław near Olkusz and from a natural stand in the Botanical Garden in Lublin. The analyses were made at two developmental stages: seedlings (after 8 days of incubation in 5 ...
... The distribution of lead in root tips of Dianthus carthusianorum was compared in populations from a zinc-lead waste heap in Bolesław near Olkusz and from a natural stand in the Botanical Garden in Lublin. The analyses were made at two developmental stages: seedlings (after 8 days of incubation in 5 ...
Molecular Microbioiogy
... mutants were found to be devoid of adhesin activity. Attachment ability of chvB mutants could be restored by addition of active wild-type rhicadhesin. Presumably chvB mutants produce an inactive form of rhicadhesin. It was concluded that lack of active rhicadhesin is directly responsible for the att ...
... mutants were found to be devoid of adhesin activity. Attachment ability of chvB mutants could be restored by addition of active wild-type rhicadhesin. Presumably chvB mutants produce an inactive form of rhicadhesin. It was concluded that lack of active rhicadhesin is directly responsible for the att ...
Comparison of fermentation rates of a wild-type and
... of 0.6413 was reported (p-value not ≤ 0.05). Our prediction, the pattern of ethanol production being the same for both wild-type and mutant strains, is supported by our results. Figure 4 shows the ethanol concentrations per cell of both the wild-type and mutant strains continuing to increase throug ...
... of 0.6413 was reported (p-value not ≤ 0.05). Our prediction, the pattern of ethanol production being the same for both wild-type and mutant strains, is supported by our results. Figure 4 shows the ethanol concentrations per cell of both the wild-type and mutant strains continuing to increase throug ...
Control of the Actin Cytoskeleton in Plant Cell Growth
... phenotypes restricted to root hair positioning and growth (69, 79). Although overexpression of ACT2 under its own promoter does not cause any strong defects, overexpression of ACT1 under the ACT2 promoter causes dwarfed plants and morphological changes in most organs, which correlates with a strong ...
... phenotypes restricted to root hair positioning and growth (69, 79). Although overexpression of ACT2 under its own promoter does not cause any strong defects, overexpression of ACT1 under the ACT2 promoter causes dwarfed plants and morphological changes in most organs, which correlates with a strong ...
Extracellular O2 Probe
... Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in numerous disease states and is also a major mechanism of drug-induced toxicity. Oxygen consumption is one of the most informative and direct measures of mitochondrial function. Traditional methods of measuring oxygen consumption are hampered by the limitati ...
... Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in numerous disease states and is also a major mechanism of drug-induced toxicity. Oxygen consumption is one of the most informative and direct measures of mitochondrial function. Traditional methods of measuring oxygen consumption are hampered by the limitati ...
Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Formation at ER Exit Sites
... GST-PH domains were tested at concentrations within the range of their binding affinities to PtdIns containing liposomes. GST-Fapp1-PH, which selectively interacts with PtdIns4P (Dowler et al., 2000), inhibited VSV-Gts export at concentrations of 2–3 mM (Figures 1C and 1G and titration in Figure 2D) ...
... GST-PH domains were tested at concentrations within the range of their binding affinities to PtdIns containing liposomes. GST-Fapp1-PH, which selectively interacts with PtdIns4P (Dowler et al., 2000), inhibited VSV-Gts export at concentrations of 2–3 mM (Figures 1C and 1G and titration in Figure 2D) ...
Merlin and Expanded interact - Development
... Merlin also contains a predicted coiled-coil domain, but lacks the actin-binding domain found at the C terminus of ERM proteins. Nonetheless, Merlin has been shown to interact with ...
... Merlin also contains a predicted coiled-coil domain, but lacks the actin-binding domain found at the C terminus of ERM proteins. Nonetheless, Merlin has been shown to interact with ...
View/Open - Queen Mary University of London
... This gap in our knowledge surrounding the issue of whether premalignant progression in BO is exclusive to columnar metaplasia showing goblet cell differentiation impacts our understanding of the histopathological progression to cancer in the distal oesophagus. We reasoned that by reconstructing line ...
... This gap in our knowledge surrounding the issue of whether premalignant progression in BO is exclusive to columnar metaplasia showing goblet cell differentiation impacts our understanding of the histopathological progression to cancer in the distal oesophagus. We reasoned that by reconstructing line ...
Methyl Jasmonate-Induced Ethylene Production
... evaporation of the volatile turpentine fractions (Katoh and Croteau, 1997; Phillips and Croteau, 1999). While there is considerable information about the anatomical and biochemical defenses in conifer stems, there is little known about the regulation of constitutive and inducible defenses. Recent wo ...
... evaporation of the volatile turpentine fractions (Katoh and Croteau, 1997; Phillips and Croteau, 1999). While there is considerable information about the anatomical and biochemical defenses in conifer stems, there is little known about the regulation of constitutive and inducible defenses. Recent wo ...
Leukaemia Section t(9;14)(p13;q32) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
... factors, involved in a multitude of developmental processes. PAX5 was originally identified as a B-cell specific transcription factor (hence its original name, BSAP). Recently it has been shown that PAX5 expression is continuously required in B cell lineage commitment during early B cell development ...
... factors, involved in a multitude of developmental processes. PAX5 was originally identified as a B-cell specific transcription factor (hence its original name, BSAP). Recently it has been shown that PAX5 expression is continuously required in B cell lineage commitment during early B cell development ...
Molecular Cloning of CD68, a Human Macrophage
... By Claire L. Holness and David L. Simmons CD68 is a 1 IO-Kd transmembrane glycoproteinof unknown function highly expressed by human monocytes and tissue macrophages. We have isolated cDNA clones encoding CD68 from a U937 cDNA library by transient expression in COS cells and panning with the anti-CD6 ...
... By Claire L. Holness and David L. Simmons CD68 is a 1 IO-Kd transmembrane glycoproteinof unknown function highly expressed by human monocytes and tissue macrophages. We have isolated cDNA clones encoding CD68 from a U937 cDNA library by transient expression in COS cells and panning with the anti-CD6 ...
histology of organogenic and embryogenic responses in cotyledons
... regulators (PGRs) (El Maâtaoui et al. 1990; Fernández-Guijarro et al. 1995). This phenomenon, known as autoembryony, has been described for several species and is the basis of embryo cloning, giving this technique the potential to produce high multiplication rates (Merkle 1995). However, secondary ...
... regulators (PGRs) (El Maâtaoui et al. 1990; Fernández-Guijarro et al. 1995). This phenomenon, known as autoembryony, has been described for several species and is the basis of embryo cloning, giving this technique the potential to produce high multiplication rates (Merkle 1995). However, secondary ...
RNA Processing Bodies, Peroxisomes, Golgi
... filaments support the motility of an ER-associated, prolamine mRNA particle (Hamada et al. 2003, Wang et al. 2008). Here, we studied the movement of the P-body. This organelle is a cytoplasmic aggregation of protein and RNA, without a membrane. The P-body functions to degrade mRNA and to produce sma ...
... filaments support the motility of an ER-associated, prolamine mRNA particle (Hamada et al. 2003, Wang et al. 2008). Here, we studied the movement of the P-body. This organelle is a cytoplasmic aggregation of protein and RNA, without a membrane. The P-body functions to degrade mRNA and to produce sma ...
Topological schemas of cognitive maps and spatial learning in the
... their environment and that this map allows the animal to perform space-dependent tasks such as navigating paths, finding shortcuts, and remembering the location of their nest or food source [1]. Three decades later, O’Keefe and Dostrovsky discovered pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus, named place ...
... their environment and that this map allows the animal to perform space-dependent tasks such as navigating paths, finding shortcuts, and remembering the location of their nest or food source [1]. Three decades later, O’Keefe and Dostrovsky discovered pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus, named place ...
Microbiology with basis immunology_1
... A. embryonated eggs B. continuous cell cultures C. animals D. primary cell cultures E. blood agar ANSWER: E Viruses are spread between people in different ways, including: A. contact with contaminated blood. B. insects that transmit infected blood. C. contact with contaminated saliva or mucus. D. co ...
... A. embryonated eggs B. continuous cell cultures C. animals D. primary cell cultures E. blood agar ANSWER: E Viruses are spread between people in different ways, including: A. contact with contaminated blood. B. insects that transmit infected blood. C. contact with contaminated saliva or mucus. D. co ...
Escaping Underground Nets: Extracellular DNases Degrade
... ExDNA also forms the backbone of neutrophil extracellular traps, which are an important element of the animal immune system [8]. During microbial infection, neutrophils are recruited to the site of infection, where they release extracellular traps comprised of DNA matrices studded with antimicrobial ...
... ExDNA also forms the backbone of neutrophil extracellular traps, which are an important element of the animal immune system [8]. During microbial infection, neutrophils are recruited to the site of infection, where they release extracellular traps comprised of DNA matrices studded with antimicrobial ...
Chloroplasts in living cells and the string-of
... Gunning. CLSM observations were made of chloroplasts in leaf cells that had first been determined by phase or bright field microscopy to be in the living condition, as evidenced by vigorous cytoplasmic streaming. These observations confirmed the widespread occurrence of strings of grana in all the s ...
... Gunning. CLSM observations were made of chloroplasts in leaf cells that had first been determined by phase or bright field microscopy to be in the living condition, as evidenced by vigorous cytoplasmic streaming. These observations confirmed the widespread occurrence of strings of grana in all the s ...
Materials - HAL
... PI(4,5)P2 polar-heads was shown to decrease by 50% the association of PTPL1 with cytoskeletal fraction. These results identify the crucial role of the FERM domain in PTPL1 intracellular targeting and demonstrate that localization of PTPL1 is regulated by phosphoinositide metabolism. ...
... PI(4,5)P2 polar-heads was shown to decrease by 50% the association of PTPL1 with cytoskeletal fraction. These results identify the crucial role of the FERM domain in PTPL1 intracellular targeting and demonstrate that localization of PTPL1 is regulated by phosphoinositide metabolism. ...
Regulation of the subcellular distribution of key cellular RNA
... kinase 1 (SRPK1) phosphorylates serine/arginine-rich proteins, necessary for pre-spliceosome commitment. It was found that HCMV infection progressively increased the abundance of cytoplasmic SRPK1, which is regulated by subcellular partitioning. The essential polyadenylation factor CstF-64 was simil ...
... kinase 1 (SRPK1) phosphorylates serine/arginine-rich proteins, necessary for pre-spliceosome commitment. It was found that HCMV infection progressively increased the abundance of cytoplasmic SRPK1, which is regulated by subcellular partitioning. The essential polyadenylation factor CstF-64 was simil ...
Cytoskeletal Motors in Arabidopsis. Sixty
... classified as At1 (Dagenbach and Endow, 2004). The tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) homolog NACK1 physically interacts with a MAP kinase kinase kinase called NPK1, and they form a complex during cell division (Nishihama et al., 2002). Both NACK1 and NPK1 localize to the midline in the phragmoplast of tob ...
... classified as At1 (Dagenbach and Endow, 2004). The tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) homolog NACK1 physically interacts with a MAP kinase kinase kinase called NPK1, and they form a complex during cell division (Nishihama et al., 2002). Both NACK1 and NPK1 localize to the midline in the phragmoplast of tob ...
Enzymatic reduction of disulfide bonds in lysosomes
... eduction, oxidation, and isomerization of protein disulfide bonds in the cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells are carried out by enzymes of the thioredoxin family (1). Protein disulfide isomerase and related molecules catalyze the formation and isomerization of protein disulfid ...
... eduction, oxidation, and isomerization of protein disulfide bonds in the cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells are carried out by enzymes of the thioredoxin family (1). Protein disulfide isomerase and related molecules catalyze the formation and isomerization of protein disulfid ...
Ezrin: a protein requiring conformational activation to link
... A general theme that applies not only to ezrin, but to all ERM proteins, is their presence in the apical domain of polarized cells, a region usually characterized by the presence of microvilli. Although ERM proteins can have overlapping distributions in certain epithelial cell types, such as the pre ...
... A general theme that applies not only to ezrin, but to all ERM proteins, is their presence in the apical domain of polarized cells, a region usually characterized by the presence of microvilli. Although ERM proteins can have overlapping distributions in certain epithelial cell types, such as the pre ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.